1# tzdb data for North and Central America and environs
2
3# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of
4# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson.
5
6# also includes Central America and the Caribbean
7
8# This file is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better,
9# go ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
10# tz@iana.org for general use in the future).  For more, please see
11# the file CONTRIBUTING in the tz distribution.
12
13# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-22):
14# A reliable and entertaining source about time zones is
15# Derek Howse, Greenwich time and longitude, Philip Wilson Publishers (1997).
16
17###############################################################################
18
19# United States
20
21# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
22# Howse writes (pp 121-125) that time zones were invented by
23# Professor Charles Ferdinand Dowd (1825-1904),
24# Principal of Temple Grove Ladies' Seminary (Saratoga Springs, NY).
25# His pamphlet "A System of National Time for Railroads" (1870)
26# was the result of his proposals at the Convention of Railroad Trunk Lines
27# in New York City (1869-10).  His 1870 proposal was based on Washington, DC,
28# but in 1872-05 he moved the proposed origin to Greenwich.
29
30# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
31# Dowd's proposal left many details unresolved, such as where to draw
32# lines between time zones.  The key individual who made time zones
33# work in the US was William Frederick Allen - railway engineer,
34# managing editor of the Travelers' Guide, and secretary of the
35# General Time Convention, a railway standardization group.  Allen
36# spent months in dialogs with scientific and railway leaders,
37# developed a workable plan to institute time zones, and presented it
38# to the General Time Convention on 1883-04-11, saying that his plan
39# meant "local time would be practically abolished" - a plus for
40# railway scheduling.  By the next convention on 1883-10-11 nearly all
41# railroads had agreed and it took effect on 1883-11-18.  That Sunday
42# was called the "day of two noons", as some locations observed noon
43# twice.  Allen witnessed the transition in New York City, writing:
44#
45#   I heard the bells of St. Paul's strike on the old time.  Four
46#   minutes later, obedient to the electrical signal from the Naval
47#   Observatory ... the time-ball made its rapid descent, the chimes
48#   of old Trinity rang twelve measured strokes, and local time was
49#   abandoned, probably forever.
50#
51# Most of the US soon followed suit.  See:
52# Bartky IR. The adoption of standard time. Technol Cult 1989 Jan;30(1):25-56.
53# https://dx.doi.org/10.2307/3105430
54
55# From Paul Eggert (2005-04-16):
56# That 1883 transition occurred at 12:00 new time, not at 12:00 old time.
57# See p 46 of David Prerau, Seize the daylight, Thunder's Mouth Press (2005).
58
59# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
60# A good source for time zone historical data in the US is
61# Thomas G. Shanks, The American Atlas (5th edition),
62# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (1991).
63# Make sure you have the errata sheet; the book is somewhat useless without it.
64# It is the source for most of the pre-1991 US entries below.
65
66# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
67# Daylight Saving Time was first suggested as a joke by Benjamin Franklin
68# in his whimsical essay "An Economical Project for Diminishing the Cost
69# of Light" published in the Journal de Paris (1784-04-26).
70# Not everyone is happy with the results:
71#
72#	I don't really care how time is reckoned so long as there is some
73#	agreement about it, but I object to being told that I am saving
74#	daylight when my reason tells me that I am doing nothing of the kind.
75#	I even object to the implication that I am wasting something
76#	valuable if I stay in bed after the sun has risen.  As an admirer
77#	of moonlight I resent the bossy insistence of those who want to
78#	reduce my time for enjoying it.  At the back of the Daylight Saving
79#	scheme I detect the bony, blue-fingered hand of Puritanism, eager
80#	to push people into bed earlier, and get them up earlier, to make
81#	them healthy, wealthy and wise in spite of themselves.
82#
83#	 -- Robertson Davies, The diary of Samuel Marchbanks,
84#	   Clarke, Irwin (1947), XIX, Sunday
85#
86# For more about the first ten years of DST in the United States, see
87# Robert Garland, Ten years of daylight saving from the Pittsburgh standpoint
88# (Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh, 1927).
89# http://www.clpgh.org/exhibit/dst.html
90#
91# Shanks says that DST was called "War Time" in the US in 1918 and 1919.
92# However, DST was imposed by the Standard Time Act of 1918, which
93# was the first nationwide legal time standard, and apparently
94# time was just called "Standard Time" or "Daylight Saving Time".
95
96# From Paul Eggert (2019-06-04):
97# Here is the legal basis for the US federal rules.
98# * Public Law 65-106 (1918-03-19) implemented standard and daylight saving
99#   time for the first time across the US, springing forward on March's last
100#   Sunday and falling back on October's last Sunday.
101#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/65th-congress/session-2/c65s2ch24.pdf
102# * Public Law 66-40 (1919-08-20) repealed DST on October 1919's last Sunday.
103#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/66th-congress/session-1/c66s1ch51.pdf
104# * Public Law 77-403 (1942-01-20) started wartime DST on 1942-02-09.
105#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/77th-congress/session-2/c77s2ch7.pdf
106# * Public Law 79-187 (1945-09-25) ended wartime DST on 1945-09-30.
107#   https://www.loc.gov/law/help/statutes-at-large/79th-congress/session-1/c79s1ch388.pdf
108# * Public Law 89-387 (1966-04-13) reinstituted a national standard for DST,
109#   from April's last Sunday to October's last Sunday, effective 1967.
110#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-80/pdf/STATUTE-80-Pg107.pdf
111# * Public Law 93-182 (1973-12-15) moved the 1974 spring-forward to 01-06.
112#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-87/pdf/STATUTE-87-Pg707.pdf
113# * Public Law 93-434 (1974-10-05) moved the 1975 spring-forward to
114#   February's last Sunday.
115#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-88/pdf/STATUTE-88-Pg1209.pdf
116# * Public Law 99-359 (1986-07-08) moved the spring-forward to April's first
117#   Sunday.
118#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/STATUTE-100/pdf/STATUTE-100-Pg764.pdf
119# * Public Law 109-58 (2005-08-08), effective 2007, moved the spring-forward
120#   to March's second Sunday and the fall-back to November's first Sunday.
121#   https://www.govinfo.gov/content/pkg/PLAW-109publ58/pdf/PLAW-109publ58.pdf
122# All transitions are at 02:00 local time.
123
124# From Arthur David Olson:
125# Before the Uniform Time Act of 1966 took effect in 1967, observance of
126# Daylight Saving Time in the US was by local option, except during wartime.
127
128# From Arthur David Olson (2000-09-25):
129# Last night I heard part of a rebroadcast of a 1945 Arch Oboler radio drama.
