xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/lib/libc/amd64/unwind/unwind.c (revision 7257d1b4)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 #pragma ident	"%Z%%M%	%I%	%E% SMI"
28 
29 /*
30  * UNWIND - Unwind library
31  */
32 
33 /*
34  * ===================== stack walk ====================
35  *
36  * Stack walk-back starts with the user code at the top of the stack
37  * calling a language specific support routine which calls the generic
38  * unwind code. The unwind code captures
39  * information which can be used to partially build an _Unwind_Context
40  * for the user code containing:
41  *
42  *    callee saves registers <current values>
43  *    PC
44  *    %rbp
45  *    %rsp
46  *
47  * Using that pc location the unwind info for the function is found.
48  * Then the CFA operations encoded in the unwind info are interepreted to get
49  *
50  *    callee saves registers <values on entry>
51  *    the return address
52  *    cannonical frame address
53  *
54  * completing the context for the user function (See
55  * _Unw_Rollback_Registers()) .
56  *
57  * The values computed above are equivalent to the info which would have been
58  * captured from the caller and are used to initialize the callers context
59  * (see _Unw_Propagate_Registers()) which can be completed.
60  *
61  * Using the same two-step procedure
62  * context records for each frame down the stack may be constructed
63  * in turn.  The ABI defined interface to _Unwind_Context provides
64  * access to
65  *
66  *    callee saves registers <current values>
67  *    current PC
68  *    frame pointer
69  *
70  * and allows changing
71  *
72  *    PC
73  *    values of integer argument registers
74  *
75  * (changed values take effect if context is "installed" - think
76  * setcontext(2))
77  *
78  */
79 
80 /*
81  *
82  * |                              |
83  * | local storage for start()    | <FP == 0>
84  * |                              |
85  * --------------------------------.
86  * |                              |
87  * |     ..........               |
88  * |                              | <-  CFA for bar()
89  * --------------------------------.
90  * |                              |
91  * | local storage for bar()      |
92  * |                              | <-  SP for bar(), CFA for foo()
93  * ................................
94  * |  pc for bar()                |
95  * --------------------------------
96  * |                              |
97  * | local storage for foo()      |
98  * |                              | <-  SP for foo(), CFA for ex_throw()
99  * ................................
100  * | pc for foo() - PC3           |
101  * ................................
102  * | saved RBP from foo() - BP3   | <-  FP for ex_throw() == FP2
103  * --------------------------------
104  * |                              |
105  * | local storage for ex_throw() |
106  * |                              | <- SP for ex_throw(), CFA for Unw()
107  * ................................
108  * | pc for ex_throw() - PC2      |
109  * ................................
110  * | saved RBP from ex_throw()    | <- FP for Unw() == FP1
111  * --------------------------------
112  * |                              |
113  * | local storage for Unw()      |
114  * |                              | <- SP for Unw() == SP1
115  *
116  * We know that Unw() and ex_throw save and have an FP
117  *
118  */
119 
120 #ifdef _LIBCRUN_
121 #define	_Unwind_DeleteException  _SUNW_Unwind_DeleteException
122 #define	_Unwind_ForcedUnwind  _SUNW_Unwind_ForcedUnwind
123 #define	_Unwind_GetCFA  _SUNW_Unwind_GetCFA
124 #define	_Unwind_GetGR  _SUNW_Unwind_GetGR
125 #define	_Unwind_GetIP  _SUNW_Unwind_GetIP
126 #define	_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData _SUNW_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData
127 #define	_Unwind_GetRegionStart  _SUNW_Unwind_GetRegionStart
128 #define	_Unwind_RaiseException  _SUNW_Unwind_RaiseException
129 #define	_Unwind_Resume  _SUNW_Unwind_Resume
130 #define	_Unwind_SetGR  _SUNW_Unwind_SetGR
131 #define	_Unwind_SetIP  _SUNW_Unwind_SetIP
132 #else
133 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_DeleteException = _Unwind_DeleteException
134 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_ForcedUnwind = _Unwind_ForcedUnwind
135 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetCFA = _Unwind_GetCFA
136 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetGR = _Unwind_GetGR
137 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetIP = _Unwind_GetIP
138 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData = \
