1#ident	"%Z%%M%	%I%	%E% SMI"
2
3# @(#)southamerica	8.6
4# <pre>
5
6# This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
7# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
8# tz@elsie.nci.nih.gov for general use in the future).
9
10# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
11# A good source for time zone historical data outside the U.S. is
12# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
13# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
14#
15# Gwillim Law writes that a good source
16# for recent time zone data is the International Air Transport
17# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
18# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
19# of the IATA's data after 1990.
20#
21# Except where otherwise noted, Shanks & Pottenger is the source for
22# entries through 1990, and IATA SSIM is the source for entries afterwards.
23#
24# Earlier editions of these tables used the North American style (e.g. ARST and
25# ARDT for Argentine Standard and Daylight Time), but the following quote
26# suggests that it's better to use European style (e.g. ART and ARST).
27#	I suggest the use of _Summer time_ instead of the more cumbersome
28#	_daylight-saving time_.  _Summer time_ seems to be in general use
29#	in Europe and South America.
30#	-- E O Cutler, _New York Times_ (1937-02-14), quoted in
31#	H L Mencken, _The American Language: Supplement I_ (1960), p 466
32#
33# Earlier editions of these tables also used the North American style
34# for time zones in Brazil, but this was incorrect, as Brazilians say
35# "summer time".  Reinaldo Goulart, a Sao Paulo businessman active in
36# the railroad sector, writes (1999-07-06):
37#	The subject of time zones is currently a matter of discussion/debate in
38#	Brazil.  Let's say that "the Brasilia time" is considered the
39#	"official time" because Brasilia is the capital city.
40#	The other three time zones are called "Brasilia time "minus one" or
41#	"plus one" or "plus two".  As far as I know there is no such
42#	name/designation as "Eastern Time" or "Central Time".
43# So I invented the following (English-language) abbreviations for now.
44# Corrections are welcome!
45#		std	dst
46#	-2:00	FNT	FNST	Fernando de Noronha
47#	-3:00	BRT	BRST	Brasilia
48#	-4:00	AMT	AMST	Amazon
49#	-5:00	ACT	ACST	Acre
50
51###############################################################################
52
53###############################################################################
54
55# Argentina
56
57# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
58# Argentina: first Sunday in October to first Sunday in April since 1976.
59# Double Summer time from 1969 to 1974.  Switches at midnight.
60
61# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1988-01-199):
62# ARGENTINA           3 H BEHIND   UTC
63
64# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
65# I am sending modifications to the Argentine time zone table...
66# AR was chosen because they are the ISO letters that represent Argentina.
67
68# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
69Rule	Arg	1930	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	S
70Rule	Arg	1931	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
71Rule	Arg	1931	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
72Rule	Arg	1932	1940	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
73Rule	Arg	1932	1939	-	Nov	 1	0:00	1:00	S
74Rule	Arg	1940	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	1:00	S
75Rule	Arg	1941	only	-	Jun	15	0:00	0	-
76Rule	Arg	1941	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
77Rule	Arg	1943	only	-	Aug	 1	0:00	0	-
78Rule	Arg	1943	only	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
79Rule	Arg	1946	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
80Rule	Arg	1946	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
81Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	-
82Rule	Arg	1963	only	-	Dec	15	0:00	1:00	S
83Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
84Rule	Arg	1964	1966	-	Oct	15	0:00	1:00	S
85Rule	Arg	1967	only	-	Apr	 2	0:00	0	-
86Rule	Arg	1967	1968	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
87Rule	Arg	1968	1969	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
88Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	Jan	23	0:00	1:00	S
89Rule	Arg	1974	only	-	May	 1	0:00	0	-
90Rule	Arg	1988	only	-	Dec	 1	0:00	1:00	S
91#
92# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
93# These corrections were contributed by InterSoft Argentina S.A.,
94# obtaining the data from the:
95# Talleres de Hidrografia Naval Argentina
96# (Argentine Naval Hydrography Institute)
97Rule	Arg	1989	1993	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
98Rule	Arg	1989	1992	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
99#
100# From Hernan G. Otero (1995-06-26):
101# From this moment on, the law that mandated the daylight saving
102# time corrections was derogated and no more modifications
103# to the time zones (for daylight saving) are now made.
104#
105# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
106# On October 3, 1999, 0:00 local, Argentina implemented daylight savings time,
107# which did not result in the switch of a time zone, as they stayed 9 hours
108# from the International Date Line.
109Rule	Arg	1999	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
110Rule	Arg	2000	only	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
111#
112# From Peter Gradelski via Steffen Thorsen (2000-03-01):
113# We just checked with our Sao Paulo office and they say the government of
114# Argentina decided not to become one of the countries that go on or off DST.
115# So Buenos Aires should be -3 hours from GMT at all times.
116#
117# From Fabian L. Arce Jofre (2000-04-04):
118# The law that claimed DST for Argentina was derogated by President Fernando
119# de la Rua on March 2, 2000, because it would make people spend more energy
120# in the winter time, rather than less.  The change took effect on March 3.
121#
122# From Mariano Absatz (2001-06-06):
123# one of the major newspapers here in Argentina said that the 1999
124# Timezone Law (which never was effectively applied) will (would?) be
125# in effect.... The article is at
126# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-06/e-01701.htm
127# ... The Law itself is "Ley No 25155", sanctioned on 1999-08-25, enacted
128# 1999-09-17, and published 1999-09-21.  The official publication is at:
129# http://www.boletin.jus.gov.ar/BON/Primera/1999/09-Septiembre/21/PDF/BO21-09-99LEG.PDF
130# Regretfully, you have to subscribe (and pay) for the on-line version....
131#
132# (2001-06-12):
133# the timezone for Argentina will not change next Sunday.
134# Apparently it will do so on Sunday 24th....
135# http://ar.clarin.com/diario/2001-06-12/s-03501.htm
136#
137# (2001-06-25):
138# Last Friday (yes, the last working day before the date of the change), the
139# Senate annulled the 1999 law that introduced the changes later postponed.
140# http://www.clarin.com.ar/diario/2001-06-22/s-03601.htm
141# It remains the vote of the Deputies..., but it will be the same....
142# This kind of things had always been done this way in Argentina.
143# We are still -03:00 all year round in all of the country.
144#
145# From Mariano Absatz (2004-05-21):
146# Today it was officially published that the Province of Mendoza is changing
147# its timezone this winter... starting tomorrow night....
148# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040521-27158-normas.pdf
149# From Paul Eggert (2004-05-24):
150# It's Law No. 7,210.  This change is due to a public power emergency, so for
151# now we'll assume it's for this year only.
