1# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
2# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
3
4# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
5
6# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
9# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
10
11# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
12# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
13# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
14
15###############################################################################
16
17# United States
18
19# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
20# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
21# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
22# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
23# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
24# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
25# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
26# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
27
28# From Paul Eggert (2016-09-21):
29# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
30# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones
31# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
32# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
33# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
34# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
35# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
36# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
37# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
38# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
39# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18 at 12:00.
40# That Sunday was called the "day of two noons", as the eastern parts
41# of the new zones observed noon twice.  Allen witnessed the
42# transition in New York City, writing:
43#
44#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
45#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
46#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
47#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
48#   abandoned, probably forever.
49#
50# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
51# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
52# http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
53
54# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
55# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
56# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
57
58# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
59# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
60# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
61# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
62# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
63# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
64
65# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
66# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
67# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
68# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
69# Not everyone is happy with the results:
70#
71#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
72#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
73#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
74#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
75#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
76#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
77#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
78#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
79#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
80#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
81#
82#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
83#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
84#
85# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
86# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
87# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
88# http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
89#
90# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
91# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
92# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
93# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
94
95# From Arthur David Olson:
96# US Daylight Saving Time ended on the last Sunday of *October* in 1974.
97# See, for example, the front page of the Saturday, 1974-10-26
98# and Sunday, 1974-10-27 editions of the Washington Post.
99
100# From Arthur David Olson:
101# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
102# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
103
104# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
105# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
106# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
107# An AltaVista search turned up:
108# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
109# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
110# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
111# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
112#
113# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
114# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
115
116# From Joseph Gallant citing
117# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
118# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
119# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
120# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
121# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
122# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
123# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
124# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
125
126# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
127# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
128#
129# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
130# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
131# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
132# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
133# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
134# importance."
135#
136# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
137# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
138# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
139# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
140#
141# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
142
143# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
144# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
145# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
146# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
147# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
148
149# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
150Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
151Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
152Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
153Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
154Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
155Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
156Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
157Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
158Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	23	2:00	1:00	D
159Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
160Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
161Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
162Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
163
164# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
165# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
166# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
167# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
168# this time zone package.
169# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
170# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
171# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
172# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
173# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
174
175# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
176Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST
177Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST
178Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST
179Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT
180Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT
181Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
182Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
183
184# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
185# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
186# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
187# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
188# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
189# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
190# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
191# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
192# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
193# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
194# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
195# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
196# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
197# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
198# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
199
200# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
201# The above dates are for 1988.
202# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
203# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
204# Aleutians.
205
206# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
207# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
208# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
209# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
210# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
211#	(none)
212#	United States standard eastern time
213#	United States standard mountain time
214#	United States standard central time
215#	United States standard Pacific time
216#	(none)
217#	United States standard Alaska time
218#	(none)
219# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
220# public law 98-181):
221#	Atlantic standard time
222#	eastern standard time
223#	central standard time
224#	mountain standard time
225#	Pacific standard time
226#	Yukon standard time
227#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
228#	Bering standard time
229# And after 1983-11-30:
230#	Atlantic standard time
231#	eastern standard time
232#	central standard time
233#	mountain standard time
234#	Pacific standard time
235#	Alaska standard time
236#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
237#	Samoa standard time
238# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
239#
240# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
241# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
242# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
243# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
244# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
245# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
246# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
247# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
248# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
249#	1918 names			1967 names
250#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)
251#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)
252#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
253#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)
254#
255# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
256# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
257# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
258#
259# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
260# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
261# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
262# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
263# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
264
265# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
266# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
267#
268# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
269#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
270#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
271#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
272#     Sunday of March"; and
273#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
274#     Sunday of November'.
275#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
276#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
277#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
278#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
279#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
280#   States.
281#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
282#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
283#   Department study is complete.
284
285# US eastern time, represented by New York
286
287# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
288# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
289# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
290# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
291# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
292# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
293
294# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
295# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
296# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
297# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
298# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
299# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
300
301# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
302# According to today's Huntsville Times
303# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
304# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
305# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
306# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
307# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
308# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
309# in Columbus."
310#
311# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
312# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
313# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
314# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
315# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
316# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which
317# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.
318# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
319
320# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
321# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
322# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
323# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the
324# nearest second.
325
326# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
327Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
328Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
329Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
330Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
331Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
332# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
333Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
334			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
335			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
336			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
337			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
338			-5:00	US	E%sT
339
340# US central time, represented by Chicago
341
342# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
343# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
344# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
345# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
346# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
347# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
348# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
349# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
350
351# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
352# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
353# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
354# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
355# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got
356# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
357# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
358# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to
359# clear up.  See:
360# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
361# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
362
363# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
364# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
365# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
366# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
367# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
368# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
369#
370# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
371# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
372# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
373# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
374
375# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
376# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
377# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
378# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
379# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County
380# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)
381#
382# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
383# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
384
385# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
386Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
387Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
388Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
389Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
390Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
391Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
392# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
393Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
394			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
395			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00
396			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00
397			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
398			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
399			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
400			-6:00	US	C%sT
401# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
402Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
403			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00
404			-6:00	US	C%sT
405# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
406# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
407# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
408# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
409# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
410# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
411# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
412Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
413			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00
414			-6:00	US	C%sT
415
416# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
417# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
418# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
419# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
420# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
421# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
422
423# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
424# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
425# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
426# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
427# at 47 degrees 15' 51" N, 101 degrees 46' 40" W, which yields an offset
428# of 6h47'07".
