xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/man/man8/fwflash.8 (revision bbf21555) 
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 Copyright 2020 Oxide Computer Company
 Copyright 2021 Peter Tribble
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 FWFLASH 8 "June 20, 2021"
 NAME
fwflash - firmware query and update utility

 SYNOPSIS
/usr/sbin/fwflash [-l [-c device_class | ALL ]]
 | [-v] | [-h]






fwflash [-f file1,file2,file3,... | -r file]
 [-y] [-d device_path]




 DESCRIPTION
The fwflash command writes a binary image file to supported flashable
devices attached to a Solaris host. It also provides the ability to read
firmware to a file if supported by the device. Because changing the firmware in
a device can have significant impact on the stability of a system, only users
with the privilege All are allowed to execute this command. Users
authorized to run fwflash can be granted the "Firmware Flash Update"
Rights Profile.


The first form of the command, above, provides information about devices. It
lists all devices currently available on the system that are supported by
fwflash for firmware upgrade. You can filter the list operation, to
display only specified classes of devices. The second form of the command
provides the operations to read or write the firmware images to specific
devices.

 OPTIONS
The following options are supported:
-c device_class


An optional parameter, valid only when used with the -l option. This
option causes the command to list only devices of a specific class type.
Currently supported classes are IB, ses, sd, ufm, or
ALL. If -c is not specified for the -l option, the class
defaults to ALL.



-d dev_path


The dev_path is the absolute path name of the device that the user wants
to modify with the -f or -r option. If the device cannot be found,
the command fails. If the -d option is specified, then either -f or
-r must also be specified.



-f file1,file2,file3,...


Specify the path to one or more binary firmware image files you want to write
to the device. fwflash will verify that each file is a valid firmware
image for the specified device. If it is not, the command fails with an
appropriate error message.
If multiple firmware image files are specified, each image is verified and
flashed to the device in the order given on the command line. If any of the
specified files cannot be successfully flashed, then an appropriate message is
displayed.
After a new firmware image is flashed to a device, a reboot is required to
correctly activate the new firmware.



-h


Display the command line usage message for fwflash.



-l


List the devices on a system available for firmware upgrade and display
information specific to each device or device class.
For InfiniBand (IB) devices, the list operation displays the guids
(Globally Unique Identifier) currently set for the HCA, as well as the current
firmware revision installed. There are four separate guids on the HCA;
two of them can be set with the same value.
For SCSI Enclosure Services (ses or sgen) devices, an identifying
target-port worldwide name is displayed, if available.
For ufm(4D) based devices, identifying information such as PCI
identifiers and supported capabilities such as the ability to read
firmware images or slot information is reported. For each firmware image
on the device, each slot is displayed along with information about the
slot's version and attributes.



-r file


Specify the path to a file to create when reading the firmware from the device.
The -f and -r options are mutually exclusive.
Not all flashable devices support reading firmware images back from the device.
A message will be displayed if the selected device does not support this
operation.



-v


Display fwflash version information and exit.



-y


Valid only when a flash read (-r) or write (-f) option is
specified. This option causes fwflash not to prompt for confirmation
during operation and operate non-interactively. Note that there is no option
that allows you to forcibly flash an incompatible firmware image onto a device.




 EXAMPLES
Example 1 Entering Command Without Arguments


The following command shows fwflash output when the command is entered
without arguments.


example# fwflash
Usage:
 fwflash [-l [-c device_class | ALL]] | [-v] | [-h]
 fwflash [-f file1,file2,file3,... | -r file] [-y] -d device_path

 -l list flashable devices in this system
 -c device_class limit search to a specific class
 eg IB for InfiniBand, ses for SCSI Enclosures
 -v print version number of fwflash utility
 -h print this usage message

 -f file1,file2,file3,...
 firmware image file list to flash
 -r file file to dump device firmware to
 -y answer Yes/Y/y to prompts
 -d device_path pathname of device to be flashed

 If -d device_path is specified, then one of -f <files>
 or -r <file> must also be specified

 If multiple firmware images are required to be flashed
 they must be listed together, separated by commas. The
 images will be flashed in the order specified.