139 		_Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData
140 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_GetRegionStart = _Unwind_GetRegionStart
141 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_RaiseException = _Unwind_RaiseException
142 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_Resume = _Unwind_Resume
143 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_SetGR = _Unwind_SetGR
144 #pragma weak _SUNW_Unwind_SetIP = _Unwind_SetIP
145 #endif
146 
147 #include "lint.h"
148 #include <string.h>
149 #include "stack_unwind.h"
150 #include "reg_num.h"
151 #include "unwind_context.h"
152 
153 const _Unwind_Action _UA_SEARCH_PHASE = 1;
154 const _Unwind_Action _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE = 2;
155 const _Unwind_Action _UA_HANDLER_FRAME = 4;
156 const _Unwind_Action _UA_FORCE_UNWIND = 8;
157 
158 void _Unw_capture_regs(uint64_t *regs);
159 void _Unw_jmp(uint64_t pc, uint64_t *regs);
160 
161 static void
162 copy_ctx(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx1, struct _Unwind_Context *ctx2)
163 {
164 	if (ctx1 != ctx2) {
165 		(void) memcpy(ctx2, ctx1, sizeof (*ctx2));
166 	}
167 }
168 
169 static _Unwind_Personality_Fn
170 ctx_who(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
171 {
172 	return (ctx->pfn);
173 }
174 
175 /* ARGSUSED */
176 _Unwind_Reason_Code
177 _Unw_very_boring_personality(int version, int actions, uint64_t exclass,
178 	struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
179 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
180 {
181 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res = _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND;
182 	uint64_t fp;
183 
184 	fp =  _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx);
185 	if (fp == 0 || _Unwind_GetIP(ctx) == 0) {
186 		return (_URC_END_OF_STACK);
187 	}
188 	return (res);
189 }
190 
191 /*
192  * The only static variables in this code - changed by debugging hook below
193  */
194 static int using_ehf = 1;
195 static uintptr_t def_per_fcn = (uintptr_t)&_Unw_very_boring_personality;
196 
197 void
198 _SUNW_Unw_set_defaults(int use, uintptr_t def_per)
199 {
200 	using_ehf = use;
201 	def_per_fcn = def_per;
202 }
203 
204 static void
205 complete_context(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
206 {
207 	struct eh_frame_fields sf;
208 	struct eh_frame_fields *sfp = 0;
209 
210 	ctx->pfn = (_Unwind_Personality_Fn)def_per_fcn;
211 	ctx->lsda = 0;
212 	ctx->func = 0;
213 	ctx->range = 0;
214 	ctx->fde = 0;
215 	if (using_ehf && (0 != _Unw_EhfhLookup(ctx))) {
216 		sfp = _Unw_Decode_FDE(&sf, ctx);
217 	}
218 	(void) _Unw_Rollback_Registers(sfp, ctx);
219 }
220 
221 /*
222  * input: FP1 (or FP2 if from _Unwind_Resume (from_landing_pad))
223  *
224  * FP2 = FP1[0];
225  * BP3 = FP2[0];
226  * PC3 = FP2[1];
227  * SP3 = FP2 + 16;
228  *
229  * output: PC3, SP3, and BP3
230  *
231  * remaining callee saves registers are also captured in context
232  */
233 static void
234 finish_capture(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int from_landing_pad)
235 {
236 	uint64_t fp1 = ctx->current_regs[FP_RBP];
237 	uint64_t fp2 = from_landing_pad ? fp1 : ((uint64_t *)fp1)[0];
238 
239 	ctx->pc = ((uint64_t *)fp2)[1];
240 	ctx->current_regs[SP_RSP] = fp2 + 16;
241 	ctx->current_regs[FP_RBP] = ((uint64_t *)fp2)[0];
242 	complete_context(ctx);
243 }
244 
245 static int
246 down_one(struct _Unwind_Context *old_ctx, struct _Unwind_Context *new_ctx)
247 {
248 	uint64_t old_cfa = old_ctx->cfa;
249 	uint64_t old_pc = old_ctx->pc;
250 	uint64_t new_cfa;
251 
252 	if (old_cfa == 0 || old_pc == 0) {
253 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
254 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
255 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
256 		return (1);
257 	}
258 	if (old_ctx->ra == 0) {
259 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
260 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
261 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
262 		return (0);
263 	}
264 	/* now shift ----------------------------- */
265 	_Unw_Propagate_Registers(old_ctx, new_ctx);
266 	complete_context(new_ctx);
267 	new_cfa = new_ctx->cfa;
268 	if ((new_cfa < old_cfa) || (new_cfa & 7)) {
269 		new_ctx->pc = 0;
270 		new_ctx->cfa = 0;
271 		new_ctx->ra = 0;
272 	}
273 	return (0);
274 }
275 
276 static void
277 jmp_ctx(struct _Unwind_Context *ctx)
278 {
279 	_Unw_jmp(ctx->pc, ctx->current_regs);
280 }
281 
282 /*
283  * Here starts the real work - the entry points from either a language
284  * runtime or directly from user code.