429
430Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
431			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
432			-6:00	US	C%sT
433
434# US mountain time, represented by Denver
435#
436# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
437# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
438# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
439# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
440# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
441#
442# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
443Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
444Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
445Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
446Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
447Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
448# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
449Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
450			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
451			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
452			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
453			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
454			-7:00	US	M%sT
455
456# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
457#
458# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
459# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
460# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
461# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern 3/4 of
462# Malheur county), and Washington
463
464# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
465# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
466# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
467# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
468# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
469# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
470# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
471# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
472#
473# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
474# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
475# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
476# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
477#
478# In response:
479#
480#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
481#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
482#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
483#     -- Ross, p 25
484#
485# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
486# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
487#
488# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
489# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
490# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
491# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
492# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
493# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
494#
495# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
496Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
497Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
498Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
499Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
500Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
501# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
502Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
503			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
504			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
505			-8:00	US	P%sT
506
507# Alaska
508# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
509#
510# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
511# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
512# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
513# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
514# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
515# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
516# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
517# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
518# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
519# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
520# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
521# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
522# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
523#
524# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
525# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
526# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
527# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants
528# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
529# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
530# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
531# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
532# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
533# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
534# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
535
536# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
537# One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
538# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
539# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
540# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
541# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
542#
543# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
544# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
545# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
546# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
547
548# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
549# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
550#
551# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
552# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
553# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
554# Pacific Time.
555#
556# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
557# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
558# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
559#
560# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
561# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
562#
563# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
564# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
565#
566# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
567# Nation.)
568
569# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
570# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
571# Community office (using contact information available at
572# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
573# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
574# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
575# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
576# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
577# did not inquire about practices in the past.
578
579# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
580# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
581# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
582
583# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
584# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
585# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
586# between AKST and AKDT from now on....
587# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
588
589# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
590Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
591			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
592			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
593			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
594			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
595			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00
596			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00
597			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
598			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
599			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
600Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30
601			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
602			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
603			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
604			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
605			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
606			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
607			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
608Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
609			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
610			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
611			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
612			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
613			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
614			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
615			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
616Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
617			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
618			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
619			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
620			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
621			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
622			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
623Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
624			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
625			-10:00	-	AST	1942
626			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr
627			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
628			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
629			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
630			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
631Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
632			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
633			-11:00	-	NST	1942
634			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
635			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
636			-11:00	-	BST	1969
637			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
638			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
639			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
640Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
641			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
642			-11:00	-	NST	1942
643			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
644			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
645			-11:00	-	BST	1969
646			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
647			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
648			-10:00	US	H%sT
649# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
650#
651# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
652# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
653# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
654#
655# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
656# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
657# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
658# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
659# possibly until 1983:
660#
661#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
662#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
663#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
664#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
665#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
666#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
667#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
668#  three votes for and one against."
669
670# Hawaii
671
672# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
673# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
674# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
675# the article is available at
676# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
677# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
678# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
679# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
680# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
681# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
682# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
683# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
684# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
685# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
686# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
687# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
688
689# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
690# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
691# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
692# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
693# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
694# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
695# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
696# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
697# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
698# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
699# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
700# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
701# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
702# of the Territory of Hawaii."
703#
704# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
705# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
706
707# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
708Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00
709			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00
710			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00
711			-10:30	-	HST	1942 Feb  9  2:00
712			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
713			-10:30	-	HST	1947 Jun  8  2:00
714			-10:00	-	HST
715
716# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
717
718# Arizona mostly uses MST.
719
720# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
721#
722# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
723# Daylight Saving Time web page
724# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
725# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
726# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
727# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
728# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
729# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
730# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
731# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
732# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
733# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
734# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
735#
736# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
737# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
738
739# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
740Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
741			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01
742			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01
743			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01
744			-7:00	-	MST	1967
745			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
746			-7:00	-	MST
747# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
748# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
749# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
750# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
751# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
752# tribal nations don't use DST.)
753#
754# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
755# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
756
757# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
758# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
759# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
760# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
761# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
762# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
763# switched four weeks late in 1974.
764#
765# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
766Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
767			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00
768			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
769			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00
770			-7:00	US	M%sT
771
772# Indiana
773#
774# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
775# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
776#
777# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
778# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
779# with the following exceptions:
780#
781# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
782#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
783#
784# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
785#
786# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
787#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
788#
789# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
790#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
791#
792# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
793# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
794# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
795# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
796#
797# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
798# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
799# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
800
801# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
802# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
803# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
804# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
805# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
806# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
807# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
808# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
809# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
810# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
811
812# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
813# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
814# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
815# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
816
817# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
818Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
819Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
820Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
821# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
822Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
823			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
824			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
825			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
826			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00
827			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00
828			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00
829			-5:00	-	EST	1969
830			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
831			-5:00	-	EST	2006
832			-5:00	US	E%sT
833#
834# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
835# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
836# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
837Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
838Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
839Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
840Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
841# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
842Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
843			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
844			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
845			-5:00	-	EST	1969
846			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
847			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
848			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
849			-5:00	-	EST	2006
850			-5:00	US	E%sT
851#
852# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
853# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
854# in November 2007.
855# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
856Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
857Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
858Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
859Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
860Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
861Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
862Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
863Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
864Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
865# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
866Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
867			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
868			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
869			-5:00	-	EST	1969
870			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
871			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
872			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
873			-5:00	US	E%sT
874#
875# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
876# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
877Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
878Rule Perry	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
879Rule Perry	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
880Rule Perry	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
881Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
882Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
883Rule Perry	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
884Rule Perry	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
885Rule Perry	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
886# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
887Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
888			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
889			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
890			-5:00	-	EST	1969
891			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
892			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
893			-6:00	US	C%sT
894#
895# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
896# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
897# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
898Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
899Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
900Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
901Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
902# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
903Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
904			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
905			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00
906			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00
907			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00
908			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
909			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
910			-5:00	US	E%sT
911#
912# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
913# then switched back in 2006.
914# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
915# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
916# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
917# 1991-10-27.
918# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
919Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
920Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
921Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
922Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
923Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
924# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
925Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
926			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
927			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00
928			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00
929			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00
930			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
931			-6:00	US	C%sT
932#
933# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
934# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
935# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
936Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
937Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
938Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
939Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
940# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
941Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
942			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
943			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
944			-5:00	-	EST	1969
945			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
946			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
947			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00
948			-5:00	US	E%sT
949#
950# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
951# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
952Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
953			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00
954			-5:00	-	EST	1969
955			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
956			-5:00	-	EST	2006
957			-5:00	US	E%sT
958
959# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
960# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
961# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
962Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
963Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
964Rule Louisville	1941	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
965Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
966Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
967Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
968Rule Louisville	1956	1960	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
969# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
970Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
971			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
972			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
973			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
974			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00
975			-5:00	-	EST	1968
976			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
977			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
978			-5:00	US	E%sT
979#
980# Wayne County, Kentucky
981#
982# From Lake Cumberland LIFE
983# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
984# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
985# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
986# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
987# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
988# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
989# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
990# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
991# location in the Central time zone.
992#
993# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
994# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
995# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
996# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
997# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
998#
999# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1000# The final rule was published in the
1001# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1002# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1003#
1004Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1005			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1006			-6:00	-	CST	1968
1007			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
1008			-5:00	US	E%sT
1009
1010
1011# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1012# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1013# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1014#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1015# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1016# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1017# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1018# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1019#
1020# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1021# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1022# so omit that change for now.
1023# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1024# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1025# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1026# 1999-10-31.  See the
1027# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1028# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1029# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1030# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1031# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1032
1033# Michigan
1034#
1035# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1036# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1037#
1038# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1039# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1040# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1041# that Detroit kept
1042#
1043#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1044#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
1045#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
1046#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
1047#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1048#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1049#	by city vote.
1050#
1051# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1052#
1053# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1054# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1055# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
1056# info, so omit this for now.
1057#
1058# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-26):
1059# Although Shanks says Detroit observed DST in 1967 from 06-14 00:01
1060# until 10-29 00:01, I now see multiple reports that this is incorrect.
1061# For example, according to a 50-year anniversary report about the 1967
1062# Detroit riots and a major-league doubleheader on 1967-07-23, "By the time
1063# the last fly ball of the doubleheader settled into the glove of leftfielder
1064# Lenny Green, it was after 7 p.m.  Detroit did not observe daylight saving
1065# time, so light was already starting to fail.  Twilight was made even deeper
1066# by billowing columns of smoke that ascended in an unbroken wall north of the
1067# ballpark."  See: Dow B. Detroit '67: As violence unfolded, Tigers played two
1068# at home vs. Yankees. Detroit Free Press 2017-07-23.
1069# https://www.freep.com/story/sports/mlb/tigers/2017/07/23/detroit-tigers-1967-riot-new-york-yankees/499951001/
1070#
1071# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1072# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1073Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1074Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1075# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1076Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
1077			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
1078			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1079			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
1080			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1973
1081			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
1082			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00
1083			-5:00	US	E%sT
1084#
1085# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1086# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1087# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1088Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1089Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1090Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1091Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1092# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1093Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
1094			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1095			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
1096			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00
1097			-6:00	US	C%sT
1098
1099# Navassa
1100# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1101# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1102# also claimed by Haiti
1103# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1104# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1105# currently uninhabited
1106# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1107# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1108# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1109
1110################################################################################
1111
1112
1113# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1114#
1115# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1116# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1117# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1118# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1119#
1120# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1121# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1122# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1123# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1124# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
1125# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1126#
1127# Other sources occasionally used include:
1128#
1129#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1130#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1131#	which I found in the UCLA library.
1132#
1133#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1134#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1135#	[PDF] (1914-03)
1136#
1137#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1138#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1139#
1140# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1141
1142# Canada
1143
1144# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1145# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1146# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1147#
1148#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time
1149#	offset	French	English	French	English
1150#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
1151#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
1152#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
1153#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
1154#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
1155#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
1156#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
1157#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
1158#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
1159#
1160#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
1161#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time
1162#
1163#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
1164#	C: du Centre		Central
1165#	E: de l'Est		Eastern
1166#	M:			Mountain
1167#	N:			Newfoundland
1168#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
1169#	R: des Rocheuses
1170#	T: de Terre-Neuve
1171#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
1172#
1173# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1174# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1175
1176# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1177# & Pottenger.
1178
1179# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1180# 2007-03-01):
1181# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1182# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1183# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1184# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1185# ...
1186# Nova Scotia
1187# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1188# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1189#
1190# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1191# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1192# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1193# ...
1194# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1195# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1196# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1197# ...
1198# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1199# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1200# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1201# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1202# ...
1203# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1204# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1205# ...
1206# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1207# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1208# ...
1209# Yukon
1210# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1211# ...
1212# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
1213# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1214# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1215# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1216# JavaScript.
1217# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1218# ...
1219# Nunavut
1220# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1221# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1222
1223# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1224# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1225# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1226# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1227# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1228# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1229#
1230# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1231# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1232# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1233# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1234
1235# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1236# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1237# new US DST rules,
1238
1239# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1240# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1241# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1242# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1243# The quote includes these two statements:
1244# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1245# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1246# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1247# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1248# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1249
1250# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1251# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1252# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1253
1254# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1255Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1256Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1257Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1258Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1259Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1260Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1261Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1262Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1263Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1264Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
1265
1266
1267# Newfoundland and Labrador
1268
1269# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1270# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1271# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1272# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1273# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1274# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1275# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1276
1277# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1278Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
1279Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
1280# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1281Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
1282Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
1283# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1284Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
1285Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
1286# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1287# Pottenger.