152#
153# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
154# <a href="http://www.spicasc.net/horvera.html">
155# Hora de verano para la Republica Argentina (2003-06-08)
156# </a> says that standard time in Argentina from 1894-10-31
157# to 1920-05-01 was -4:16:48.25.  Go with this more-precise value
158# over Shanks & Pottenger.
159#
160# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-05):
161# These media articles from a major newspaper mostly cover the current state:
162# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/27/de_604825.asp
163# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/05/28/de_605203.asp
164#
165# The following eight (8) provinces pulled clocks back to UTC-04:00 at
166# midnight Monday May 31st. (that is, the night between 05/31 and 06/01).
167# Apparently, all nine provinces would go back to UTC-03:00 at the same
168# time in October 17th.
169#
170# Catamarca, Chubut, La Rioja, San Juan, San Luis, Santa Cruz,
171# Tierra del Fuego, Tucuman.
172#
173# From Mariano Absatz (2004-06-14):
174# ... this weekend, the Province of Tucuman decided it'd go back to UTC-03:00
175# yesterday midnight (that is, at 24:00 Saturday 12th), since the people's
176# annoyance with the change is much higher than the power savings obtained....
177#
178# From Gwillim Law (2004-06-14):
179# http://www.lanacion.com.ar/04/06/10/de_609078.asp ...
180#     "The time change in Tierra del Fuego was a conflicted decision from
181#   the start.  The government had decreed that the measure would take
182#   effect on June 1, but a normative error forced the new time to begin
183#   three days earlier, from a Saturday to a Sunday....
184# Our understanding was that the change was originally scheduled to take place
185# on June 1 at 00:00 in Chubut, Santa Cruz, Tierra del Fuego (and some other
186# provinces).  Sunday was May 30, only two days earlier.  So the article
187# contains a contradiction.  I would give more credence to the Saturday/Sunday
188# date than the "three days earlier" phrase, and conclude that Tierra del
189# Fuego set its clocks back at 2004-05-30 00:00.
190#
191# From Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-05):
192# The previous law 7210 which changed the province of Mendoza's time zone
193# back in May have been modified slightly in a new law 7277, which set the
194# new end date to 2004-09-26 (original date was 2004-10-17).
195# http://www.gobernac.mendoza.gov.ar/boletin/pdf/20040924-27244-normas.pdf
196#
197# From Mariano Absatz (2004-10-05):
198# San Juan changed from UTC-03:00 to UTC-04:00 at midnight between
199# Sunday, May 30th and Monday, May 31st.  It changed back to UTC-03:00
200# at midnight between Saturday, July 24th and Sunday, July 25th....
201# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000329.html
202# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000426.html
203# http://www.sanjuan.gov.ar/prensa/archivo/000441.html
204
205# Unless otherwise specified, data are from Shanks & Pottenger through 1992,
206# from the IATA otherwise.  As noted below, Shanks & Pottenger say that
207# America/Cordoba split into 6 subregions during 1991/1992, but we
208# haven't verified this yet so for now we'll keep it a single region.
209#
210# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
211#
212# Buenos Aires (BA), Capital Federal (CF),
213Zone America/Argentina/Buenos_Aires -3:53:48 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
214			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
215			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
216			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
217			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
218			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
219			-3:00	-	ART
220#
221# Santa Fe (SF), Entre Rios (ER), Corrientes (CN), Misiones (MN), Chaco (CC),
222# Formosa (FM), Salta (SA), Santiago del Estero (SE), Cordoba (CB),
223# San Luis (SL), La Pampa (LP), Neuquen (NQ), Rio Negro (RN)
224#
225# Shanks & Pottenger also make the following claims, which we haven't verified:
226# - Formosa switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-07.
227# - Misiones switched to -3:00 on 1990-12-29.
228# - Chaco switched to -3:00 on 1991-01-04.
229# - San Luis switched to -4:00 on 1990-03-14, then to -3:00 on 1990-10-15,
230#   then to -4:00 on 1991-03-01, then to -3:00 on 1991-06-01.
231# - Santiago del Estero switched to -4:00 on 1991-04-01,
232#   then to -3:00 on 1991-04-26.
233#
234Zone America/Argentina/Cordoba -4:16:48 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
235			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
236			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
237			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
238			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
239			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
240			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
241			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
242			-3:00	-	ART
243#
244# Tucuman (TM)
245Zone America/Argentina/Tucuman -4:20:52 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
246			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
247			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
248			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
249			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
250			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
251			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
252			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
253			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
254			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 13
255			-3:00	-	ART
256#
257# La Rioja (LR)
258Zone America/Argentina/La_Rioja -4:27:24 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
259			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
260			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
261			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
262			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  1
263			-4:00	-	WART	1991 May  7
264			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
265			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
266			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
267			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
268			-3:00	-	ART
269#
270# San Juan (SJ)
271Zone America/Argentina/San_Juan -4:34:04 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
272			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
273			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
274			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
275			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  1
276			-4:00	-	WART	1991 May  7
277			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
278			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
279			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 31
280			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jul 25
281			-3:00	-	ART
282#
283# Jujuy (JY)
284Zone America/Argentina/Jujuy -4:21:12 -	LMT	1894 Oct 31
285			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
286			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
287			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
288			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
289			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 28
290			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar 17
291			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct  6
292			-3:00	1:00	ARST	1992
293			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
294			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
295			-3:00	-	ART
296#
297# Catamarca (CT), Chubut (CH)
298Zone America/Argentina/Catamarca -4:23:08 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
299			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
300			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
301			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
302			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1991 Mar  3
303			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 20
304			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
305			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
306			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
307			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
308			-3:00	-	ART
309#
310# Mendoza (MZ)
311Zone America/Argentina/Mendoza -4:35:16 - LMT	1894 Oct 31
312			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May
313			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
314			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
315			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1990 Mar  4
316			-4:00	-	WART	1990 Oct 15
317			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1991 Mar  1
318			-4:00	-	WART	1991 Oct 15
319			-4:00	1:00	WARST	1992 Mar  1
320			-4:00	-	WART	1992 Oct 18
321			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
322			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
323			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 23
324			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Sep 26
325			-3:00	-	ART
326#
327# Santa Cruz (SC)
328Zone America/Argentina/Rio_Gallegos -4:36:52 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
329			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
330			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
331			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
332			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
333			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
334			-3:00	-	ART	2004 Jun  1
335			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
336			-3:00	-	ART
337#
338# Tierra del Fuego, Antartida e Islas del Atlantico Sur (TF)
339Zone America/Argentina/Ushuaia -4:33:12 - LMT 1894 Oct 31
340			-4:16:48 -	CMT	1920 May # Cordoba Mean Time
341			-4:00	-	ART	1930 Dec
342			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	1969 Oct  5
343			-3:00	Arg	AR%sT	1999 Oct  3
344			-4:00	Arg	AR%sT	2000 Mar  3
345			-3:00	-	ART	2004 May 30
346			-4:00	-	WART	2004 Jun 20
347			-3:00	-	ART
348
349# Aruba
350# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
351Zone	America/Aruba	-4:40:24 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Oranjestad
352			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
353			-4:00	-	AST
354
355# Bolivia
356# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
357Zone	America/La_Paz	-4:32:36 -	LMT	1890
358			-4:32:36 -	CMT	1931 Oct 15 # Calamarca MT
359			-4:32:36 1:00	BOST	1932 Mar 21 # Bolivia ST
360			-4:00	-	BOT	# Bolivia Time
361
362# Brazil
363
364# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
365# The mayor of Rio recently attempted to change the time zone rules
366# just in his city, in order to leave more summer time for the tourist trade.