285  *
286  * The two ..._Body functions are intended as private interfaces for
287  * Sun code as well so should remain accessible.
288  */
289 _Unwind_Reason_Code
290 _Unwind_RaiseException_Body(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
291 	struct _Unwind_Context *entry_ctx, int phase)
292 {
293 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
294 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
295 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res;
296 
297 	if (phase & _UA_SEARCH_PHASE) {
298 		finish_capture(entry_ctx, 0);
299 		copy_ctx(entry_ctx, ctx);
300 
301 		for (;;) {
302 			res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
303 			    exception_object->exception_class,
304 			    exception_object, ctx);
305 			if (res != _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND)
306 				break;
307 			if (down_one(ctx, ctx))
308 				return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE1_ERROR);
309 		}
310 		switch (res) {
311 		case _URC_HANDLER_FOUND:
312 			exception_object->private_2 = _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx);
313 			break;
314 		default:
315 			return (res);
316 			break;
317 		}
318 	} else {
319 		finish_capture(entry_ctx, 1);
320 		if (down_one(entry_ctx, entry_ctx))
321 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
322 	}
323 
324 	phase = _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE;
325 	copy_ctx(entry_ctx, ctx);
326 
327 	for (;;) {
328 		if (exception_object->private_2 == _Unwind_GetCFA(ctx)) {
329 			phase |= _UA_HANDLER_FRAME;
330 		}
331 		res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
332 		    exception_object->exception_class,
333 		    exception_object, ctx);
334 		if ((phase & _UA_HANDLER_FRAME) && res != _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT)
335 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
336 		if (res != _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND)
337 			break;
338 		if (down_one(ctx, ctx))
339 			return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
340 	}
341 	switch (res) {
342 	case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:
343 		exception_object->private_1 = 0;
344 		jmp_ctx(ctx); /* does not return */
345 		break;
346 	default:
347 		break;
348 	}
349 	return (res);
350 }
351 
352 _Unwind_Reason_Code
353 _Unwind_RaiseException(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
354 {
355 	struct _Unwind_Context entry_context;
356 	struct _Unwind_Context *entry_ctx = &entry_context;
357 
358 	_Unw_capture_regs(entry_ctx->current_regs);
359 
360 	return (_Unwind_RaiseException_Body(exception_object, entry_ctx,
361 	    _UA_SEARCH_PHASE));
362 }
363 
364 _Unwind_Reason_Code
365 _Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
366 	_Unwind_Stop_Fn stop, void *stop_parameter,
367 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx, int resume)
368 {
369 	_Unwind_Reason_Code res;
370 	int phase = _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE | _UA_FORCE_UNWIND;
371 
372 	int again;
373 	int doper;
374 
375 	finish_capture(ctx, resume);
376 	if (resume && down_one(ctx, ctx))
377 		return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
378 
379 	do {
380 		again = 0;
381 		doper = 0;
382 		res = (*stop)(1, phase,
383 		    exception_object->exception_class,
384 		    exception_object, ctx, stop_parameter);
385 		switch (res) {
386 		case _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND:
387 			/* keep going - don't call personality */
388 			again = 1;
389 			break;
390 		case _URC_NO_REASON:
391 			/* keep going - do call personality */
392 			again = 1;
393 			doper = 1;
394 			break;
395 		case _URC_NORMAL_STOP:  /* done */
396 			break;
397 		case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:  /* resume execution */