1288Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
1289Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
1290# Whitman gives the following transitions:
1291# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1292# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1293# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1294# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1295Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1296Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
1297Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1298Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1299Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1300# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1301# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1302# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1303
1304# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1305# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1306# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1307# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1308# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1309# now occurs at 2:00AM.
1310# ...
1311# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1312# ...
1313# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1314# Office of the Chief Information Officer
1315# Executive Council
1316# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1317
1318Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1319Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1320Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
1321Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1322Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
1323Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
1324#
1325# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1326# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1327Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
1328			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
1329			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
1330			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
1331			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1332			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1333			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov
1334			-3:30	Canada	N%sT
1335
1336# most of east Labrador
1337
1338# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1339# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1340Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1341			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
1342			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
1343			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
1344			-3:30	-	NST	1936
1345			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1346			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1347			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00
1348			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov
1349			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1350
1351
1352# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1353
1354# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1355# From the historical weather station records available at:
1356# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1357# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1358# likely to be the same across the island....
1359# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1360# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1361
1362# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1363# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1364# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1365# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1366# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1367# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1368# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1369# this is a typo.
1370
1371# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1372Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1373Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
1374Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
1375Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
1376Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
1377Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1378Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1379Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1380Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
1381Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1382Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
1383Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
1384Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
1385Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1386Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1387Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1388Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
1389Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1390Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1391Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1392Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1393Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1394Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
1395Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
1396Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
1397Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1398Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
1399Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1400Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
1401Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1402Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1403Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
1404Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1405Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1406Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1407Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1408Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1409Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1410Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1411Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1412Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1413# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1414Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1415			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
1416			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
1417			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1418			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1419			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1420			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1421Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1422			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
1423			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
1424			-4:00	-	AST	1972
1425			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1426			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1427
1428# New Brunswick
1429
1430# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1431# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1432# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1433# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1434# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1435# For now, assume it started in 1993.
1436
1437# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1438Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
1439Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
1440Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
1441Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
1442Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
1443Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
1444Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
1445Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
1446Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1447Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1448Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1449Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1450Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1451# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1452Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
1453			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
1454			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
1455			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
1456			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1457			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
1458			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
1459			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
1460			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1461
1462# Quebec
1463
1464# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1465# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1466#
1467# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1468# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1469# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1470# The Quebec department of justice writes in
1471# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1472# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1473# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1474# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1475# https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1476# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1477# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1478# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1479
1480# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1481Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -	LMT	1884
1482			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1970
1483			-4:00	-	AST
1484
1485# Ontario
1486
1487# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1488# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1489# Toronto.
1490# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1491# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1492# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1493# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1494
1495# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1496# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1497# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1498# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1499# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1500# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1501# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1502# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1503# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1504# earlier in June).
1505#
1506# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1507#
1508# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1509# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1510# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1511# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1512
1513# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1514# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1515# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1516# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1517# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1518# http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1519# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1520# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1521# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1522#
1523# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1524# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1525# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1526# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1527# violation of the official Ontario rules.
1528#
1529# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1530# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1531# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1532#
1533#	The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1534#	This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1535#	the other half on eastern time.
1536#
1537#	For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1538#
1539#	"The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1540#	Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1541#	said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."
1542#
1543# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1544# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1545
1546# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1547# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1548# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1549# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1550# time keeping since 1952, at least.
1551
1552# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1553# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1554# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1555# McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan
1556# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1557# ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1558# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1559# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1560
1561# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1562#
1563# Currently the database has:
1564#
1565# # Ontario
1566#
1567# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1568# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1569# # Toronto.
1570# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1571# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1572# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1573#
1574# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1575# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1576# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1577#
1578#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1579#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1580#
1581# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1582#
1583# I only came across this incidentally.  I don't know if Windsor began
1584# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1585#
1586# By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1587#
1588#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1589#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1590
1591# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1592#
1593# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1594# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1595# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1596# was available at
1597# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1598#
1599# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1600#
1601#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1602# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1603# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1604# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1605# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1606# for the other provinces only approximate:
1607#
1608#	Province	Daylight saving time used
1609# Prince Edward Island	Not used.
1610# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.
1611# New Brunswick		In St. John only.
1612# Quebec		In the following places:
1613#			Montreal	Lachine
1614#			Quebec		Mont-Royal
1615#			Lévis		Iberville
1616#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine
1617#			Verdun		Loretteville
1618#			Westmount	Richmond
1619#			Outremont	St. Jérôme
1620#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park
1621#			Arvida		Waterloo
1622#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu
1623#			Melbourne	La Tuque
1624#			St. Théophile	Buckingham
1625# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along
1626#			the southerly part of the province. Not
1627#			used in the northwesterly part.
1628# Manitoba		Not used.
1629# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.
1630# Alberta		Not used.
1631# British Columbia	Not used.
1632#
1633#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1634# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1635
1636# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1637Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
1638Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
1639Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1640Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1641Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
1642Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
1643Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1644# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1645# was meant.
1646Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
1647Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1648# The 1927-to-1939 rules can be expressed more simply as
1649# Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
1650# Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
1651# Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1652# Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1653# The rules below avoid use of Sun>=25
1654# (which pre-2004 versions of zic cannot handle).
1655Rule	Toronto	1927	1932	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1656Rule	Toronto	1928	1931	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1657Rule	Toronto	1932	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
1658Rule	Toronto	1933	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1659Rule	Toronto	1933	only	-	Oct	1	2:00	0	S
1660Rule	Toronto	1934	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1661Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1662Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1663Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
1664Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1665Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1666Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1667Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1668Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1669# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1670# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1671# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1672# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1673Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1674
1675# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1676# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1677# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1678# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1679# Saskatchewan, for one year."