367# The rule change lasted only part of the day;
368# the federal government refused to follow the city's rules, and business
369# was in a chaos, so the mayor backed down that afternoon.
370
371# From IATA SSIM (1996-02):
372# _Only_ the following states in BR1 observe DST: Rio Grande do Sul (RS),
373# Santa Catarina (SC), Parana (PR), Sao Paulo (SP), Rio de Janeiro (RJ),
374# Espirito Santo (ES), Minas Gerais (MG), Bahia (BA), Goias (GO),
375# Distrito Federal (DF), Tocantins (TO), Sergipe [SE] and Alagoas [AL].
376# [The last three states are new to this issue of the IATA SSIM.]
377
378# From Gwillim Law (1996-10-07):
379# Geography, history (Tocantins was part of Goias until 1989), and other
380# sources of time zone information lead me to believe that AL, SE, and TO were
381# always in BR1, and so the only change was whether or not they observed DST....
382# The earliest issue of the SSIM I have is 2/91.  Each issue from then until
383# 9/95 says that DST is observed only in the ten states I quoted from 9/95,
384# along with Mato Grosso (MT) and Mato Grosso do Sul (MS), which are in BR2
385# (UTC-4)....  The other two time zones given for Brazil are BR3, which is
386# UTC-5, no DST, and applies only in the state of Acre (AC); and BR4, which is
387# UTC-2, and applies to Fernando de Noronha (formerly FN, but I believe it's
388# become part of the state of Pernambuco).  The boundary between BR1 and BR2
389# has never been clearly stated.  They've simply been called East and West.
390# However, some conclusions can be drawn from another IATA manual: the Airline
391# Coding Directory, which lists close to 400 airports in Brazil.  For each
392# airport it gives a time zone which is coded to the SSIM.  From that
393# information, I'm led to conclude that the states of Amapa (AP), Ceara (CE),
394# Maranhao (MA), Paraiba (PR), Pernambuco (PE), Piaui (PI), and Rio Grande do
395# Norte (RN), and the eastern part of Para (PA) are all in BR1 without DST.
396
397# From Marcos Tadeu (1998-09-27):
398# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/verao1.html">
399# Brazilian official page
400# </a>
401
402# From Jesper Norgaard (2000-11-03):
403# [For an official list of which regions in Brazil use which time zones, see:]
404# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbr.htm
405# http://pcdsh01.on.br/Fusbrhv.htm
406
407# From Celso Doria via David Madeo (2002-10-09):
408# The reason for the delay this year has to do with elections in Brazil.
409#
410# Unlike in the United States, elections in Brazil are 100% computerized and
411# the results are known almost immediately.  Yesterday, it was the first
412# round of the elections when 115 million Brazilians voted for President,
413# Governor, Senators, Federal Deputies, and State Deputies.  Nobody is
414# counting (or re-counting) votes anymore and we know there will be a second
415# round for the Presidency and also for some Governors.  The 2nd round will
416# take place on October 27th.
417#
418# The reason why the DST will only begin November 3rd is that the thousands
419# of electoral machines used cannot have their time changed, and since the
420# Constitution says the elections must begin at 8:00 AM and end at 5:00 PM,
421# the Government decided to postpone DST, instead of changing the Constitution
422# (maybe, for the next elections, it will be possible to change the clock)...
423
424# From Rodrigo Severo (2004-10-04):
425# It's just the biannual change made necessary by the much hyped, supposedly
426# modern Brazilian eletronic voting machines which, apparently, can't deal
427# with a time change between the first and the second rounds of the elections.
428
429# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-10):
430# The official decrees referenced below are mostly taken from
431# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV.html">
432# Decretos sobre o Horario de Verao no Brasil
433# </a>.
434
435# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
436# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV20466.htm">20,466</a> (1931-10-01)
437# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV21896.htm">21,896</a> (1932-01-10)
438Rule	Brazil	1931	only	-	Oct	 3	11:00	1:00	S
439Rule	Brazil	1932	1933	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
440Rule	Brazil	1932	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
441# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV23195.htm">23,195</a> (1933-10-10)
442# revoked DST.
443# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27496.htm">27,496</a> (1949-11-24)
444# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV27998.htm">27,998</a> (1950-04-13)
445Rule	Brazil	1949	1952	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
446Rule	Brazil	1950	only	-	Apr	16	 1:00	0	-
447Rule	Brazil	1951	1952	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
448# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV32308.htm">32,308</a> (1953-02-24)
449Rule	Brazil	1953	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
450# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV34724.htm">34,724</a> (1953-11-30)
451# revoked DST.
452# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV52700.htm">52,700</a> (1963-10-18)
453# established DST from 1963-10-23 00:00 to 1964-02-29 00:00
454# in SP, RJ, GB, MG, ES, due to the prolongation of the drought.
455# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53071.htm">53,071</a> (1963-12-03)
456# extended the above decree to all of the national territory on 12-09.
457Rule	Brazil	1963	only	-	Dec	 9	 0:00	1:00	S
458# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV53604.htm">53,604</a> (1964-02-25)
459# extended summer time by one day to 1964-03-01 00:00 (start of school).
460Rule	Brazil	1964	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
461# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV55639.htm">55,639</a> (1965-01-27)
462Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	1:00	S
463Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Mar	31	 0:00	0	-
464# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57303.htm">57,303</a> (1965-11-22)
465Rule	Brazil	1965	only	-	Dec	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
466# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV57843.htm">57,843</a> (1966-02-18)
467Rule	Brazil	1966	1968	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
468Rule	Brazil	1966	1967	-	Nov	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
469# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV63429.htm">63,429</a> (1968-10-15)
470# revoked DST.
471# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV91698.htm">91,698</a> (1985-09-27)
472Rule	Brazil	1985	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
473# Decree 92,310 (1986-01-21)
474# Decree 92,463 (1986-03-13)
475Rule	Brazil	1986	only	-	Mar	15	 0:00	0	-
476# Decree 93,316 (1986-10-01)
477Rule	Brazil	1986	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
478Rule	Brazil	1987	only	-	Feb	14	 0:00	0	-
479# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV94922.htm">94,922</a> (1987-09-22)
480Rule	Brazil	1987	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
481Rule	Brazil	1988	only	-	Feb	 7	 0:00	0	-
482# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV96676.htm">96,676</a> (1988-09-12)
483# except for the states of AC, AM, PA, RR, RO, and AP (then a territory)
484Rule	Brazil	1988	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	S
485Rule	Brazil	1989	only	-	Jan	29	 0:00	0	-
486# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV98077.htm">98,077</a> (1989-08-21)
487# with the same exceptions
488Rule	Brazil	1989	only	-	Oct	15	 0:00	1:00	S
489Rule	Brazil	1990	only	-	Feb	11	 0:00	0	-
490# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV99530.htm">99,530</a> (1990-09-17)
491# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, GO, MS, DF.
492# Decree 99,629 (1990-10-19) adds BA, MT.
493Rule	Brazil	1990	only	-	Oct	21	 0:00	1:00	S
494Rule	Brazil	1991	only	-	Feb	17	 0:00	0	-
495# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1991.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1991-09-25)
496# adopted by RS, SC, PR, SP, RJ, ES, MG, BA, GO, MT, MS, DF.
497Rule	Brazil	1991	only	-	Oct	20	 0:00	1:00	S
498Rule	Brazil	1992	only	-	Feb	 9	 0:00	0	-
499# <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1992.htm">Unnumbered decree</a> (1992-10-16)
500# adopted by same states.
501Rule	Brazil	1992	only	-	Oct	25	 0:00	1:00	S
502Rule	Brazil	1993	only	-	Jan	31	 0:00	0	-
503# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV942.htm">942</a> (1993-09-28)
504# adopted by same states, plus AM.
505# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1252.htm">1,252</a> (1994-09-22;
506# web page corrected 2004-01-07) adopted by same states, minus AM.
507# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1636.htm">1,636</a> (1995-09-14)
508# adopted by same states, plus MT and TO.
509# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV1674.htm">1,674</a> (1995-10-13)
510# adds AL, SE.
511Rule	Brazil	1993	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=11	 0:00	1:00	S
512Rule	Brazil	1994	1995	-	Feb	Sun>=15	 0:00	0	-
513Rule	Brazil	1996	only	-	Feb	11	 0:00	0	-
514# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/HV2000.htm">2,000</a> (1996-09-04)
515# adopted by same states, minus AL, SE.
516Rule	Brazil	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
517Rule	Brazil	1997	only	-	Feb	16	 0:00	0	-
518# From Daniel C. Sobral (1998-02-12):
519# In 1997, the DS began on October 6. The stated reason was that
520# because international television networks ignored Brazil's policy on DS,
521# they bought the wrong times on satellite for coverage of Pope's visit.
522# This year, the ending date of DS was postponed to March 1
523# to help dealing with the shortages of electric power.
524#
525# Decree 2,317 (1997-09-04), adopted by same states.
526Rule	Brazil	1997	only	-	Oct	 6	 0:00	1:00	S
527# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV2495.JPG">2,495</a>
528# (1998-02-10)
529Rule	Brazil	1998	only	-	Mar	 1	 0:00	0	-
530# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/Hv98.jpg">2,780</a> (1998-09-11)
531# adopted by the same states as before.
532Rule	Brazil	1998	only	-	Oct	11	 0:00	1:00	S
533Rule	Brazil	1999	only	-	Feb	21	 0:00	0	-
534# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3150.gif">3,150</a>
535# (1999-08-23) adopted by same states.
536# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV99.gif">3,188</a> (1999-09-30)
537# adds SE, AL, PB, PE, RN, CE, PI, MA and RR.
538Rule	Brazil	1999	only	-	Oct	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
539Rule	Brazil	2000	only	-	Feb	27	 0:00	0	-
540# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DEC3592.htm">3,592</a> (2000-09-06)
541# adopted by the same states as before.
542# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3630.jpg">3,630</a> (2000-10-13)
543# repeals DST in PE and RR, effective 2000-10-15 00:00.
544# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/Dec3632.jpg">3,632</a> (2000-10-17)
545# repeals DST in SE, AL, PB, RN, CE, PI and MA, effective 2000-10-22 00:00.
546# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/figuras/HV3916.gif">3,916</a>
547# (2001-09-13) reestablishes DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
548Rule	Brazil	2000	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=8	 0:00	1:00	S
549Rule	Brazil	2001	2006	-	Feb	Sun>=15	 0:00	0	-
550# Decree 4,399 (2002-10-01) repeals DST in AL, CE, MA, PB, PE, PI, RN, SE.
551# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2002/D4399.htm"></a>
552Rule	Brazil	2002	only	-	Nov	 3	 0:00	1:00	S
553# Decree 4,844 (2003-09-24; corrected 2003-09-26) repeals DST in BA, MT, TO.
554# <a href="http://www.presidencia.gov.br/CCIVIL/decreto/2003/D4844.htm"></a>
555Rule	Brazil	2003	only	-	Oct	19	 0:00	1:00	S
556# Decree 5,223 (2004-10-01) reestablishes DST in MT.
557# <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2004/Decreto/D5223.htm"></a>
558Rule	Brazil	2004	only	-	Nov	 2	 0:00	1:00	S
559# Decree <a href="http://pcdsh01.on.br/DecHV5539.gif">5,539</a> (2005-09-19),
560# adopted by the same states as before.
561Rule	Brazil	2005	only	-	Oct	16	 0:00	1:00	S
562# Decree <a href="http://www.planalto.gov.br/ccivil_03/_Ato2004-2006/2006/Decreto/D5920.htm">5,920</a>
563# (2006-10-03), adopted by the same states as before.
564Rule	Brazil	2006	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	 0:00	1:00	S
565Rule	Brazil	2007	max	-	Feb	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
566# The latest ruleset listed above says that the following states observe DST:
567# DF, ES, GO, MG, MS, MT, PR, RJ, RS, SC, SP.
568# For dates after mid-2007, the above rules with TO="max" are guesses
569# and are quite possibly wrong, but are more likely than no DST at all.