130# In the introduction, Oboler spoke of "Eastern Peace Time."
131# An AltaVista search turned up:
132# https://web.archive.org/web/20000926032210/http://rowayton.org/rhs/hstaug45.html
133# "When the time is announced over the radio now, it is 'Eastern Peace
134# Time' instead of the old familiar 'Eastern War Time.'  Peace is wonderful."
135# (August 1945) by way of confirmation.
136#
137# From Paul Eggert (2017-09-23):
138# This was the V-J Day issue of the Clamdigger, a Rowayton, CT newsletter.
139
140# From Joseph Gallant citing
141# George H. Douglas, _The Early Days of Radio Broadcasting_ (1987):
142# At 7 P.M. (Eastern War Time) [on 1945-08-14], the networks were set
143# to switch to London for Attlee's address, but the American people
144# never got to hear his speech live. According to one press account,
145# CBS' Bob Trout was first to announce the word of Japan's surrender,
146# but a few seconds later, NBC, ABC and Mutual also flashed the word
147# of surrender, all of whom interrupting the bells of Big Ben in
148# London which were to precede Mr. Attlee's speech.
149
150# From Paul Eggert (2003-02-09): It was Robert St John, not Bob Trout.  From
151# Myrna Oliver's obituary of St John on page B16 of today's Los Angeles Times:
152#
153# ... a war-weary U.S. clung to radios, awaiting word of Japan's surrender.
154# Any announcement from Asia would reach St. John's New York newsroom on a
155# wire service teletype machine, which had prescribed signals for major news.
156# Associated Press, for example, would ring five bells before spewing out
157# typed copy of an important story, and 10 bells for news "of transcendental
158# importance."
159#
160# On Aug. 14, stalling while talking steadily into the NBC networks' open
161# microphone, St. John heard five bells and waited only to hear a sixth bell,
162# before announcing confidently: "Ladies and gentlemen, World War II is over.
163# The Japanese have agreed to our surrender terms."
164#
165# He had scored a 20-second scoop on other broadcasters.
166
167# From Arthur David Olson (2005-08-22):
168# Paul has been careful to use the "US" rules only in those locations
169# that are part of the United States; this reflects the real scope of
170# U.S. government action.  So even though the "US" rules have changed
171# in the latest release, other countries won't be affected.
172
173# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
174Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
175Rule	US	1918	1919	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
176Rule	US	1942	only	-	Feb	9	2:00	1:00	W # War
177Rule	US	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
178Rule	US	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
179Rule	US	1967	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
180Rule	US	1967	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
181Rule	US	1974	only	-	Jan	6	2:00	1:00	D
182Rule	US	1975	only	-	Feb	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
183Rule	US	1976	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
184Rule	US	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
185Rule	US	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
186Rule	US	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
187
188# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-12-19
189# We generate the files specified below to guard against old files with
190# obsolete information being left in the time zone binary directory.
191# We limit the list to names that have appeared in previous versions of
192# this time zone package.
193# We do these as separate Zones rather than as Links to avoid problems if
194# a particular place changes whether it observes DST.
195# We put these specifications here in the northamerica file both to
196# increase the chances that they'll actually get compiled and to
197# avoid the need to duplicate the US rules in another file.
198
199# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
200Zone	EST		 -5:00	-	EST
201Zone	MST		 -7:00	-	MST
202Zone	HST		-10:00	-	HST
203Zone	EST5EDT		 -5:00	US	E%sT
204Zone	CST6CDT		 -6:00	US	C%sT
205Zone	MST7MDT		 -7:00	US	M%sT
206Zone	PST8PDT		 -8:00	US	P%sT
207
208# From U. S. Naval Observatory (1989-01-19):
209# USA  EASTERN       5 H  BEHIND UTC    NEW YORK, WASHINGTON
210# USA  EASTERN       4 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
211# USA  CENTRAL       6 H  BEHIND UTC    CHICAGO, HOUSTON
212# USA  CENTRAL       5 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
213# USA  MOUNTAIN      7 H  BEHIND UTC    DENVER
214# USA  MOUNTAIN      6 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
215# USA  PACIFIC       8 H  BEHIND UTC    L.A., SAN FRANCISCO
216# USA  PACIFIC       7 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
217# USA  ALASKA STD    9 H  BEHIND UTC    MOST OF ALASKA     (AKST)
218# USA  ALASKA STD    8 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30 (AKDT)
219# USA  ALEUTIAN     10 H  BEHIND UTC    ISLANDS WEST OF 170W
220# USA    "           9 H  BEHIND UTC    APR 3 - OCT 30
221# USA  HAWAII       10 H  BEHIND UTC
222# USA  BERING       11 H  BEHIND UTC    SAMOA, MIDWAY
223
224# From Arthur David Olson (1989-01-21):
225# The above dates are for 1988.
226# Note the "AKST" and "AKDT" abbreviations, the claim that there's
227# no DST in Samoa, and the claim that there is DST in Alaska and the
228# Aleutians.
229
230# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
231# Legal standard time zone names, from United States Code (1982 Edition and
232# Supplement III), Title 15, Chapter 6, Section 260 and forward.  First, names
233# up to 1967-04-01 (when most provisions of the Uniform Time Act of 1966
234# took effect), as explained in sections 263 and 261:
235#	(none)
236#	United States standard eastern time
237#	United States standard mountain time
238#	United States standard central time
239#	United States standard Pacific time
240#	(none)
241#	United States standard Alaska time
242#	(none)
243# Next, names from 1967-04-01 until 1983-11-30 (the date for
244# public law 98-181):
245#	Atlantic standard time
246#	eastern standard time
247#	central standard time
248#	mountain standard time
249#	Pacific standard time
250#	Yukon standard time
251#	Alaska-Hawaii standard time
252#	Bering standard time
253# And after 1983-11-30:
254#	Atlantic standard time
255#	eastern standard time
256#	central standard time
257#	mountain standard time
258#	Pacific standard time
259#	Alaska standard time
260#	Hawaii-Aleutian standard time
261#	Samoa standard time
262# The law doesn't give abbreviations.