1680
1681# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1682# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1683# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1684# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1685# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1686# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1687# include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight
1688# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1689# already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World
1690# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1691# months for the remainder of the war years.
1692
1693# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1694Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
1695			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
1696			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1697			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
1698			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
1699			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1700Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895
1701			-6:00	-	CST	1910
1702			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1703			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970
1704			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1973
1705			-5:00	-	EST	1974
1706			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1707Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895
1708			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1940 Sep 29
1709			-5:00	1:00	EDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1710			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1711Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -	LMT	1895
1712			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1713			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1714			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1715Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895
1716			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1717			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1718			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
1719			-5:00	-	EST
1720
1721
1722# Manitoba
1723
1724# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1725# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1726# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1727# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1728# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1729# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1730# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1731# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1732# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1733# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1734# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1735# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1736# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1737
1738# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1739# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1740# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1741# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1742
1743# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1744Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
1745Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
1746Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1747Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1748Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
1749Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
1750Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1751Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1752Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1753Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
1754Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1755Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1756Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1757Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
1758Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1759Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1760Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1761Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1762Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1763Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1764Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
1765Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
1766Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
1767Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
1768# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1769Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
1770			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
1771			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1772
1773
1774# Saskatchewan
1775
1776# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1777# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1778# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1779# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1780# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1781# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1782# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1783# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1784# time was noted.
1785
1786# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1787# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1788# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1789
1790# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1791# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1792# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1793# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1794# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1795# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1796
1797# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1798# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1799# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1800# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1801# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1802#
1803# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1804# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1805# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1806# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1807#
1808# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1809# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1810# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1811# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1812# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1813# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1814# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1815#
1816# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1817# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1818# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1819# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1820# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1821# since sometime in the 1960s.
1822
1823# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1824# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1825# long and rather painful to read.
1826# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1827
1828# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1829Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1830Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1831Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1832Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1833Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1834Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1835Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1836Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1837Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1838Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1839Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1840Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1841Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
1842Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1843Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1844Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1845Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1846#
1847Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1848Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1849Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1850Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1851Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1852# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1853Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1854			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1855			-6:00	-	CST
1856Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1857			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1858			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
1859			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1860			-6:00	-	CST
1861
1862
1863# Alberta
1864
1865# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1866Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1867Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1868Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
1869Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1870Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1871Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1872Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1873Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1874Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1875Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1876Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1877Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1878Rule	Edm	1967	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1879Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1880Rule	Edm	1969	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1881Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1882Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1883# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1884Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
1885			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
1886			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
1887
1888
1889# British Columbia
1890
1891# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1892# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
1893# been like Vancouver.
1894# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
1895# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
1896
1897# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
1898
1899# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
1900# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
1901# that do not currently observe daylight saving:
1902# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
1903# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
1904# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
1905
1906# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
1907# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
1908# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
1909# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1910# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
1911# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
1912# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
1913
1914# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
1915# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain.  I e-mailed Tammy a few months
1916# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess.  She said it was just
1917# as plausible as any other date (in June).  She also said that after writing
1918# the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
1919# subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
1920# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
1921
1922# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
1923# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
1924# Exact date unknown
1925# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
1926# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
1927# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
1928# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
1929# note 1:
1930# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
1931# Creston did not change its clocks.
1932# note 2:
1933# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
1934# Creston did not oblige.
1935# note 3:
1936# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
1937# (UTC-7) forever.
1938# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
1939# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
1940
1941# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
1942# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
1943# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
1944# the change.  It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
1945# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
1946# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
1947
1948# The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
1949
1950# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
1951# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they
1952# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
1953# America/Dawson_Creek.
1954# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
1955#
1956# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
1957# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
1958# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
1959# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has
1960# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
1961# 2015-03-08.
1962#
1963# From Paul Eggert (2015-09-23):
1964# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
1965
1966# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1967Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1968Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1969Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1970Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1971Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1972Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1973Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1974Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1975Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1976# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1977Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
1978			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1979			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
1980Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
1981			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
1982			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00
1983			-7:00	-	MST
1984Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
1985			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946
1986			-8:00	-	PST	1947
1987			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
1988			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
1989			-7:00	-	MST
1990Zone America/Creston	-7:46:04 -	LMT	1884
1991			-7:00	-	MST	1916 Oct 1
1992			-8:00	-	PST	1918 Jun 2
1993			-7:00	-	MST
1994
1995# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
1996
1997# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1998# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
1999# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2000#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2001#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2002#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2003#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2004#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2005#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2006#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2007
2008# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2009#
2010# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2011# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2012# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its
2013# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2014# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2015#
2016# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2017# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include
2018# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2019# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2020# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2021# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2022# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2023# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2024# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2025# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2026# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2027#
2028# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2029#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2030#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2031#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2032#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2033#   thirty-fifth meridian.
2034#
2035# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2036#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2037#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2038#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2039#
2040#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2041#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2042#
2043#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2044#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2045#
2046# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2047#   http://? - no online source found
2048#
2049# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2050#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2051#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2052#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2053#
2054#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2055#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2056#
2057#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2058#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2059#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2060#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2061#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2062#
2063#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2064#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2065#     hours behind Greenwich Time.
2066#
2067# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2068#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2069#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2070#
2071#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2072#     revoked.
2073#
2074#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2075#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2076#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2077#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2078#
2079# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2080#   http://? - no online source found
2081#
2082# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2083#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2084#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2085#
2086#   In every year between
2087#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2088#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2089#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2090#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2091#   ...
2092#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2093#
2094# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2095#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2096#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2097#
2098#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2099#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2100#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2101#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2102#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2103#
2104#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2105#
2106#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2107#
2108# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2109# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2110
2111# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2112# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2113# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2114# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2115#
2116# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2117# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2118# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2119
2120# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2121# Basic Facts: The New Territory
2122# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2123# (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2124# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when
2125# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2126
2127# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2128# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2129# Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:
2130#
2131# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2132#
2133#	First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2134#	Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2135#
2136# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2137#
2138#	Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2139#
2140# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2141# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2142# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2143# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2144# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2145# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2146# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2147# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2148# the current state of affairs.