398 			break;
399 		default:		/* failure */
400 			break;
401 		}
402 		if (doper) {
403 			res = (*ctx_who(ctx))(1, phase,
404 			    exception_object->exception_class,
405 			    exception_object, ctx);
406 		}
407 		switch (res) {
408 		case _URC_INSTALL_CONTEXT:
409 			exception_object->private_1 = (uint64_t)stop;
410 			exception_object->private_2 = (uint64_t)stop_parameter;
411 			jmp_ctx(ctx); /* does not return */
412 			break;
413 		case _URC_CONTINUE_UNWIND:
414 		case _URC_NO_REASON:
415 			break;
416 		case _URC_END_OF_STACK:
417 			ctx->cfa = ctx->ra = ctx->pc = 0;
418 			res = (*stop)(1, phase,
419 			    exception_object->exception_class,
420 			    exception_object, ctx, stop_parameter);
421 			return (_URC_END_OF_STACK);
422 			break;
423 		default:
424 			again = 0;
425 			break;
426 		}
427 		if (again) {
428 			if (down_one(ctx, ctx)) {
429 				return (_URC_FATAL_PHASE2_ERROR);
430 			}
431 		}
432 	} while (again);
433 
434 	return (res);
435 }
436 
437 _Unwind_Reason_Code
438 _Unwind_ForcedUnwind(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object,
439 	_Unwind_Stop_Fn stop, void *stop_parameter)
440 {
441 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
442 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
443 
444 	_Unw_capture_regs(ctx->current_regs);
445 
446 	return (_Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(exception_object, stop,
447 	    stop_parameter, ctx, 0));
448 }
449 
450 void
451 _Unwind_Resume(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
452 {
453 
454 	struct _Unwind_Context context;
455 	struct _Unwind_Context *ctx = &context;
456 
457 	_Unw_capture_regs(ctx->current_regs);
458 
459 	if (exception_object->private_1)
460 		(void) _Unwind_ForcedUnwind_Body(exception_object,
461 		    (_Unwind_Stop_Fn)exception_object->private_1,
462 		    (void *)exception_object->private_2,
463 		    ctx, 1);
464 	else
465 		(void) _Unwind_RaiseException_Body(exception_object, ctx,
466 		    _UA_CLEANUP_PHASE);
467 }
468 
469 /* Calls destructor function for exception object */
470 void
471 _Unwind_DeleteException(struct _Unwind_Exception *exception_object)
472 {
473 	if (exception_object->exception_cleanup != 0)
474 		(*(exception_object->exception_cleanup))(_URC_NO_REASON,
475 		    exception_object);
476 }
477 
478 
479 /*
480  * stack frame context accessors defined in ABI
481  * (despite all the dire text in the ABI these are reliable Get/Set routines)
482  * Note: RA is handled as GR value
483  */
484 uint64_t
485 _Unwind_GetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *context, int index)
486 {
487 	uint64_t res = 0;
488 	if (index <= EIR_R15) {
489 		res = context->current_regs[index];
490 	} else if (index == RET_ADD) {
491 		res = context->ra;
492 	}
493 	return (res);
494 }
495 
496 
497 void
498 _Unwind_SetGR(struct _Unwind_Context *context, int index,
499 uint64_t new_value)
500 {
501 	if (index <= EIR_R15) {
502 		context->current_regs[index] = new_value;
503 	} else if (index == RET_ADD) {
504 		context->ra = new_value;
505 	}
506 }
507 
508 
509 uint64_t
510 _Unwind_GetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
511 {
512 	return (context->pc);
513 }
514 
515 void
516 _Unwind_SetIP(struct _Unwind_Context *context, uint64_t new_value)
517 {
518 	context->pc = new_value;
519 }
520 
521 
522 void *
523 _Unwind_GetLanguageSpecificData(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
524 {
525 	return (context->lsda);
526 }
527 
528 
529 uint64_t
530 _Unwind_GetRegionStart(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
531 {
532 	return (context->func);
533 }
534 
535 uint64_t
536 _Unwind_GetCFA(struct _Unwind_Context *context)
537 {
538 	return (context->cfa);
539 }
540