263#
264# From Paul Eggert (2016-12-19):
265# Here are URLs for the 1918 and 1966 legislation:
266# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=40&page=451
267# http://uscode.house.gov/statviewer.htm?volume=80&page=108
268# Although the 1918 names were officially "United States Standard
269# Eastern Time" and similarly for "Central", "Mountain", "Pacific",
270# and "Alaska", in practice "Standard" was placed just before "Time",
271# as codified in 1966.  In practice, Alaska time was abbreviated "AST"
272# before 1968.  Summarizing the 1967 name changes:
273#	1918 names			1967 names
274#  -08	Standard Pacific Time (PST)	Pacific standard time (PST)
275#  -09	(unofficial) Yukon (YST)	Yukon standard time (YST)
276#  -10	Standard Alaska Time (AST)	Alaska-Hawaii standard time (AHST)
277#  -11	(unofficial) Nome (NST)		Bering standard time (BST)
278#
279# From Paul Eggert (2000-01-08), following a heads-up from Rives McDow:
280# Public law 106-564 (2000-12-23) introduced ... "Chamorro Standard Time"
281# for time in Guam and the Northern Marianas.  See the file "australasia".
282#
283# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-17):
284# HST and HDT are standardized abbreviations for Hawaii-Aleutian
285# standard and daylight times.  See section 9.47 (p 234) of the
286# U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual (2008)
287# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008/pdf/GPO-STYLEMANUAL-2008.pdf
288
289# From Arthur David Olson, 2005-08-09
290# The following was signed into law on 2005-08-08.
291#
292# H.R. 6, Energy Policy Act of 2005, SEC. 110. DAYLIGHT SAVINGS.
293#   (a) Amendment.--Section 3(a) of the Uniform Time Act of 1966 (15
294#   U.S.C. 260a(a)) is amended--
295#     (1) by striking "first Sunday of April" and inserting "second
296#     Sunday of March"; and
297#     (2) by striking "last Sunday of October" and inserting "first
298#     Sunday of November'.
299#   (b) Effective Date.--Subsection (a) shall take effect 1 year after the
300#   date of enactment of this Act or March 1, 2007, whichever is later.
301#   (c) Report to Congress.--Not later than 9 months after the effective
302#   date stated in subsection (b), the Secretary shall report to Congress
303#   on the impact of this section on energy consumption in the United
304#   States.
305#   (d) Right to Revert.--Congress retains the right to revert the
306#   Daylight Saving Time back to the 2005 time schedules once the
307#   Department study is complete.
308
309# US eastern time, represented by New York
310
311# Connecticut, Delaware, District of Columbia, most of Florida,
312# Georgia, southeast Indiana (Dearborn and Ohio counties), eastern Kentucky
313# (except America/Kentucky/Louisville below), Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts,
314# New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, North Carolina, Ohio,
315# Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, South Carolina, eastern Tennessee,
316# Vermont, Virginia, West Virginia
317
318# From Dave Cantor (2004-11-02):
319# Early this summer I had the occasion to visit the Mount Washington
320# Observatory weather station atop (of course!) Mount Washington [, NH]....
321# One of the staff members said that the station was on Eastern Standard Time
322# and didn't change their clocks for Daylight Saving ... so that their
323# reports will always have times which are 5 hours behind UTC.
324
325# From Paul Eggert (2005-08-26):
326# According to today's Huntsville Times
327# http://www.al.com/news/huntsvilletimes/index.ssf?/base/news/1125047783228320.xml&coll=1
328# a few towns on Alabama's "eastern border with Georgia, such as Phenix City
329# in Russell County, Lanett in Chambers County and some towns in Lee County,
330# set their watches and clocks on Eastern time."  It quotes H.H. "Bubba"
331# Roberts, city administrator in Phenix City. as saying "We are in the Central
332# time zone, but we do go by the Eastern time zone because so many people work
333# in Columbus."
334#
335# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-22):
336# Four cities are involved.  The two not mentioned above are Smiths Station
337# and Valley.  Barbara Brooks, Valley's assistant treasurer, heard it started
338# because West Point Pepperell textile mills were in Alabama while the
339# corporate office was in Georgia, and residents voted to keep Eastern
340# time even after the mills closed.  See: Kazek K. Did you know which
341# Alabama towns are in a different time zone?  al.com 2017-02-06.
342# http://www.al.com/living/index.ssf/2017/02/do_you_know_which_alabama_town.html
343
344# From Paul Eggert (2014-09-06):
345# Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 44, 4 (1884-02-08), 208
346# says that New York City Hall time was 3 minutes 58.4 seconds fast of
347# Eastern time (i.e., -4:56:01.6) just before the 1883 switch.  Round to the
348# nearest second.
349
350# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
351Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
352Rule	NYC	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
353Rule	NYC	1921	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
354Rule	NYC	1921	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
355Rule	NYC	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
356# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
357Zone America/New_York	-4:56:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:03:58
358			-5:00	US	E%sT	1920
359			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1942
360			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
361			-5:00	NYC	E%sT	1967
362			-5:00	US	E%sT
363
364# US central time, represented by Chicago
365
366# Alabama, Arkansas, Florida panhandle (Bay, Calhoun, Escambia,
367# Gulf, Holmes, Jackson, Okaloosa, Santa Rosa, Walton, and
368# Washington counties), Illinois, western Indiana
369# (Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
370# Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties), Iowa, most of Kansas, western
371# Kentucky, Louisiana, Minnesota, Mississippi, Missouri, eastern
372# Nebraska, eastern North Dakota, Oklahoma, eastern South Dakota,
373# western Tennessee, most of Texas, Wisconsin
374
375# From Paul Eggert (2018-01-07):
376# In 1869 the Chicago Astronomical Society contracted with the city to keep
377# time.  Though delayed by the Great Fire, by 1880 a wire ran from the
378# Dearborn Observatory (on the University of Chicago campus) to City Hall,
379# which then sent signals to police and fire stations.  However, railroads got
380# their time signals from the Allegheny Observatory, the Madison Observatory,
381# the Ann Arbor Observatory, etc., so their clocks did not agree with each
382# other or with the city's official time.  The confusion took some years to
383# clear up.  See:
384# Moser M. How Chicago gave America its time zones. Chicago. 2018-01-04.
385# http://www.chicagomag.com/city-life/January-2018/How-Chicago-Gave-America-Its-Time-Zones/
386
387# From Larry M. Smith (2006-04-26) re Wisconsin:
388# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/statutes/statutes/175.pdf
389# is currently enforced at the 01:00 time of change.  Because the local
390# "bar time" in the state corresponds to 02:00, a number of citations
391# are issued for the "sale of class 'B' alcohol after prohibited
392# hours" within the deviated hour of this change every year....
393#
394# From Douglas R. Bomberg (2007-03-12):
395# Wisconsin has enacted (nearly eleventh-hour) legislation to get WI
396# Statue 175 closer in synch with the US Congress' intent....
