xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zio_checksum.c (revision be6fd75a69ae679453d9cda5bff3326111e6d1ca)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
23  * Copyright (c) 2013 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
27 #include <sys/spa.h>
28 #include <sys/zio.h>
29 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
30 #include <sys/zil.h>
31 #include <zfs_fletcher.h>
32 
33 /*
34  * Checksum vectors.
35  *
36  * In the SPA, everything is checksummed.  We support checksum vectors
37  * for three distinct reasons:
38  *
39  *   1. Different kinds of data need different levels of protection.
40  *	For SPA metadata, we always want a very strong checksum.
41  *	For user data, we let users make the trade-off between speed
42  *	and checksum strength.
43  *
44  *   2. Cryptographic hash and MAC algorithms are an area of active research.
45  *	It is likely that in future hash functions will be at least as strong
46  *	as current best-of-breed, and may be substantially faster as well.
47  *	We want the ability to take advantage of these new hashes as soon as
48  *	they become available.
49  *
50  *   3. If someone develops hardware that can compute a strong hash quickly,
51  *	we want the ability to take advantage of that hardware.
52  *
53  * Of course, we don't want a checksum upgrade to invalidate existing
54  * data, so we store the checksum *function* in eight bits of the bp.
55  * This gives us room for up to 256 different checksum functions.
56  *
57  * When writing a block, we always checksum it with the latest-and-greatest
58  * checksum function of the appropriate strength.  When reading a block,
59  * we compare the expected checksum against the actual checksum, which we
60  * compute via the checksum function specified by BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp).
61  */
62 
63 /*ARGSUSED*/
64 static void
65 zio_checksum_off(const void *buf, uint64_t size, zio_cksum_t *zcp)
66 {
67 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, 0, 0, 0, 0);
68 }
69 
70 zio_checksum_info_t zio_checksum_table[ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS] = {
71 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0, 0, "inherit"},
72 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0, 0, "on"},
73 	{{zio_checksum_off,	zio_checksum_off},	0, 0, 0, "off"},
74 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1, 0, "label"},
75 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1, 0, "gang_header"},
76 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 1, 0, "zilog"},
77 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 0, 0, "fletcher2"},
78 	{{fletcher_4_native,	fletcher_4_byteswap},	1, 0, 0, "fletcher4"},
79 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 0, 1, "sha256"},
80 	{{fletcher_4_native,	fletcher_4_byteswap},	0, 1, 0, "zilog2"},
81 };
82 
83 enum zio_checksum
84 zio_checksum_select(enum zio_checksum child, enum zio_checksum parent)
85 {
86 	ASSERT(child < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
87 	ASSERT(parent < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
88 	ASSERT(parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT && parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON);
89 
90 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT)
91 		return (parent);
92 
93 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON)
94 		return (ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON_VALUE);
95 
96 	return (child);
97 }
98 
99 enum zio_checksum
100 zio_checksum_dedup_select(spa_t *spa, enum zio_checksum child,
101     enum zio_checksum parent)
102 {
103 	ASSERT((child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK) < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
104 	ASSERT((parent & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK) < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
105 	ASSERT(parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT && parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON);
106 
107 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT)
108 		return (parent);
109 
110 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON)
111 		return (spa_dedup_checksum(spa));
112 
113 	if (child == (ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON | ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY))
114 		return (spa_dedup_checksum(spa) | ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY);
115 
116 	ASSERT(zio_checksum_table[child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_MASK].ci_dedup ||
117 	    (child & ZIO_CHECKSUM_VERIFY) || child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_OFF);
118 
119 	return (child);
120 }
121 
122 /*
123  * Set the external verifier for a gang block based on <vdev, offset, txg>,
124  * a tuple which is guaranteed to be unique for the life of the pool.
125  */
126 static void
127 zio_checksum_gang_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, blkptr_t *bp)
128 {
129 	dva_t *dva = BP_IDENTITY(bp);
130 	uint64_t txg = BP_PHYSICAL_BIRTH(bp);
131 
132 	ASSERT(BP_IS_GANG(bp));
133 
134 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, DVA_GET_VDEV(dva), DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva), txg, 0);
135 }
136 
137 /*
138  * Set the external verifier for a label block based on its offset.
139  * The vdev is implicit, and the txg is unknowable at pool open time --
140  * hence the logic in vdev_uberblock_load() to find the most recent copy.