570
571
572# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
573#
574# Fernando de Noronha (administratively part of PE)
575Zone America/Noronha	-2:09:40 -	LMT	1914
576			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	1990 Sep 17
577			-2:00	-	FNT	1999 Sep 30
578			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	2000 Oct 15
579			-2:00	-	FNT	2001 Sep 13
580			-2:00	Brazil	FN%sT	2002 Oct  1
581			-2:00	-	FNT
582# Other Atlantic islands have no permanent settlement.
583# These include Trindade and Martin Vaz (administratively part of ES),
584# Atol das Rocas (RN), and Penedos de Sao Pedro e Sao Paulo (PE).
585# Fernando de Noronha was a separate territory from 1942-09-02 to 1989-01-01;
586# it also included the Penedos.
587#
588# Amapa (AP), east Para (PA)
589# East Para includes Belem, Maraba, Serra Norte, and Sao Felix do Xingu.
590# The division between east and west Para is the river Xingu.
591# In the north a very small part from the river Javary (now Jari I guess,
592# the border with Amapa) to the Amazon, then to the Xingu.
593Zone America/Belem	-3:13:56 -	LMT	1914
594			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1988 Sep 12
595			-3:00	-	BRT
596#
597# Maranhao (MA), Piaui (PI), Ceara (CE), Rio Grande do Norte (RN),
598# Paraiba (PB)
599Zone America/Fortaleza	-2:34:00 -	LMT	1914
600			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
601			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
602			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 22
603			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
604			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
605			-3:00	-	BRT
606#
607# Pernambuco (PE) (except Atlantic islands)
608Zone America/Recife	-2:19:36 -	LMT	1914
609			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
610			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
611			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 15
612			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
613			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
614			-3:00	-	BRT
615#
616# Tocantins (TO)
617Zone America/Araguaina	-3:12:48 -	LMT	1914
618			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
619			-3:00	-	BRT	1995 Sep 14
620			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2003 Sep 24
621			-3:00	-	BRT
622#
623# Alagoas (AL), Sergipe (SE)
624Zone America/Maceio	-2:22:52 -	LMT	1914
625			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1990 Sep 17
626			-3:00	-	BRT	1995 Oct 13
627			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1996 Sep  4
628			-3:00	-	BRT	1999 Sep 30
629			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2000 Oct 22
630			-3:00	-	BRT	2001 Sep 13
631			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2002 Oct  1
632			-3:00	-	BRT
633#
634# Bahia (BA)
635# There are too many Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/Bahia instead
636# of America/Salvador.
637Zone America/Bahia	-2:34:04 -	LMT	1914
638			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	2003 Sep 24
639			-3:00	-	BRT
640#
641# Goias (GO), Distrito Federal (DF), Minas Gerais (MG),
642# Espirito Santo (ES), Rio de Janeiro (RJ), Sao Paulo (SP), Parana (PR),
643# Santa Catarina (SC), Rio Grande do Sul (RS)
644Zone America/Sao_Paulo	-3:06:28 -	LMT	1914
645			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT	1963 Oct 23 00:00
646			-3:00	1:00	BRST	1964
647			-3:00	Brazil	BR%sT
648#
649# Mato Grosso do Sul (MS)
650Zone America/Campo_Grande -3:38:28 -	LMT	1914
651			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT
652#
653# Mato Grosso (MT)
654Zone America/Cuiaba	-3:44:20 -	LMT	1914
655			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	2003 Sep 24
656			-4:00	-	AMT	2004 Oct  1
657			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT
658#
659# west Para (PA), Rondonia (RO)
660# West Para includes Altamira, Oribidos, Prainha, Oriximina, and Santarem.
661Zone America/Porto_Velho -4:15:36 -	LMT	1914
662			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
663			-4:00	-	AMT
664#
665# Roraima (RR)
666Zone America/Boa_Vista	-4:02:40 -	LMT	1914
667			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
668			-4:00	-	AMT	1999 Sep 30
669			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	2000 Oct 15
670			-4:00	-	AMT
671#
672# east Amazonas (AM): Boca do Acre, Jutai, Manaus, Floriano Peixoto
673# The great circle line from Tabatinga to Porto Acre divides
674# east from west Amazonas.
675Zone America/Manaus	-4:00:04 -	LMT	1914
676			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1988 Sep 12
677			-4:00	-	AMT	1993 Sep 28
678			-4:00	Brazil	AM%sT	1994 Sep 22
679			-4:00	-	AMT
680#
681# west Amazonas (AM): Atalaia do Norte, Boca do Maoco, Benjamin Constant,
682#	Eirunepe, Envira, Ipixuna
683Zone America/Eirunepe	-4:39:28 -	LMT	1914
684			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1988 Sep 12
685			-5:00	-	ACT	1993 Sep 28
686			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1994 Sep 22
687			-5:00	-	ACT
688#
689# Acre (AC)
690Zone America/Rio_Branco	-4:31:12 -	LMT	1914
691			-5:00	Brazil	AC%sT	1988 Sep 12
692			-5:00	-	ACT
693
694
695# Chile
696
697# From Eduardo Krell (1995-10-19):
698# The law says to switch to DST at midnight [24:00] on the second SATURDAY
699# of October....  The law is the same for March and October.
700# (1998-09-29):
701# Because of the drought this year, the government decided to go into
702# DST earlier (saturday 9/26 at 24:00). This is a one-time change only ...
703# (unless there's another dry season next year, I guess).
704
705# From Julio I. Pacheco Troncoso (1999-03-18):
706# Because of the same drought, the government decided to end DST later,
707# on April 3, (one-time change).
708
709# From Oscar van Vlijmen (2006-10-08):
710# http://www.horaoficial.cl/cambio.htm
711
712# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-08):
713# I think that there are some obvious mistakes in the suggested link
714# from Oscar van Vlijmen,... for instance entry 66 says that GMT-4
715# ended 1990-09-12 while entry 67 only begins GMT-3 at 1990-09-15
716# (they should have been 1990-09-15 and 1990-09-16 respectively), but
717# anyhow it clears up some doubts too.
718
719# The following data are from <http://www.horaoficial.cl/horaof.htm>
720# (2006-09-20), transcribed by Jesper Norgaard Welen.