397# https://docs.legis.wisconsin.gov/2007/related/acts/3
398
399# From an email administrator of the City of Fort Pierre, SD (2015-12-21):
400# Fort Pierre is technically located in the Mountain time zone as is
401# the rest of Stanley County.  Most of Stanley County and Fort Pierre
402# uses the Central time zone due to doing most of their business in
403# Pierre so it simplifies schedules.  I have lived in Stanley County
404# all my life and it has been that way since I can remember.  (43 years!)
405#
406# From Paul Eggert (2015-12-25):
407# Assume this practice predates 1970, so Fort Pierre can use America/Chicago.
408
409# From Paul Eggert (2015-04-06):
410# In 1950s Nashville a public clock had dueling faces, one for conservatives
411# and the other for liberals; the two sides didn't agree about the time of day.
412# I haven't found a photo of this clock, nor have I tracked down the TIME
413# magazine report cited below, but here's the story as told by the late
414# American journalist John Seigenthaler, who was there:
415#
416# "The two [newspaper] owners held strongly contrasting political and
417# ideological views.  Evans was a New South liberal, Stahlman an Old South
418# conservative, and their two papers frequently clashed editorially, often on
419# the same day....  In the 1950s as the state legislature was grappling with
420# the question of whether to approve daylight saving time for the entire state,
421# TIME magazine reported:
422#
423# "'The Nashville Banner and The Nashville Tennessean rarely agree on anything
424# but the time of day - and last week they couldn't agree on that.'
425#
426# "It was all too true. The clock on the front of the building had two faces -
427# The Tennessean side of the building facing west, the other, east.  When it
428# was high noon Banner time, it was 11 a.m. Tennessean time."
429#
430# Seigenthaler J. For 100 years, Tennessean had it covered.
431# The Tennessean 2007-05-11, republished 2015-04-06.
432# https://www.tennessean.com/story/insider/extras/2015/04/06/archives-seigenthaler-for-100-years-the-tennessean-had-it-covered/25348545/
433
434# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
435Rule	Chicago	1920	only	-	Jun	13	2:00	1:00	D
436Rule	Chicago	1920	1921	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
437Rule	Chicago	1921	only	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
438Rule	Chicago	1922	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
439Rule	Chicago	1922	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
440Rule	Chicago	1955	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
441# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
442Zone America/Chicago	-5:50:36 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:24
443			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
444			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1936 Mar  1  2:00
445			-5:00	-	EST	1936 Nov 15  2:00
446			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1942
447			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
448			-6:00	Chicago	C%sT	1967
449			-6:00	US	C%sT
450# Oliver County, ND switched from mountain to central time on 1992-10-25.
451Zone America/North_Dakota/Center -6:45:12 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:48
452			-7:00	US	M%sT	1992 Oct 25  2:00
453			-6:00	US	C%sT
454# Morton County, ND, switched from mountain to central time on
455# 2003-10-26, except for the area around Mandan which was already central time.
456# See <http://dmses.dot.gov/docimages/p63/135818.pdf>.
457# Officially this switch also included part of Sioux County, and
458# Jones, Mellette, and Todd Counties in South Dakota;
459# but in practice these other counties were already observing central time.
460# See <http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA-IMPACT/2003/October/Day-28/i27056.htm>.
461Zone America/North_Dakota/New_Salem -6:45:39 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:21
462			-7:00	US	M%sT	2003 Oct 26  2:00
463			-6:00	US	C%sT
464
465# From Josh Findley (2011-01-21):
466# ...it appears that Mercer County, North Dakota, changed from the
467# mountain time zone to the central time zone at the last transition from
468# daylight-saving to standard time (on Nov. 7, 2010):
469# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2010-09-29/html/2010-24376.htm
470# http://www.bismarcktribune.com/news/local/article_1eb1b588-c758-11df-b472-001cc4c03286.html
471
472# From Andy Lipscomb (2011-01-24):
473# ...according to the Census Bureau, the largest city is Beulah (although
474# it's commonly referred to as Beulah-Hazen, with Hazen being the next
475# largest city in Mercer County).  Google Maps places Beulah's city hall
476# at 47° 15' 51" N, 101° 46' 40" W, which yields an offset of 6h47'07".
477
478Zone America/North_Dakota/Beulah -6:47:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:53
479			-7:00	US	M%sT	2010 Nov  7  2:00
480			-6:00	US	C%sT
481
482# US mountain time, represented by Denver
483#
484# Colorado, far western Kansas, Montana, western
485# Nebraska, Nevada border (Jackpot, Owyhee, and Mountain City),
486# New Mexico, southwestern North Dakota,
487# western South Dakota, far western Texas (El Paso County, Hudspeth County,
488# and Pine Springs and Nickel Creek in Culberson County), Utah, Wyoming
489#
490# From Paul Eggert (2018-10-25):
491# On 1921-03-04 federal law placed all of Texas into the central time zone.
492# However, El Paso ignored the law for decades and continued to observe
493# mountain time, on the grounds that that's what they had always done
494# and they weren't about to let the federal government tell them what to do.
495# Eventually the federal government gave in and changed the law on
496# 1970-04-10 to match what El Paso was actually doing.  Although
497# that's slightly after our 1970 cutoff, there is no need to create a
498# separate zone for El Paso since they were ignoring the law anyway.  See:
499# Long T. El Pasoans were time rebels, fought to stay in Mountain zone.
500# El Paso Times. 2018-10-24 06:40 -06.
501# https://www.elpasotimes.com/story/news/local/el-paso/2018/10/24/el-pasoans-were-time-rebels-fought-stay-mountain-zone/1744509002/
502#
503# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
504Rule	Denver	1920	1921	-	Mar	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
505Rule	Denver	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
506Rule	Denver	1921	only	-	May	22	2:00	0	S
507Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
508Rule	Denver	1965	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
509# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
510Zone America/Denver	-6:59:56 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:00:04
511			-7:00	US	M%sT	1920
512			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1942
513			-7:00	US	M%sT	1946
514			-7:00	Denver	M%sT	1967
515			-7:00	US	M%sT
516
517# US Pacific time, represented by Los Angeles
518#
519# California, northern Idaho (Benewah, Bonner, Boundary, Clearwater,
520# Kootenai, Latah, Lewis, Nez Perce, and Shoshone counties, Idaho county
521# north of the Salmon River, and the towns of Burgdorf and Warren),
522# Nevada (except West Wendover), Oregon (except the northern ¾ of
523# Malheur county), and Washington
524
525# From Paul Eggert (2016-08-20):
526# In early February 1948, in response to California's electricity shortage,
527# PG&E changed power frequency from 60 to 59.5 Hz during daylight hours,
528# causing electric clocks to lose six minutes per day.  (This did not change
529# legal time, and is not part of the data here.)  See:
530# Ross SA. An energy crisis from the past: Northern California in 1948.