2149
2150# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2151# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2152# http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2153# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2154# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2155# for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
2156# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2157
2158# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2159# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2160# for these potential new Zones.
2161#
2162# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2163# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2164# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2165# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2166# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2167# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2168# required to use daylight savings.
2169
2170# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2171# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2172# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2173# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2174# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2175# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2176# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2177# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
2178# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2179# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2180# unified time zone in 1999.
2181#
2182# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2183# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2184
2185# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2186# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2187
2188# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2189# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2190# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2191# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
2192# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2193# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
2194# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2195# more.
2196# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2197
2198# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2199# According to ...
2200# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2201# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2202# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2203# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2204# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2205# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2206# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2207#
2208# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2209# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2210# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
2211# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2212# see above for an up-to-date link.
2213
2214# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2215# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2216# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2217# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2218# daylight saving....
2219# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2220
2221# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2222# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2223# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2224# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2225# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2226#
2227# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2228# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2229#
2230# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2231# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2232# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2233# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2234# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2235# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2236# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2237# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2238# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2239#
2240# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2241# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2242# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2243# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2244# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2245# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2246# and worked in Resolute Bay...
2247#
2248# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2249# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2250# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2251# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2252# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2253# tell me when the practice had stopped.
2254#
2255# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2256# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2257# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2258# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2259# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2260# Aziz:
2261# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2262#
2263# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2264# Eastern Standard Time.
2265#
2266# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2267# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2268# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2269# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2270#
2271# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2272#
2273# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2274# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2275# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2276# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2277#
2278# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2279# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2280# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2281# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2282
2283# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2284Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2285Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2286Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
2287Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
2288Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2289Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2290Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2291Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
2292Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2293Rule	NT_YK	1980	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2294Rule	NT_YK	1980	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2295Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2296# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2297# aka Panniqtuuq
2298Zone America/Pangnirtung 0	-	-00	1921 # trading post est.
2299			-4:00	NT_YK	A%sT	1995 Apr Sun>=1  2:00
2300			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2301			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2302			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2303# formerly Frobisher Bay
2304Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2305			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2306			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2307			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2308# aka Qausuittuq
2309Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2310			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2311			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2312			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00
2313			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00
2314			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2315# aka Kangiqiniq
2316Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2317			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2318			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2319			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2320# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2321Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?
2322			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2323			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2324			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00
2325			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2326			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2327Zone America/Yellowknife 0	-	-00	1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2328			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2329			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2330Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
2331			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2332			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2333			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2334Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2335			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1967 May 28  0:00
2336			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2337			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2338Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2339			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00
2340			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2341			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2342
2343
2344###############################################################################
2345
2346# Mexico
2347
2348# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2349# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2350# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2351# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2352# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2353#
2354# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2355# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2356# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2357# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2358# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2359# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2360
2361# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2362# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2363# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2364# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2365# the relevant documents.
2366
2367# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2368# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2369# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2370#
2371# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2372#
2373# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2374# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2375#
2376# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2377#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2378#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2379#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2380#
2381# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2382#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2383#    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2384#    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2385#    General:   GMT+5
2386#
2387# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2388#    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2389#    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2390#    General:   GMT+6
2391#
2392# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2393#
2394# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2395# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2396# For an English translation of the decree, see
2397# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2398# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2399
2400# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2401# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2402# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2403
2404# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2405# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2406# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2407# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2408# Arizona year round.
2409
2410# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2411# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2412# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2413# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2414# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2415# whole year.
2416
2417# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2418# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2419# (translated):...
2420# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2421# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2422# this year....
2423# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2424# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2425# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2426
2427# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2428# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2429# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2430# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2431# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2432# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2433# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2434# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2435
2436# Official statute published by the Energy Department
2437# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2438# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2439# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2440
2441# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2442#
2443# http://www.latimes.com/news/nation/20010303/t000018766.html
2444# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2445# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2446# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2447#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2448# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2449# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2450#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2451#
2452# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2453
2454# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2455# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2456# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2457# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2458# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2459# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2460# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2461# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2462# September 30, 2001.
2463# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2464# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2465
2466# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2467# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2468# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2469# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2470# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2471# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2472# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2473# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2474
2475# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2476# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2477# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2478# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2479# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2480
2481# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2482#
2483# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2484# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2485# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2486# > the United States.
2487# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2488# 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2489# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2490# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2491# (Spanish)
2492#
2493# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2494# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2495# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2496#
2497# There is also a list of the votes here:
2498# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2499#
2500# Our page:
2501# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2502
2503# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2504# The page
2505# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2506# includes this text:
2507# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2508# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2509# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2510# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2511# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2512# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2513# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2514# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2515# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2516# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2517# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2518# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2519# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2520
2521# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2522# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2523#
2524# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2525# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2526# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2527# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2528# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2529# zone along with the rest of the country."
2530#
2531# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2532# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2533# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2534# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2535# time..."
2536# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2537#
2538# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2539# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2540# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2541# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2542# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2543# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2544#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2545# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2546#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2547#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2548# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2549#    state of Baja California.
2550# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2551#    of Quintana Roo.
2552# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2553#    longitude they are located at.
