xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/uts/common/fs/zfs/zio_checksum.c (revision 22fe2c8844be88ebae6478ca1b0b92c8ec2aef54)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 /*
22  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
23  * Use is subject to license terms.
24  */
25 
26 #include <sys/zfs_context.h>
27 #include <sys/spa.h>
28 #include <sys/zio.h>
29 #include <sys/zio_checksum.h>
30 
31 /*
32  * Checksum vectors.
33  *
34  * In the SPA, everything is checksummed.  We support checksum vectors
35  * for three distinct reasons:
36  *
37  *   1. Different kinds of data need different levels of protection.
38  *	For SPA metadata, we always want a very strong checksum.
39  *	For user data, we let users make the trade-off between speed
40  *	and checksum strength.
41  *
42  *   2. Cryptographic hash and MAC algorithms are an area of active research.
43  *	It is likely that in future hash functions will be at least as strong
44  *	as current best-of-breed, and may be substantially faster as well.
45  *	We want the ability to take advantage of these new hashes as soon as
46  *	they become available.
47  *
48  *   3. If someone develops hardware that can compute a strong hash quickly,
49  *	we want the ability to take advantage of that hardware.
50  *
51  * Of course, we don't want a checksum upgrade to invalidate existing
52  * data, so we store the checksum *function* in five bits of the DVA.
53  * This gives us room for up to 32 different checksum functions.
54  *
55  * When writing a block, we always checksum it with the latest-and-greatest
56  * checksum function of the appropriate strength.  When reading a block,
57  * we compare the expected checksum against the actual checksum, which we
58  * compute via the checksum function specified in the DVA encoding.
59  */
60 
61 /*ARGSUSED*/
62 static void
63 zio_checksum_off(const void *buf, uint64_t size, zio_cksum_t *zcp)
64 {
65 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, 0, 0, 0, 0);
66 }
67 
68 zio_checksum_info_t zio_checksum_table[ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS] = {
69 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0,	"inherit"},
70 	{{NULL,			NULL},			0, 0,	"on"},
71 	{{zio_checksum_off,	zio_checksum_off},	0, 0,	"off"},
72 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1,	"label"},
73 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 1,	"gang_header"},
74 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 1,	"zilog"},
75 	{{fletcher_2_native,	fletcher_2_byteswap},	0, 0,	"fletcher2"},
76 	{{fletcher_4_native,	fletcher_4_byteswap},	1, 0,	"fletcher4"},
77 	{{zio_checksum_SHA256,	zio_checksum_SHA256},	1, 0,	"SHA256"},
78 };
79 
80 uint8_t
81 zio_checksum_select(uint8_t child, uint8_t parent)
82 {
83 	ASSERT(child < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
84 	ASSERT(parent < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
85 	ASSERT(parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT && parent != ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON);
86 
87 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_INHERIT)
88 		return (parent);
89 
90 	if (child == ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON)
91 		return (ZIO_CHECKSUM_ON_VALUE);
92 
93 	return (child);
94 }
95 
96 /*
97  * Set the external verifier for a gang block based on <vdev, offset, txg>,
98  * a tuple which is guaranteed to be unique for the life of the pool.
99  */
100 static void
101 zio_checksum_gang_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, blkptr_t *bp)
102 {
103 	dva_t *dva = BP_IDENTITY(bp);
104 	uint64_t txg = bp->blk_birth;
105 
106 	ASSERT(BP_IS_GANG(bp));
107 
108 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, DVA_GET_VDEV(dva), DVA_GET_OFFSET(dva), txg, 0);
109 }
110 
111 /*
112  * Set the external verifier for a label block based on its offset.
113  * The vdev is implicit, and the txg is unknowable at pool open time --
114  * hence the logic in vdev_uberblock_load() to find the most recent copy.
115  */
116 static void
117 zio_checksum_label_verifier(zio_cksum_t *zcp, uint64_t offset)
118 {
119 	ZIO_SET_CHECKSUM(zcp, offset, 0, 0, 0);
120 }
121 
122 /*
123  * Generate the checksum.