531# Working Paper No. 8, Institute of Governmental Studies, UC Berkeley,
532# 1973-11.  https://escholarship.org/uc/item/8x22k30c
533#
534# In another measure to save electricity, DST was instituted from 1948-03-14
535# at 02:01 to 1949-01-16 at 02:00, with the governor having the option to move
536# the fallback transition earlier.  See pages 3-4 of:
537# http://clerk.assembly.ca.gov/sites/clerk.assembly.ca.gov/files/archive/Statutes/1948/48Vol1_Chapters.pdf
538#
539# In response:
540#
541#   Governor Warren received a torrent of objecting mail, and it is not too much
542#   to speculate that the objections to Daylight Saving Time were one important
543#   factor in the defeat of the Dewey-Warren Presidential ticket in California.
544#     -- Ross, p 25
545#
546# On December 8 the governor exercised the option, setting the date to January 1
547# (LA Times 1948-12-09).  The transition time was 02:00 (LA Times 1949-01-01).
548#
549# Despite the controversy, in 1949 California voters approved Proposition 12,
550# which established DST from April's last Sunday at 01:00 until September's
551# last Sunday at 02:00. This was amended by 1962's Proposition 6, which changed
552# the fall-back date to October's last Sunday. See:
553# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1501&context=ca_ballot_props
554# https://repository.uchastings.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1636&context=ca_ballot_props
555#
556# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
557Rule	CA	1948	only	-	Mar	14	2:01	1:00	D
558Rule	CA	1949	only	-	Jan	 1	2:00	0	S
559Rule	CA	1950	1966	-	Apr	lastSun	1:00	1:00	D
560Rule	CA	1950	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
561Rule	CA	1962	1966	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
562# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
563Zone America/Los_Angeles -7:52:58 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:07:02
564			-8:00	US	P%sT	1946
565			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1967
566			-8:00	US	P%sT
567
568# Alaska
569# AK%sT is the modern abbreviation for -09 per USNO.
570#
571# From Paul Eggert (2017-06-15):
572# Howse writes that Alaska switched from the Julian to the Gregorian calendar,
573# and from east-of-GMT to west-of-GMT days, when the US bought it from Russia.
574# On Friday, 1867-10-18 (Gregorian), at precisely 15:30 local time, the
575# Russian forts and fleet at Sitka fired salutes to mark the ceremony of
576# formal transfer.  See the Sacramento Daily Union (1867-11-14), p 3, col 2.
577# https://cdnc.ucr.edu/cgi-bin/cdnc?a=d&d=SDU18671114.2.12.1
578# Sitka workers did not change their calendars until Sunday, 1867-10-20,
579# and so celebrated two Sundays that week.  See: Ahllund T (tr Hallamaa P).
580# From the memoirs of a Finnish workman. Alaska History. 2006 Fall;21(2):1-25.
581# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/12/Ahllund-2006-Memoirs-of-a-Finnish-Workman.pdf
582# Include only the time zone part of this transition, ignoring the switch
583# from Julian to Gregorian, since we can't represent the Julian calendar.
584#
585# As far as we know, of the locations mentioned below only Sitka was
586# permanently inhabited in 1867 by anyone using either calendar.
587# (Yakutat was colonized by the Russians in 1799, but the settlement was
588# destroyed in 1805 by a Yakutat-kon war party.)  Many of Alaska's inhabitants
589# were unaware of the US acquisition of Alaska, much less of any calendar or
590# time change.  However, the Russian-influenced part of Alaska did observe
591# Russian time, and it is more accurate to model this than to ignore it.
592# The database format requires an exact transition time; use the Russian
593# salute as a somewhat-arbitrary time for the formal transfer of control for
594# all of Alaska.  Sitka's UTC offset is -9:01:13; adjust its 15:30 to the
595# local times of other Alaskan locations so that they change simultaneously.
596
597# From Paul Eggert (2014-07-18):
598# One opinion of the early-1980s turmoil in Alaska over time zones and
599# daylight saving time appeared as graffiti on a Juneau airport wall:
600# "Welcome to Juneau.  Please turn your watch back to the 19th century."
601# See: Turner W. Alaska's four time zones now two. NY Times 1983-11-01.
602# http://www.nytimes.com/1983/11/01/us/alaska-s-four-time-zones-now-two.html
603#
604# Steve Ferguson (2011-01-31) referred to the following source:
605# Norris F. Keeping time in Alaska: national directives, local response.
606# Alaska History 2001;16(1-2).
607# http://alaskahistoricalsociety.org/discover-alaska/glimpses-of-the-past/keeping-time-in-alaska/
608
609# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-01):
610# Here's database-relevant material from the 2001 "Alaska History" article:
611#
612# On September 20 [1979]...DOT...officials decreed that on April 27,
613# 1980, Juneau and other nearby communities would move to Yukon Time.
614# Sitka, Petersburg, Wrangell, and Ketchikan, however, would remain on
615# Pacific Time.
616#
617# ...on September 22, 1980, DOT Secretary Neil E. Goldschmidt rescinded the
618# Department's September 1979 decision. Juneau and other communities in
619# northern Southeast reverted to Pacific Time on October 26.
620#
621# On October 28 [1983]...the Metlakatla Indian Community Council voted
622# unanimously to keep the reservation on Pacific Time.
623#
624# According to DOT official Joanne Petrie, Indian reservations are not
625# bound to follow time zones imposed by neighboring jurisdictions.
626#
627# (The last is consistent with how the database now handles the Navajo
628# Nation.)
629
630# From Arthur David Olson (2011-02-09):
631# I just spoke by phone with a staff member at the Metlakatla Indian
632# Community office (using contact information available at
633# http://www.commerce.state.ak.us/dca/commdb/CIS.cfm?Comm_Boro_name=Metlakatla
634# It's shortly after 1:00 here on the east coast of the United States;
635# the staffer said it was shortly after 10:00 there. When I asked whether
636# that meant they were on Pacific time, they said no - they were on their
637# own time. I asked about daylight saving; they said it wasn't used. I
638# did not inquire about practices in the past.
639
640# From Arthur David Olson (2011-08-17):
641# For lack of better information, assume that Metlakatla's
642# abandonment of use of daylight saving resulted from the 1983 vote.
643
644# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-11-09):
645# It seems Metlakatla did go off PST on Sunday, November 1, changing
646# their time to AKST and are going to follow Alaska's DST, switching
647# between AKST and AKDT from now on....