2554
2555# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2556Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
2557Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
2558Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
2559Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
2560Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
2561Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
2562Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
2563Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
2564Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2565Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2566Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2567Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2568Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2569Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2570# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2571# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2572Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
2573			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2574			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
2575			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00
2576			-5:00	-	EST
2577# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2578Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:01:32
2579			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2580			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2
2581			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2582# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2583# This includes the following municipalities:
2584#   in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2585#     Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2586#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2587#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2588#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2589# See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2590# 2016-03-12
2591# http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2592Zone America/Matamoros	-6:40:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2593			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2594			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2595			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010
2596			-6:00	US	C%sT
2597# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2598Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2599			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2600			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2601			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2602# Central Mexico
2603Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:23:24
2604			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2605			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2606			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2607			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2608			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2609			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00
2610			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
2611			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2612# Chihuahua (near US border)
2613# This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2614# Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2615# (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2616Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:02:20
2617			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2618			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2619			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2620			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2621			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2622			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2623			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2624			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2625			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2626			-7:00	US	M%sT
2627# Chihuahua (away from US border)
2628Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2629			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2630			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2631			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2632			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2633			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2634			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2635			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2636			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2637			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2638# Sonora
2639Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2640			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2641			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2642			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2643			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2644			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2645			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2646			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2647			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2648			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
2649			-7:00	-	MST
2650
2651# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2652# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2653# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2654# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2655#
2656# (Spanish)
2657# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2658# país, a partir de este domingo
2659# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2660#
2661# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2662# País
2663# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2664#
2665# (English)
2666# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2667# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2668# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2669#
2670# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2671# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2672# zone ..."
2673# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2674
2675# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2676# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2677
2678# Mazatlán
2679Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2680			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2681			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2682			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2683			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2684			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2685			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2686			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2687			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2688			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2689
2690# Bahía de Banderas
2691Zone America/Bahia_Banderas	-7:01:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2692			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2693			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2694			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2695			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2696			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2697			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2698			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2699			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2700			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00
2701			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2702
2703# Baja California
2704Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:11:56
2705			-7:00	-	MST	1924
2706			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2707			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
2708			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
2709			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
2710			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
2711			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2712			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2713			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
2714			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
2715			-8:00	-	PST	1954
2716			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
2717			-8:00	-	PST	1976
2718			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
2719			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
2720			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
2721			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010
2722			-8:00	US	P%sT
2723# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2724# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2725# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2726# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2727# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2728# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2729# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2730# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2731# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2732# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2733# name or contents should be.
2734#
2735# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2736# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2737# have come from a misreading of
2738# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2739# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2740#
2741#
2742# Revillagigedo Is
2743# no information
2744
2745###############################################################################
2746
2747# Anguilla
2748# Antigua and Barbuda
2749# See America/Port_of_Spain.
2750
2751# Bahamas
2752#
2753# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2754#
2755# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2756# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2757# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2758# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2759
2760# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2761Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2762Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2763# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2764Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
2765			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976
2766			-5:00	US	E%sT
2767
2768# Barbados
2769
2770# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2771
2772# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2773Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
2774Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
2775Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
2776Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2777Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
2778# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2779Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1924 # Bridgetown
2780			-3:58:29 -	BMT	1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2781			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
2782
2783# Belize
2784# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2785# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2786Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	-0530
2787Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	CST
2788Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT
2789Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST
2790Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT
2791Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST
2792# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2793Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
2794			-6:00	Belize	%s
2795
2796# Bermuda
2797
2798# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2799# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2800
2801# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2802
2803# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2804# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
2805# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2806# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2807# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2808
2809# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2810Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1  2:00 # Hamilton
2811			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28  2:00
2812			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
2813			-4:00	US	A%sT
2814
2815# Cayman Is
2816# See America/Panama.
2817
2818# Costa Rica
2819
2820# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2821
2822# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2823Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
2824Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2825Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
2826# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2827# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2828Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
2829Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
2830# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2831# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2832Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
2833			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2834			-6:00	CR	C%sT
2835# Coco
2836# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2837
2838# Cuba
2839
2840# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2841# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2842# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2843# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2844
2845# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2846# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2847# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2848# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2849# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2850# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2851# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2852# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2853# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2854# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2855
2856# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2857# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2858# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2859# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2860
2861# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
2862# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
2863# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2864# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
2865# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
2866# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
2867# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
2868# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
2869
2870# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
2871# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
2872# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
2873# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
2874
2875# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
2876# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
2877# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
2878# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
2879# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
2880# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
2881# to the normal schedule....
2882
2883# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
2884# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
2885# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
2886# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
2887# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
2888#
2889# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
2890# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
2891# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
2892#
2893# He supplied these references:
2894#
2895# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
2896# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
2897#
2898# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
2899# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
2900#
2901# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
2902# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
2903#
2904# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
2905
2906# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
2907# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
2908# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
2909# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
2910# a Cuban information station, and heard
2911# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
2912# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
2913
2914# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
2915# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
2916# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
2917# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
2918#
2919# Some more background information is posted here:
2920# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
2921#
2922# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
2923# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
2924# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
2925# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
2926# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
2927# change some historic records as well.
2928#
2929# One example:
2930# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
2931
2932# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
2933# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
2934# web site, the Granma.  Please check out
2935# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
2936#
2937# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
2938# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
2939
2940# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
2941# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
2942
2943# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
2944# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
2945# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
2946# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
2947#
2948# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
2949# (in Spanish)
2950
2951# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
2952# I listened over the Internet to
2953# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
2954# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
2955# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
2956# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
2957
2958# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
2959# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
2960# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
2961# changed at all).
2962#
2963# Source:
2964# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
2965#
2966# Our info:
2967# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
2968#
2969# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
2970# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
2971# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
2972#
2973# One source (Spanish)
2974# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
2975#
2976# Our page:
2977# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
2978#
2979# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
2980# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
2981# 31 and April 1.