721
722# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
723Rule	Chile	1927	1932	-	Sep	 1	0:00	1:00	S
724Rule	Chile	1928	1932	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
725Rule	Chile	1942	only	-	Jun	 1	4:00u	0	-
726Rule	Chile	1942	only	-	Aug	 1	5:00u	1:00	S
727Rule	Chile	1946	only	-	Jul	15	4:00u	1:00	S
728Rule	Chile	1946	only	-	Sep	 1	3:00u	0:00	-
729Rule	Chile	1947	only	-	Apr	 1	4:00u	0	-
730Rule	Chile	1968	only	-	Nov	 3	4:00u	1:00	S
731Rule	Chile	1969	only	-	Mar	30	3:00u	0	-
732Rule	Chile	1969	only	-	Nov	23	4:00u	1:00	S
733Rule	Chile	1970	only	-	Mar	29	3:00u	0	-
734Rule	Chile	1971	only	-	Mar	14	3:00u	0	-
735Rule	Chile	1970	1972	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
736Rule	Chile	1972	1986	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
737Rule	Chile	1973	only	-	Sep	30	4:00u	1:00	S
738Rule	Chile	1974	1987	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
739Rule	Chile	1987	only	-	Apr	12	3:00u	0	-
740Rule	Chile	1988	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
741Rule	Chile	1988	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	4:00u	1:00	S
742Rule	Chile	1989	only	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
743Rule	Chile	1990	only	-	Mar	18	3:00u	0	-
744Rule	Chile	1990	only	-	Sep	16	4:00u	1:00	S
745Rule	Chile	1991	1996	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
746Rule	Chile	1991	1997	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
747Rule	Chile	1997	only	-	Mar	30	3:00u	0	-
748Rule	Chile	1998	only	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
749Rule	Chile	1998	only	-	Sep	27	4:00u	1:00	S
750Rule	Chile	1999	only	-	Apr	 4	3:00u	0	-
751Rule	Chile	1999	max	-	Oct	Sun>=9	4:00u	1:00	S
752Rule	Chile	2000	max	-	Mar	Sun>=9	3:00u	0	-
753# IATA SSIM anomalies: (1992-02) says 1992-03-14;
754# (1996-09) says 1998-03-08.  Ignore these.
755# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
756Zone America/Santiago	-4:42:46 -	LMT	1890
757			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1910 	    # Santiago Mean Time
758			-5:00	-	CLT	1916 Jul  1 # Chile Time
759			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1918 Sep  1 # Santiago Mean Time
760			-4:00	-	CLT	1919 Jul  1 # Chile Time
761			-4:42:46 -	SMT	1927 Sep  1 # Santiago Mean Time
762			-5:00	Chile	CL%sT	1947 May 22 # Chile Time
763			-4:00	Chile	CL%sT
764Zone Pacific/Easter	-7:17:28 -	LMT	1890	    # Mataveri
765			-7:17:28 -	MMT	1932 Sep    # Mataveri Mean Time
766			-7:00	Chile	EAS%sT	1982 Jan 18 21:00 # Easter I Time
767			-6:00	Chile	EAS%sT
768#
769# Sala y Gomez Island is like Pacific/Easter.
770# Other Chilean locations, including Juan Fernandez Is, San Ambrosio,
771# San Felix, and Antarctic bases, are like America/Santiago.
772
773# Colombia
774# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
775Rule	CO	1992	only	-	May	 3	0:00	1:00	S
776Rule	CO	1993	only	-	Apr	 4	0:00	0	-
777# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
778Zone	America/Bogota	-4:56:20 -	LMT	1884 Mar 13
779			-4:56:20 -	BMT	1914 Nov 23 # Bogota Mean Time
780			-5:00	CO	CO%sT	# Colombia Time
781# Malpelo, Providencia, San Andres
782# no information; probably like America/Bogota
783
784# Curacao
785#
786# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
787# Shanks & Pottenger say that The Bottom and Philipsburg have been at
788# -4:00 since standard time was introduced on 1912-03-02; and that
789# Kralendijk and Rincon used Kralendijk Mean Time (-4:33:08) from
790# 1912-02-02 to 1965-01-01.  The former is dubious, since S&P also say
791# Saba Island has been like Curacao.
792# This all predates our 1970 cutoff, though.
793#
794# By July 2007 Curacao and St Maarten are planned to become
795# associated states within the Netherlands, much like Aruba;
796# Bonaire, Saba and St Eustatius would become directly part of the
797# Netherlands as Kingdom Islands.  This won't affect their time zones
798# though, as far as we know.
799#
800# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
801Zone	America/Curacao	-4:35:44 -	LMT	1912 Feb 12	# Willemstad
802			-4:30	-	ANT	1965 # Netherlands Antilles Time
803			-4:00	-	AST
804
805# Ecuador
806# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
807Zone America/Guayaquil	-5:19:20 -	LMT	1890
808			-5:14:00 -	QMT	1931 # Quito Mean Time
809			-5:00	-	ECT	     # Ecuador Time
810Zone Pacific/Galapagos	-5:58:24 -	LMT	1931 # Puerto Baquerizo Moreno
811			-5:00	-	ECT	1986
812			-6:00	-	GALT	     # Galapagos Time
813
814# Falklands
815
816# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
817# Between 1990 and 2000 inclusive, Shanks & Pottenger and the IATA agree except
818# the IATA gives 1996-09-08.  Go with Shanks & Pottenger.
819
820# From Falkland Islands Government Office, London (2001-01-22)
821# via Jesper Norgaard:
822# ... the clocks revert back to Local Mean Time at 2 am on Sunday 15
823# April 2001 and advance one hour to summer time at 2 am on Sunday 2
824# September.  It is anticipated that the clocks will revert back at 2
825# am on Sunday 21 April 2002 and advance to summer time at 2 am on
826# Sunday 1 September.
827
828# From Rives McDow (2001-02-13):
829#
830# I have communicated several times with people there, and the last
831# time I had communications that was helpful was in 1998.  Here is
832# what was said then:
833#
834# "The general rule was that Stanley used daylight saving and the Camp
835# did not. However for various reasons many people in the Camp have
836# started to use daylight saving (known locally as 'Stanley Time')
837# There is no rule as to who uses daylight saving - it is a matter of
838# personal choice and so it is impossible to draw a map showing who
839# uses it and who does not. Any list would be out of date as soon as
840# it was produced. This year daylight saving ended on April 18/19th
841# and started again on September 12/13th.  I do not know what the rule
842# is, but can find out if you like.  We do not change at the same time
843# as UK or Chile."
844#
845# I did have in my notes that the rule was "Second Saturday in Sep at
846# 0:00 until third Saturday in Apr at 0:00".  I think that this does
847# not agree in some cases with Shanks; is this true?
848#
849# Also, there is no mention in the list that some areas in the
850# Falklands do not use DST.  I have found in my communications there
851# that these areas are on the western half of East Falkland and all of
852# West Falkland.  Stanley is the only place that consistently observes
853# DST.  Again, as in other places in the world, the farmers don't like
854# it.  West Falkland is almost entirely sheep farmers.