648# https://www.krbd.org/2015/10/30/annette-island-times-they-are-a-changing/
649
650# From Ryan Stanley (2018-11-06):
651# The Metlakatla community in Alaska has decided not to change its
652# clock back an hour starting on November 4th, 2018 (day before yesterday).
653# They will be gmtoff=-28800 year-round.
654# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/pb.141055983004923.-2207520000.1541465673./569081370202380/
655
656# From Paul Eggert (2018-12-16):
657# In a 2018-12-11 special election, Metlakatla voted to go back to
658# Alaska time (including daylight saving time) starting next year.
659# https://www.krbd.org/2018/12/12/metlakatla-to-follow-alaska-standard-time-allow-liquor-sales/
660#
661# From Ryan Stanley (2019-01-11):
662# The community will be changing back on the 20th of this month...
663# From Tim Parenti (2019-01-11):
664# Per an announcement on the Metlakatla community's official Facebook page, the
665# "fall back" will be on Sunday 2019-01-20 at 02:00:
666# https://www.facebook.com/141055983004923/photos/607150969728753/
667# So they won't be waiting for Alaska to join them on 2019-03-10, but will
668# rather change their clocks twice in seven weeks.
669
670# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
671Zone America/Juneau	 15:02:19 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:33:32
672			 -8:57:41 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
673			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
674			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
675			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
676			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1980 Apr 27  2:00
677			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1980 Oct 26  2:00
678			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
679			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
680			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
681Zone America/Sitka	 14:58:47 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:30
682			 -9:01:13 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
683			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
684			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
685			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
686			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
687			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
688			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
689Zone America/Metlakatla	 15:13:42 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:44:55
690			 -8:46:18 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
691			 -8:00	-	PST	1942
692			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1946
693			 -8:00	-	PST	1969
694			 -8:00	US	P%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
695			 -8:00	-	PST	2015 Nov  1  2:00
696			 -9:00	US	AK%sT	2018 Nov  4  2:00
697			 -8:00	-	PST	2019 Jan 20  2:00
698			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
699Zone America/Yakutat	 14:41:05 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 15:12:18
700			 -9:18:55 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
701			 -9:00	-	YST	1942
702			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1946
703			 -9:00	-	YST	1969
704			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
705			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
706Zone America/Anchorage	 14:00:24 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 14:31:37
707			 -9:59:36 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
708			-10:00	-	AST	1942
709			-10:00	US	A%sT	1967 Apr
710			-10:00	-	AHST	1969
711			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
712			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
713			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
714Zone America/Nome	 12:58:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 13:29:35
715			-11:01:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
716			-11:00	-	NST	1942
717			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
718			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
719			-11:00	-	BST	1969
720			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
721			 -9:00	US	Y%sT	1983 Nov 30
722			 -9:00	US	AK%sT
723Zone America/Adak	 12:13:22 -	LMT	1867 Oct 19 12:44:35
724			-11:46:38 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20 12:00
725			-11:00	-	NST	1942
726			-11:00	US	N%sT	1946
727			-11:00	-	NST	1967 Apr
728			-11:00	-	BST	1969
729			-11:00	US	B%sT	1983 Oct 30  2:00
730			-10:00	US	AH%sT	1983 Nov 30
731			-10:00	US	H%sT
732# The following switches don't quite make our 1970 cutoff.
733#
734# Shanks writes that part of southwest Alaska (e.g. Aniak)
735# switched from -11:00 to -10:00 on 1968-09-22 at 02:00,
736# and another part (e.g. Akiak) made the same switch five weeks later.
737#
738# From David Flater (2004-11-09):
739# In e-mail, 2004-11-02, Ray Hudson, historian/liaison to the Unalaska
740# Historic Preservation Commission, provided this information, which
741# suggests that Unalaska deviated from statutory time from early 1967
742# possibly until 1983:
743#
744#  Minutes of the Unalaska City Council Meeting, January 10, 1967:
745#  "Except for St. Paul and Akutan, Unalaska is the only important
746#  location not on Alaska Standard Time.  The following resolution was
747#  made by William Robinson and seconded by Henry Swanson: Be it
748#  resolved that the City of Unalaska hereby goes to Alaska Standard
749#  Time as of midnight Friday, January 13, 1967 (1 A.M. Saturday,
750#  January 14, Alaska Standard Time.)  This resolution was passed with
751#  three votes for and one against."
752
753# Hawaii
754
755# From Arthur David Olson (2010-12-09):
756# "Hawaiian Time" by Robert C. Schmitt and Doak C. Cox appears on pages 207-225
757# of volume 26 of The Hawaiian Journal of History (1992). As of 2010-12-09,
758# the article is available at
759# https://evols.library.manoa.hawaii.edu/bitstream/10524/239/2/JL26215.pdf
760# and indicates that standard time was adopted effective noon, January
761# 13, 1896 (page 218), that in "1933, the Legislature decreed daylight
762# saving for the period between the last Sunday of each April and the
763# last Sunday of each September, but less than a month later repealed the
764# act," (page 220), that year-round daylight saving time was in effect
765# from 1942-02-09 to 1945-09-30 (page 221, with no time of day given for
766# when clocks changed) and that clocks were changed by 30 minutes
767# effective the second Sunday of June, 1947 (page 219, with no time of
768# day given for when clocks changed). A footnote for the 1933 changes
769# cites Session Laws of Hawaii 1933, "Act. 90 (approved 26 Apr. 1933)
770# and Act 163 (approved 21 May 1933)."
771
772# From Arthur David Olson (2011-01-19):
773# The following is from "Laws of the Territory of Hawaii Passed by the
774# Seventeenth Legislature: Regular Session 1933," available (as of
775# 2011-01-19) at American University's Pence Law Library. Page 85: "Act
776# 90...At 2 o'clock ante meridian of the last Sunday in April of each
777# year, the standard time of this Territory shall be advanced one
778# hour...This Act shall take effect upon its approval. Approved this 26th
779# day of April, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M JUDD, Governor of the Territory of
780# Hawaii." Page 172: "Act 163...Act 90 of the Session Laws of 1933 is
781# hereby repealed...This Act shall take effect upon its approval, upon
782# which date the standard time of this Territory shall be restored to
783# that existing immediately prior to the taking effect of said Act 90.
784# Approved this 21st day of May, A. D. 1933. LAWRENCE M. JUDD, Governor
785# of the Territory of Hawaii."
786#
787# Note that 1933-05-21 was a Sunday.
788# We're left to guess the time of day when Act 163 was approved; guess noon.