141  */
142 static void
143 zio_checksum_label_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, uint64_t offset)
144 {
145 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, offset, 0, 0, 0);
146 }
147 
148 /*
149  * Generate the checksum.
150  */
151 void
152 zio_checksum_compute(zio_t *zio, enum zio_checksum checksum,
153 	void *data, uint64_t size)
154 {
155 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
156 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
157 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
158 	zio_cksum_t cksum;
159 
160 	ASSERT((uint_t)checksum < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
161 	ASSERT(ci->ci_func[0] != NULL);
162 
163 	if (ci->ci_eck) {
164 		zio_eck_t *eck;
165 
166 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ZILOG2) {
167 			zil_chain_t *zilc = data;
168 
169 			size = P2ROUNDUP_TYPED(zilc->zc_nused, ZIL_MIN_BLKSZ,
170 			    uint64_t);
171 			eck = &zilc->zc_eck;
172 		} else {
173 			eck = (zio_eck_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
174 		}
175 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
176 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&eck->zec_cksum, bp);
177 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
178 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&eck->zec_cksum, offset);
179 		else
180 			bp->blk_cksum = eck->zec_cksum;
181 		eck->zec_magic = ZEC_MAGIC;
182 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &cksum);
183 		eck->zec_cksum = cksum;
184 	} else {
185 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &bp->blk_cksum);
186 	}
187 }
188 
189 int
190 zio_checksum_error(zio_t *zio, zio_bad_cksum_t *info)
191 {
192 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
193 	uint_t checksum = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_prop.zp_checksum :
194 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER : BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)));
195 	int byteswap;
196 	int error;
197 	uint64_t size = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_size :
198 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? SPA_GANGBLOCKSIZE : BP_GET_PSIZE(bp)));
199 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
200 	void *data = zio->io_data;
201 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
202 	zio_cksum_t actual_cksum, expected_cksum, verifier;
203 
204 	if (checksum >= ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS || ci->ci_func[0] == NULL)
205 		return (SET_ERROR(EINVAL));
206 
207 	if (ci->ci_eck) {
208 		zio_eck_t *eck;
209 
210 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ZILOG2) {
211 			zil_chain_t *zilc = data;
212 			uint64_t nused;
213 
214 			eck = &zilc->zc_eck;
215 			if (eck->zec_magic == ZEC_MAGIC)
216 				nused = zilc->zc_nused;
217 			else if (eck->zec_magic == BSWAP_64(ZEC_MAGIC))
218 				nused = BSWAP_64(zilc->zc_nused);
219 			else
220 				return (SET_ERROR(ECKSUM));
221 
222 			if (nused > size)
223 				return (SET_ERROR(ECKSUM));
224 
225 			size = P2ROUNDUP_TYPED(nused, ZIL_MIN_BLKSZ, uint64_t);
226 		} else {
227 			eck = (zio_eck_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
228 		}
229 
230 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
231 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&verifier, bp);
232 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
233 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&verifier, offset);
234 		else
235 			verifier = bp->blk_cksum;
236 
237 		byteswap = (eck->zec_magic == BSWAP_64(ZEC_MAGIC));
238 
239 		if (byteswap)
240 			byteswap_uint64_array(&verifier, sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
241 
242 		expected_cksum = eck->zec_cksum;
243 		eck->zec_cksum = verifier;
244 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
245 		eck->zec_cksum = expected_cksum;
246 
247 		if (byteswap)
248 			byteswap_uint64_array(&expected_cksum,
249 			    sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
250 	} else {
251 		ASSERT(!BP_IS_GANG(bp));
252 		byteswap = BP_SHOULD_BYTESWAP(bp);
253 		expected_cksum = bp->blk_cksum;
254 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
255 	}
256 
257 	info->zbc_expected = expected_cksum;
258 	info->zbc_actual = actual_cksum;
259 	info->zbc_checksum_name = ci->ci_name;
260 	info->zbc_byteswapped = byteswap;
261 	info->zbc_injected = 0;
262 	info->zbc_has_cksum = 1;
263 
264 	if (!ZIO_CHECKSUM_EQUAL(actual_cksum, expected_cksum))
265 		return (SET_ERROR(ECKSUM));
266 
267 	if (zio_injection_enabled && !zio->io_error &&
268 	    (error = zio_handle_fault_injection(zio, ECKSUM)) != 0) {
269 
270 		info->zbc_injected = 1;
271 		return (error);
272 	}
273 
274 	return (0);
275 }
276