2982#
2983# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
2984# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
2985#
2986# Our info on it:
2987# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
2988
2989# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
2990# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
2991# to standard time on 2012-11-04:
2992# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
2993# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
2994# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
2995
2996# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2997Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
2998Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
2999Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3000Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3001Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3002Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3003Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
3004Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
3005Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
3006Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
3007Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
3008Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3009Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
3010Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3011Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3012Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
3013Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3014Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
3015Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3016Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
3017Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
3018Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
3019Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3020Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
3021Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
3022Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
3023Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3024Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3025Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
3026Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3027Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3028Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3029Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3030Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3031Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3032Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S
3033Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D
3034Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S
3035Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3036
3037# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3038Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
3039			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3040			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
3041
3042# Dominica
3043# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3044
3045# Dominican Republic
3046
3047# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3048# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3049# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3050# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3051
3052# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3053# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3054
3055# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3056# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3057# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3058# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3059# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
3060# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3061# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3062# decided to revert.
3063
3064
3065# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3066Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT
3067Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST
3068Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430
3069Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST
3070Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST
3071Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST
3072# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3073Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
3074			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3075			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27
3076			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
3077			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
3078			-4:00	-	AST
3079
3080# El Salvador
3081
3082# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3083Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3084Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3085# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3086# instead of America/San_Salvador.
3087# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3088Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador
3089			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
3090
3091# Grenada
3092# Guadeloupe
3093# St Barthélemy
3094# St Martin (French part)
3095# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3096
3097# Guatemala
3098#
3099# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3100# Diario Co Latino, at
3101# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3102# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3103# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3104# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
3105# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3106# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3107# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3108# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
3109# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3110
3111# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3112Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
3113Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
3114Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
3115Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
3116Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
3117Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
3118Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
3119Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
3120# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3121Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
3122			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
3123
3124# Haiti
3125# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3126# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3127# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3128# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3129# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
3130#
3131#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3132#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3133#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3134#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3135#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3136#
3137#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3138#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3139#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3140#   October 2005.
3141#
3142#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3143#
3144# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3145# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3146# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3147# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3148# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3149#
3150# I have found this article about it (in French):
3151# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3152#
3153# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3154
3155# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3156# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3157
3158# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3159# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3160# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3161# So this means they have already changed their time.
3162#
3163# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3164# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3165#
3166# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3167# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3168# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3169# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3170
3171# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3172# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3173# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3174# are going to observe DST every year now...
3175#
3176# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3177# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3178
3179# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3180# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3181# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
3182# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3183# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3184# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3185
3186# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3187# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3188# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3189# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3190# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3191
3192# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3193Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
3194Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3195Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3196# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3197# Go with IATA.
3198Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
3199Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
3200Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3201Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3202Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3203Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3204Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3205Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3206# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3207Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
3208			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3209			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
3210
3211# Honduras
3212# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3213
3214# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3215# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3216# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3217# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
3218# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3219# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3220
3221# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3222# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3223# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3224# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3225
3226# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3227# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3228# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3229# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3230
3231# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3232# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3233# published, I have located this authoritative source:
3234# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3235
3236# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3237# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3238# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3239
3240# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3241Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3242Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3243Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3244Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
3245# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3246Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
3247			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
3248#
3249# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3250
3251# Jamaica
3252# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3253# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3254# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3255#
3256# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3257# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3258# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
3259# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3260# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3261# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3262# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
3263# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3264# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3265#
3266# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3267Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:11 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
3268			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
3269			-5:00	-	EST	1974
3270			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
3271			-5:00	-	EST
3272
3273# Martinique
3274# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3275Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France
3276			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT
3277			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
3278			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
3279			-4:00	-	AST
3280
3281# Montserrat
3282# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3283
3284# Nicaragua
3285#
3286# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3287#
3288# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3289# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3290# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3291# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3292# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3293# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3294# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3295# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3296# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3297#
3298# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3299# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3300# assume that it is daylight saving....
3301#
3302# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3303# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3304# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3305# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3306# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3307# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3308# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3309# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3310# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3311# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3312#
3313# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3314# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3315# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3316# (2005-09-26)
3317#
3318# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3319# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3320# (my informal translation)
3321# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3322# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3323# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3324#
3325# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3326# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3327# My informal translation runs:
3328# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3329# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3330#
3331# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3332Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
3333Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
3334Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
3335Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3336Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
3337Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
3338# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3339Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
3340			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3341			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
3342			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
3343			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00
3344			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
3345			-6:00	-	CST	1993
3346			-5:00	-	EST	1997
3347			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
3348
3349# Panama
3350# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3351Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
3352			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3353			-5:00	-	EST
3354Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3355
3356# Puerto Rico
3357# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3358# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3359Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3360			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
3361			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
3362			-4:00	-	AST
3363
3364# St Kitts-Nevis
3365# St Lucia
3366# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3367
3368# St Pierre and Miquelon
3369# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3370# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3371Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3372			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
3373			-3:00	-	-03	1987
3374			-3:00	Canada	-03/-02
3375
3376# St Vincent and the Grenadines
3377# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3378
3379# Turks and Caicos
3380#
3381# From Chris Dunn in
3382# https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3383# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3384# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3385# the recent U.S. change of dates.
3386#
3387# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3388# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3389# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3390# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3391# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3392# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3393# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3394#
3395# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3396# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
3397# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3398# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3399# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3400# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3401# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3402# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3403#
3404# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3405# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3406# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3407# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3408# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3409#
3410# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3411# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3412# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3413# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3414# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3415#
3416# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3417Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
3418			-5:07:11 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3419			-5:00	-	EST	1979
3420			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3421			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11 3:00
3422			-5:00	US	E%sT
3423
3424# British Virgin Is
3425# Virgin Is
3426# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3427
3428
3429# Local Variables:
3430# coding: utf-8
3431# End:
3432