789
790# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
791Zone Pacific/Honolulu	-10:31:26 -	LMT	1896 Jan 13 12:00
792			-10:30	-	HST	1933 Apr 30  2:00
793			-10:30	1:00	HDT	1933 May 21 12:00
794			-10:30	US	H%sT	1947 Jun  8  2:00
795			-10:00	-	HST
796
797# Now we turn to US areas that have diverged from the consensus since 1970.
798
799# Arizona mostly uses MST.
800
801# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-20):
802#
803# The information in the rest of this paragraph is derived from the
804# Daylight Saving Time web page
805# <http://www.dlapr.lib.az.us/links/daylight.htm> (2002-01-23)
806# maintained by the Arizona State Library, Archives and Public Records.
807# Between 1944-01-01 and 1944-04-01 the State of Arizona used standard
808# time, but by federal law railroads, airlines, bus lines, military
809# personnel, and some engaged in interstate commerce continued to
810# observe war (i.e., daylight saving) time.  The 1944-03-17 Phoenix
811# Gazette says that was the date the law changed, and that 04-01 was
812# the date the state's clocks would change.  In 1945 the State of
813# Arizona used standard time all year, again with exceptions only as
814# mandated by federal law.  Arizona observed DST in 1967, but Arizona
815# Laws 1968, ch. 183 (effective 1968-03-21) repealed DST.
816#
817# Shanks says the 1944 experiment came to an end on 1944-03-17.
818# Go with the Arizona State Library instead.
819
820# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
821Zone America/Phoenix	-7:28:18 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 11:31:42
822			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Jan  1  0:01
823			-7:00	-	MST	1944 Apr  1  0:01
824			-7:00	US	M%sT	1944 Oct  1  0:01
825			-7:00	-	MST	1967
826			-7:00	US	M%sT	1968 Mar 21
827			-7:00	-	MST
828# From Arthur David Olson (1988-02-13):
829# A writer from the Inter Tribal Council of Arizona, Inc.,
830# notes in private correspondence dated 1987-12-28 that "Presently, only the
831# Navajo Nation participates in the Daylight Saving Time policy, due to its
832# large size and location in three states."  (The "only" means that other
833# tribal nations don't use DST.)
834#
835# From Paul Eggert (2013-08-26):
836# See America/Denver for a zone appropriate for the Navajo Nation.
837
838# Southern Idaho (Ada, Adams, Bannock, Bear Lake, Bingham, Blaine,
839# Boise, Bonneville, Butte, Camas, Canyon, Caribou, Cassia, Clark,
840# Custer, Elmore, Franklin, Fremont, Gem, Gooding, Jefferson, Jerome,
841# Lemhi, Lincoln, Madison, Minidoka, Oneida, Owyhee, Payette, Power,
842# Teton, Twin Falls, Valley, Washington counties, and the southern
843# quarter of Idaho county) and eastern Oregon (most of Malheur County)
844# switched four weeks late in 1974.
845#
846# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
847Zone America/Boise	-7:44:49 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:11
848			-8:00	US	P%sT	1923 May 13  2:00
849			-7:00	US	M%sT	1974
850			-7:00	-	MST	1974 Feb  3  2:00
851			-7:00	US	M%sT
852
853# Indiana
854#
855# For a map of Indiana's time zone regions, see:
856# https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Time_in_Indiana
857#
858# From Paul Eggert (2018-11-30):
859# A brief but entertaining history of time in Indiana describes a 1949 debate
860# in the Indiana House where city legislators (who favored "fast time")
861# tussled with farm legislators (who didn't) over a bill to outlaw DST:
862#  "Lacking enough votes, the city faction tries to filibuster until time runs
863#   out on the session at midnight, but rural champion Rep. Herbert Copeland,
864#   R-Madison, leans over the gallery railing and forces the official clock
865#   back to 9 p.m., breaking it in the process.  The clock sticks on 9 as the
866#   debate rages on into the night.  The filibuster finally dies out and the
867#   bill passes, while outside the chamber, clocks read 3:30 a.m.  In the end,
868#   it doesn't matter which side won.  The law has no enforcement powers and
869#   is simply ignored by fast-time communities."
870# How Indiana went from 'God's time' to split zones and daylight-saving.
871# Indianapolis Star. 2018-11-27 14:58 -05.
872# https://www.indystar.com/story/news/politics/2018/11/27/indianapolis-indiana-time-zone-history-central-eastern-daylight-savings-time/2126300002/
873#
874# From Paul Eggert (2007-08-17):
875# Since 1970, most of Indiana has been like America/Indiana/Indianapolis,
876# with the following exceptions:
877#
878# - Gibson, Jasper, Lake, LaPorte, Newton, Porter, Posey, Spencer,
879#   Vanderburgh, and Warrick counties have been like America/Chicago.
880#
881# - Dearborn and Ohio counties have been like America/New_York.
882#
883# - Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties have been like
884#   America/Kentucky/Louisville.
885#
886# - Crawford, Daviess, Dubois, Knox, Martin, Perry, Pike, Pulaski, Starke,
887#   and Switzerland counties have their own time zone histories as noted below.
888#
889# Shanks partitioned Indiana into 345 regions, each with its own time history,
890# and wrote "Even newspaper reports present contradictory information."
891# Those Hoosiers!  Such a flighty and changeable people!
892# Fortunately, most of the complexity occurred before our cutoff date of 1970.
893#
894# Other than Indianapolis, the Indiana place names are so nondescript
895# that they would be ambiguous if we left them at the 'America' level.
896# So we reluctantly put them all in a subdirectory 'America/Indiana'.
897
898# From Paul Eggert (2014-06-26):
899# https://www.federalregister.gov/articles/2006/01/20/06-563/standard-time-zone-boundary-in-the-state-of-indiana
900# says "DOT is relocating the time zone boundary in Indiana to move Starke,
901# Pulaski, Knox, Daviess, Martin, Pike, Dubois, and Perry Counties from the
902# Eastern Time Zone to the Central Time Zone.... The effective date of
903# this rule is 2 a.m. EST Sunday, April 2, 2006, which is the
904# changeover date from standard time to Daylight Saving Time."
905# Strictly speaking, this meant the affected counties changed their
906# clocks twice that night, but this obviously was in error.  The intent
907# was that 01:59:59 EST be followed by 02:00:00 CDT.
908
909# From Gwillim Law (2007-02-10):
910# The Associated Press has been reporting that Pulaski County, Indiana is
911# going to switch from Central to Eastern Time on March 11, 2007....