Example 2 Listing Devices Available to Flash


The following command lists the devices available to be flashed.


example# fwflash -l
List of available devices:
Device[0], /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3595@2/pci8086,32a@0,2/\e
 pci15b3,5a46@c/pci15b3,5a44@0:devctl
 Class [IB]
 GUID: System Image - 0002c901081e33b3
 Node - 0000000000003446
 Port 1 - 0002c901081e33b1
 Port 2 - 0002c901081e33b2
 Firmware revision: 3.3.0002
 No hardware information available for this device

Device[1], /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3597@4/pci15b3,6278@0:devctl
 Class [IB]
 GUID: System Image - 0002c9010a99e3b3
 Node - 0002c9010a99e3b0
 Port 1 - 0002c9010a99e3b1
 Port 2 - 0002c9010a99e3b2
 Firmware revision: 4.8.00c8
 Product : MTLP25208-CF256T (Lion cub)
 PSID : MT_00B0000001





Alternatively, for a SAS Expander presented as a SCSI Enclosure Services device,
we might see output such as this:


example# fwflash -l
List of available devices:
Device[0] /devices/pci@0/pci@0/pci@2/scsi@0/ses@3,0:ses
 Class [sgen]
 Target port WWN : 500605b00002453d
 Vendor : SUN
 Product : 16Disk Backplane
 Firmware revision: 5021





Finally, for devices that support the system's upgradeable firmware
module APIs (see ufm(4D)), one might see output like:


example# fwflash -l
List of available devices:
Device[0] /devices/pci@0,0/pci1022,1483@3,2/pci8086,390d@0
Class [ufm]
 Vendor: Intel Corporation
 Device: SSD 660P Series
 Capabilities: Report
 Image 0: Firmware
 Slot 0 (-|w|a): 002C
 Slot 1 (-|w|-): 002C


Device[1] /devices/pci@3d,0/pci1022,1483@3,1/pci1849,1521@0
Class [ufm]
 Vendor: Intel Corporation
 Device: I350 Gigabit Network Connection
 Capabilities: Report, Read Image
 Image 0: NVM
 Slot 0 (r|w|a): 1.69





Example 3 Flash Upgrading an IB HCA Device


The following command flash upgrades an IB HCA device.


example# fwflash -f ./version.3.2.0000 \e
 -d /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3597@4/pci15b3,6278@0:devctl
About to update firmware on:
 /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3597@4/pci15b3,6278@0:devctl
Continue (Y/N): Y

Updating . . . . . . . . . . . .
Done. New image will be active after the system is rebooted.





Note that you are prompted before the upgrading proceeds and that it is
mandatory that you reboot your host to activate the new firmware image.



The following command adds the -y option to the command.


example# fwflash -y -f ./version.3.2.0000 \e
 -d /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3597@4/pci15b3,6278@0:devctl
About to update firmware on:
 /devices/pci@0,0/pci8086,3597@4/pci15b3,6278@0:devctl

Updating . . . . . . . . . . . .
Done. New image will be active after the system is rebooted.





Example 4 Reading Device Firmware to File


The command shown below reads the device firmware to a file. The command uses
the -y option so that read occurs without prompting.


example# fwflash -y -r ./firmware.bin \e
 -d /devices/pci@1d,700000/pci@1/pci15b3,5a44@0:devctl
About to read firmware on:
 /devices/pci@1d,700000/pci@1/pci15b3,5a44@0:devctl
to filename: ./firmware.bin

Reading . . .
Done.





Example 5 When No Flashable Devices Are Found


The command output shown below informs the user that there are no supported
flashable devices found in the system:


example# fwflash -l
fwflash: No flashable devices attached with the ses driver in this system
fwflash: No flashable devices attached with the sgen driver in this system
fwflash: No flashable devices attached with the tavor driver in this system
fwflash: No flashable devices in this system





Each plugin found in /usr/lib/fwflash/identify is loaded in turn, and
walks the system device tree, determining whether any currently-attached
devices can be flashed.


 RETURN VALUES
The fwflash command returns the following values:
0


Success



1


Failure




 ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(7) for descriptions of the following attributes:






ATTRIBUTE TYPE ATTRIBUTE VALUE
Interface Stability Committed



 SEE ALSO
 hermon (4D),  ses (4D),  tavor (4D),  ufm (4D),  attributes (7) 

The InfiniBand Trade Association website, http://www.infinibandta.org


The SCSI Storage Interfaces committee website, http://www.t10.org


SCSI Primary Commands-4, SPC4


SCSI Enclosure Services-2, SES2


Serial Attached SCSI-2, SAS2