855#
856# I know one lady there that keeps a list of which farm keeps DST and
857# which doesn't each year.  She runs a shop in Stanley, and says that
858# the list changes each year.  She uses it to communicate to her
859# customers, catching them when they are home for lunch or dinner.
860
861# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-05):
862# For now, we'll just record the time in Stanley, since we have no
863# better info.
864
865# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
866Rule	Falk	1937	1938	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
867Rule	Falk	1938	1942	-	Mar	Sun>=19	0:00	0	-
868Rule	Falk	1939	only	-	Oct	1	0:00	1:00	S
869Rule	Falk	1940	1942	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
870Rule	Falk	1943	only	-	Jan	1	0:00	0	-
871Rule	Falk	1983	only	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
872Rule	Falk	1984	1985	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	0	-
873Rule	Falk	1984	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	1:00	S
874Rule	Falk	1985	2000	-	Sep	Sun>=9	0:00	1:00	S
875Rule	Falk	1986	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=16	0:00	0	-
876Rule	Falk	2001	max	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	0	-
877Rule	Falk	2001	max	-	Sep	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	S
878# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
879Zone Atlantic/Stanley	-3:51:24 -	LMT	1890
880			-3:51:24 -	SMT	1912 Mar 12  # Stanley Mean Time
881			-4:00	Falk	FK%sT	1983 May     # Falkland Is Time
882			-3:00	Falk	FK%sT	1985 Sep 15
883			-4:00	Falk	FK%sT
884
885# French Guiana
886# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
887Zone America/Cayenne	-3:29:20 -	LMT	1911 Jul
888			-4:00	-	GFT	1967 Oct # French Guiana Time
889			-3:00	-	GFT
890
891# Guyana
892# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
893Zone	America/Guyana	-3:52:40 -	LMT	1915 Mar	# Georgetown
894			-3:45	-	GBGT	1966 May 26 # Br Guiana Time
895			-3:45	-	GYT	1975 Jul 31 # Guyana Time
896			-3:00	-	GYT	1991
897# IATA SSIM (1996-06) says -4:00.  Assume a 1991 switch.
898			-4:00	-	GYT
899
900# Paraguay
901# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
902# Shanks & Pottenger say that spring transitions are from 01:00 -> 02:00,
903# and autumn transitions are from 00:00 -> 23:00.  Go with pre-1999
904# editions of Shanks, and with the IATA, who say transitions occur at 00:00.
905# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
906Rule	Para	1975	1988	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
907Rule	Para	1975	1978	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
908Rule	Para	1979	1991	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
909Rule	Para	1989	only	-	Oct	22	0:00	1:00	S
910Rule	Para	1990	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
911Rule	Para	1991	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00	1:00	S
912Rule	Para	1992	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
913Rule	Para	1992	only	-	Oct	 5	0:00	1:00	S
914Rule	Para	1993	only	-	Mar	31	0:00	0	-
915Rule	Para	1993	1995	-	Oct	 1	0:00	1:00	S
916Rule	Para	1994	1995	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	0	-
917Rule	Para	1996	only	-	Mar	 1	0:00	0	-
918# IATA SSIM (2000-02) says 1999-10-10; ignore this for now.
919# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-02):
920# I have three independent reports that Paraguay changed to DST this Sunday
921# (10-01).
922#
923# Translated by Gwillim Law (2001-02-27) from
924# <a href="http://www.diarionoticias.com.py/011000/nacional/naciona1.htm">
925# Noticias, a daily paper in Asuncion, Paraguay (2000-10-01)
926# </a>:
927# Starting at 0:00 today, the clock will be set forward 60 minutes, in
928# fulfillment of Decree No. 7,273 of the Executive Power....  The time change
929# system has been operating for several years.  Formerly there was a separate
930# decree each year; the new law has the same effect, but permanently.  Every
931# year, the time will change on the first Sunday of October; likewise, the
932# clock will be set back on the first Sunday of March.
933#
934Rule	Para	1996	2001	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
935# IATA SSIM (1997-09) says Mar 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
936Rule	Para	1997	only	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	0	-
937# Shanks & Pottenger say 1999-02-28; IATA SSIM (1999-02) says 1999-02-27, but
938# (1999-09) reports no date; go with above sources and Gerd Knops (2001-02-27).
939Rule	Para	1998	2001	-	Mar	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
940# From Rives McDow (2002-02-28):
941# A decree was issued in Paraguay (no. 16350) on 2002-02-26 that changed the
942# dst method to be from the first Sunday in September to the first Sunday in
943# April.
944Rule	Para	2002	2004	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	0	-
945Rule	Para	2002	2003	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	S
946#
947# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2005-01-02):
948# There are several sources that claim that Paraguay made
949# a timezone rule change in autumn 2004.
950# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-01-05):
951# Decree 1,867 (2004-03-05)
952# From Carlos Raul Perasso via Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-10-13)
953# <http://www.presidencia.gov.py/decretos/D1867.pdf>
954Rule	Para	2004	max	-	Oct	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	S
955Rule	Para	2005	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00	0	-
956
957# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
958Zone America/Asuncion	-3:50:40 -	LMT	1890
959			-3:50:40 -	AMT	1931 Oct 10 # Asuncion Mean Time
960			-4:00	-	PYT	1972 Oct # Paraguay Time
961			-3:00	-	PYT	1974 Apr
962			-4:00	Para	PY%sT
963
964# Peru
965#
966# <a href="news:xrGmb.39935$gA1.13896113@news4.srv.hcvlny.cv.net">
967# From Evelyn C. Leeper via Mark Brader (2003-10-26):</a>
968# When we were in Peru in 1985-1986, they apparently switched over
969# sometime between December 29 and January 3 while we were on the Amazon.
970#
971# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
972# Shanks & Pottenger don't have this transition.  Assume 1986 was like 1987.
973
974# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
975Rule	Peru	1938	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
976Rule	Peru	1938	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
977Rule	Peru	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	1:00	S
978Rule	Peru	1939	1940	-	Mar	Sun>=24	0:00	0	-
979Rule	Peru	1986	1987	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
980Rule	Peru	1986	1987	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
981Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
982Rule	Peru	1990	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
983# IATA is ambiguous for 1993/1995; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
984Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Jan	 1	0:00	1:00	S
985Rule	Peru	1994	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	0	-
986# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
987Zone	America/Lima	-5:08:12 -	LMT	1890
988			-5:08:36 -	LMT	1908 Jul 28 # Lima Mean Time?