124  */
125 void
126 zio_checksum_compute(zio_t *zio, enum zio_checksum checksum,
127 	void *data, uint64_t size)
128 {
129 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
130 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
131 	zio_block_tail_t *zbt = (zio_block_tail_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
132 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
133 	zio_cksum_t zbt_cksum;
134 
135 	ASSERT((uint_t)checksum < ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS);
136 	ASSERT(ci->ci_func[0] != NULL);
137 
138 	if (ci->ci_zbt) {
139 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
140 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&zbt->zbt_cksum, bp);
141 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
142 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&zbt->zbt_cksum, offset);
143 		else
144 			bp->blk_cksum = zbt->zbt_cksum;
145 		zbt->zbt_magic = ZBT_MAGIC;
146 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &zbt_cksum);
147 		zbt->zbt_cksum = zbt_cksum;
148 	} else {
149 		ci->ci_func[0](data, size, &bp->blk_cksum);
150 	}
151 }
152 
153 int
154 zio_checksum_error(zio_t *zio, zio_bad_cksum_t *info)
155 {
156 	blkptr_t *bp = zio->io_bp;
157 	uint_t checksum = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_prop.zp_checksum :
158 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER : BP_GET_CHECKSUM(bp)));
159 	int byteswap;
160 	int error;
161 	uint64_t size = (bp == NULL ? zio->io_size :
162 	    (BP_IS_GANG(bp) ? SPA_GANGBLOCKSIZE : BP_GET_PSIZE(bp)));
163 	uint64_t offset = zio->io_offset;
164 	void *data = zio->io_data;
165 	zio_block_tail_t *zbt = (zio_block_tail_t *)((char *)data + size) - 1;
166 	zio_checksum_info_t *ci = &zio_checksum_table[checksum];
167 	zio_cksum_t actual_cksum, expected_cksum, verifier;
168 
169 	if (checksum >= ZIO_CHECKSUM_FUNCTIONS || ci->ci_func[0] == NULL)
170 		return (EINVAL);
171 
172 	if (ci->ci_zbt) {
173 		if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_GANG_HEADER)
174 			zio_checksum_gang_verifier(&verifier, bp);
175 		else if (checksum == ZIO_CHECKSUM_LABEL)
176 			zio_checksum_label_verifier(&verifier, offset);
177 		else
178 			verifier = bp->blk_cksum;
179 
180 		byteswap = (zbt->zbt_magic == BSWAP_64(ZBT_MAGIC));
181 
182 		if (byteswap)
183 			byteswap_uint64_array(&verifier, sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
184 
185 		expected_cksum = zbt->zbt_cksum;
186 		zbt->zbt_cksum = verifier;
187 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
188 		zbt->zbt_cksum = expected_cksum;
189 
190 		if (byteswap)
191 			byteswap_uint64_array(&expected_cksum,
192 			    sizeof (zio_cksum_t));
193 	} else {
194 		ASSERT(!BP_IS_GANG(bp));
195 		byteswap = BP_SHOULD_BYTESWAP(bp);
196 		expected_cksum = bp->blk_cksum;
197 		ci->ci_func[byteswap](data, size, &actual_cksum);
198 	}
199 
200 	info->zbc_expected = expected_cksum;
201 	info->zbc_actual = actual_cksum;
202 	info->zbc_checksum_name = ci->ci_name;
203 	info->zbc_byteswapped = byteswap;
204 	info->zbc_injected = 0;
205 	info->zbc_has_cksum = 1;
206 
207 	if (!ZIO_CHECKSUM_EQUAL(actual_cksum, expected_cksum))
208 		return (ECKSUM);
209 
210 	if (zio_injection_enabled && !zio->io_error &&
211 	    (error = zio_handle_fault_injection(zio, ECKSUM)) != 0) {
212 
213 		info->zbc_injected = 1;
214 		return (error);
215 	}
216 
217 	return (0);
218 }
219