989			-5:00	Peru	PE%sT	# Peru Time
990
991# South Georgia
992# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
993Zone Atlantic/South_Georgia -2:26:08 -	LMT	1890		# Grytviken
994			-2:00	-	GST	# South Georgia Time
995
996# South Sandwich Is
997# uninhabited; scientific personnel have wintered
998
999# Suriname
1000# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1001Zone America/Paramaribo	-3:40:40 -	LMT	1911
1002			-3:40:52 -	PMT	1935     # Paramaribo Mean Time
1003			-3:40:36 -	PMT	1945 Oct # The capital moved?
1004			-3:30	-	NEGT	1975 Nov 20 # Dutch Guiana Time
1005			-3:30	-	SRT	1984 Oct # Suriname Time
1006			-3:00	-	SRT
1007
1008# Trinidad and Tobago
1009# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1010Zone America/Port_of_Spain -4:06:04 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
1011			-4:00	-	AST
1012
1013# Uruguay
1014# From Paul Eggert (1993-11-18):
1015# Uruguay wins the prize for the strangest peacetime manipulation of the rules.
1016# From Shanks & Pottenger:
1017# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1018# Whitman gives 1923 Oct 1; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1019Rule	Uruguay	1923	only	-	Oct	 2	 0:00	0:30	HS
1020Rule	Uruguay	1924	1926	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
1021Rule	Uruguay	1924	1925	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
1022Rule	Uruguay	1933	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	HS
1023# Shanks & Pottenger give 1935 Apr 1 0:00 & 1936 Mar 30 0:00; go with Whitman.
1024Rule	Uruguay	1934	1936	-	Mar	Sat>=25	23:30s	0	-
1025Rule	Uruguay	1936	only	-	Nov	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
1026Rule	Uruguay	1937	1941	-	Mar	lastSun	 0:00	0	-
1027# Whitman gives 1937 Oct 3; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1028Rule	Uruguay	1937	1940	-	Oct	lastSun	 0:00	0:30	HS
1029# Whitman gives 1941 Oct 24 - 1942 Mar 27, 1942 Dec 14 - 1943 Apr 13,
1030# and 1943 Apr 13 ``to present time''; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1031Rule	Uruguay	1941	only	-	Aug	 1	 0:00	0:30	HS
1032Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Jan	 1	 0:00	0	-
1033Rule	Uruguay	1942	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	S
1034Rule	Uruguay	1943	only	-	Mar	14	 0:00	0	-
1035Rule	Uruguay	1959	only	-	May	24	 0:00	1:00	S
1036Rule	Uruguay	1959	only	-	Nov	15	 0:00	0	-
1037Rule	Uruguay	1960	only	-	Jan	17	 0:00	1:00	S
1038Rule	Uruguay	1960	only	-	Mar	 6	 0:00	0	-
1039Rule	Uruguay	1965	1967	-	Apr	Sun>=1	 0:00	1:00	S
1040Rule	Uruguay	1965	only	-	Sep	26	 0:00	0	-
1041Rule	Uruguay	1966	1967	-	Oct	31	 0:00	0	-
1042Rule	Uruguay	1968	1970	-	May	27	 0:00	0:30	HS
1043Rule	Uruguay	1968	1970	-	Dec	 2	 0:00	0	-
1044Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Apr	24	 0:00	1:00	S
1045Rule	Uruguay	1972	only	-	Aug	15	 0:00	0	-
1046Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Mar	10	 0:00	0:30	HS
1047Rule	Uruguay	1974	only	-	Dec	22	 0:00	1:00	S
1048Rule	Uruguay	1976	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	0	-
1049Rule	Uruguay	1977	only	-	Dec	 4	 0:00	1:00	S
1050Rule	Uruguay	1978	only	-	Apr	 1	 0:00	0	-
1051Rule	Uruguay	1979	only	-	Oct	 1	 0:00	1:00	S
1052Rule	Uruguay	1980	only	-	May	 1	 0:00	0	-
1053Rule	Uruguay	1987	only	-	Dec	14	 0:00	1:00	S
1054Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Mar	14	 0:00	0	-
1055Rule	Uruguay	1988	only	-	Dec	11	 0:00	1:00	S
1056Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Mar	12	 0:00	0	-
1057Rule	Uruguay	1989	only	-	Oct	29	 0:00	1:00	S
1058# Shanks & Pottenger say no DST was observed in 1990/1 and 1991/2,
1059# and that 1992/3's DST was from 10-25 to 03-01.  Go with IATA.
1060Rule	Uruguay	1990	1992	-	Mar	Sun>=1	 0:00	0	-
1061Rule	Uruguay	1990	1991	-	Oct	Sun>=21	 0:00	1:00	S
1062Rule	Uruguay	1992	only	-	Oct	18	 0:00	1:00	S
1063Rule	Uruguay	1993	only	-	Feb	28	 0:00	0	-
1064# From Eduardo Cota (2004-09-20):
1065# The uruguayan government has decreed a change in the local time....
1066# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/decretos/2004091502.htm
1067Rule	Uruguay	2004	only	-	Sep	19	 0:00	1:00	S
1068# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-03-11):
1069# Uruguay's DST was scheduled to end on Sunday, 2005-03-13, but in order to
1070# save energy ... it was postponed two weeks....
1071# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/noticias/2005/03/2005031005.htm
1072Rule	Uruguay	2005	only	-	Mar	27	 2:00	0	-
1073# From Eduardo Cota (2005-09-27):
1074# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_Web/decretos/2005/09/CM%20119_09%2009%202005_00001.PDF
1075# This means that from 2005-10-09 at 02:00 local time, until 2006-03-12 at
1076# 02:00 local time, official time in Uruguay will be at GMT -2.
1077Rule	Uruguay	2005	only	-	Oct	 9	 2:00	1:00	S
1078Rule	Uruguay	2006	only	-	Mar	12	 2:00	0	-
1079# From Jesper Norgaard Welen (2006-09-06):
1080# http://www.presidencia.gub.uy/_web/decretos/2006/09/CM%20210_08%2006%202006_00001.PDF
1081Rule	Uruguay	2006	max	-	Oct	Sun>=1	 2:00	1:00	S
1082Rule	Uruguay	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	 2:00	0	-
1083# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1084Zone America/Montevideo	-3:44:44 -	LMT	1898 Jun 28
1085			-3:44:44 -	MMT	1920 May  1	# Montevideo MT
1086			-3:30	Uruguay	UY%sT	1942 Dec 14	# Uruguay Time
1087			-3:00	Uruguay	UY%sT
1088
1089# Venezuela
1090# Zone	NAME		GMTOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1091Zone	America/Caracas	-4:27:44 -	LMT	1890
1092			-4:27:40 -	CMT	1912 Feb 12 # Caracas Mean Time?
1093			-4:30	-	VET	1965	     # Venezuela Time
1094			-4:00	-	VET
1095