912# http://www.indystar.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20070207/LOCAL190108/702070524/0/LOCAL
913
914# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
915Rule Indianapolis 1941	only	-	Jun	22	2:00	1:00	D
916Rule Indianapolis 1941	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
917Rule Indianapolis 1946	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
918# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
919Zone America/Indiana/Indianapolis -5:44:38 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:15:22
920			-6:00	US	C%sT	1920
921			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1942
922			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
923			-6:00 Indianapolis C%sT	1955 Apr 24  2:00
924			-5:00	-	EST	1957 Sep 29  2:00
925			-6:00	-	CST	1958 Apr 27  2:00
926			-5:00	-	EST	1969
927			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
928			-5:00	-	EST	2006
929			-5:00	US	E%sT
930#
931# Eastern Crawford County, Indiana, left its clocks alone in 1974,
932# as well as from 1976 through 2005.
933# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
934Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
935Rule	Marengo	1951	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
936Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
937Rule	Marengo	1954	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
938# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
939Zone America/Indiana/Marengo -5:45:23 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:14:37
940			-6:00	US	C%sT	1951
941			-6:00	Marengo	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
942			-5:00	-	EST	1969
943			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
944			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
945			-5:00	US	E%sT	1976
946			-5:00	-	EST	2006
947			-5:00	US	E%sT
948#
949# Daviess, Dubois, Knox, and Martin Counties, Indiana,
950# switched from eastern to central time in April 2006, then switched back
951# in November 2007.
952# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
953Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
954Rule Vincennes	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
955Rule Vincennes	1953	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
956Rule Vincennes	1953	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
957Rule Vincennes	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
958Rule Vincennes	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
959Rule Vincennes	1960	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
960Rule Vincennes	1961	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
961Rule Vincennes	1962	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
962# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
963Zone America/Indiana/Vincennes -5:50:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:09:53
964			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
965			-6:00 Vincennes	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
966			-5:00	-	EST	1969
967			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
968			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
969			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
970			-5:00	US	E%sT
971#
972# Perry County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in April 2006.
973# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-09):
974# The Indianapolis News, Friday 27 October 1967 states that Perry County
975# returned to CST.  It went again to EST on 27 April 1969, as documented by the
976# Indianapolis star of Saturday 26 April.
977# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
978Rule Perry	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
979Rule Perry	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
980Rule Perry	1956	1963	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
981Rule Perry	1961	1963	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
982# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
983Zone America/Indiana/Tell_City -5:47:03 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:12:57
984			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
985			-6:00 Perry	C%sT	1964 Apr 26  2:00
986			-5:00	-	EST	1967 Oct 29  2:00
987			-6:00	US	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
988			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
989			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
990			-6:00	US	C%sT
991#
992# Pike County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1977,
993# then switched back in 2006, then switched back again in 2007.
994# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
995Rule	Pike	1955	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
996Rule	Pike	1955	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
997Rule	Pike	1956	1964	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
998Rule	Pike	1961	1964	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
999# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1000Zone America/Indiana/Petersburg -5:49:07 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:10:53
1001			-6:00	US	C%sT	1955
1002			-6:00	Pike	C%sT	1965 Apr 25  2:00
1003			-5:00	-	EST	1966 Oct 30  2:00
1004			-6:00	US	C%sT	1977 Oct 30  2:00
1005			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1006			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Nov  4  2:00
1007			-5:00	US	E%sT
1008#
1009# Starke County, Indiana moved from central to eastern time in 1991,
1010# then switched back in 2006.
1011# From Arthur David Olson (1991-10-28):
1012# An article on page A3 of the Sunday, 1991-10-27 Washington Post
1013# notes that Starke County switched from Central time to Eastern time as of
1014# 1991-10-27.
1015# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1016Rule	Starke	1947	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1017Rule	Starke	1947	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1018Rule	Starke	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1019Rule	Starke	1957	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1020Rule	Starke	1959	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1021# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1022Zone America/Indiana/Knox -5:46:30 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:30
1023			-6:00	US	C%sT	1947
1024			-6:00	Starke	C%sT	1962 Apr 29  2:00
1025			-5:00	-	EST	1963 Oct 27  2:00
1026			-6:00	US	C%sT	1991 Oct 27  2:00
1027			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1028			-6:00	US	C%sT
1029#
1030# Pulaski County, Indiana, switched from eastern to central time in
1031# April 2006 and then switched back in March 2007.
1032# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1033Rule	Pulaski	1946	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1034Rule	Pulaski	1946	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1035Rule	Pulaski	1955	1956	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1036Rule	Pulaski	1957	1960	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1037# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1038Zone America/Indiana/Winamac -5:46:25 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:13:35
1039			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1040			-6:00	Pulaski	C%sT	1961 Apr 30  2:00
1041			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1042			-5:00	US	E%sT	1971
1043			-5:00	-	EST	2006 Apr  2  2:00
1044			-6:00	US	C%sT	2007 Mar 11  2:00
1045			-5:00	US	E%sT
1046#
1047# Switzerland County, Indiana, did not observe DST from 1973 through 2005.
1048# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1049Zone America/Indiana/Vevay -5:40:16 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:19:44
1050			-6:00	US	C%sT	1954 Apr 25  2:00
1051			-5:00	-	EST	1969
1052			-5:00	US	E%sT	1973
1053			-5:00	-	EST	2006
1054			-5:00	US	E%sT
1055
1056# From Paul Eggert (2018-03-20):
1057# The Louisville & Nashville Railroad's 1883-11-18 change occurred at
1058# 10:00 old local time; train were supposed to come to a standstill
1059# for precisely 18 minutes.  See Bartky Fig. 1 (page 50).  It is not
1060# clear how this matched civil time in Louisville, so for now continue
1061# to assume Louisville switched at noon new local time, like New York.
1062#
1063# From Michael Deckers (2019-08-06):
1064# From the contemporary source given by Alois Treindl,
1065# the switch in Louisville on 1946-04-28 was on 00:01
1066# From Paul Eggert (2019-08-26):
1067# That source was the Louisville Courier-Journal, 1946-04-27, p 4.
1068# Shanks gives 02:00 for all 20th-century transition times in Louisville.
1069# Evidently this is wrong for spring 1946.  Although also likely wrong
1070# for other dates, we have no data.
1071#
1072# Part of Kentucky left its clocks alone in 1974.
1073# This also includes Clark, Floyd, and Harrison counties in Indiana.
1074# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1075Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	May	1	2:00	1:00	D
1076Rule Louisville	1921	only	-	Sep	1	2:00	0	S
1077Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1078Rule Louisville	1941	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1079Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:01	1:00	D
1080Rule Louisville	1946	only	-	Jun	2	2:00	0	S
1081Rule Louisville	1950	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1082Rule Louisville	1950	1955	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1083Rule Louisville	1956	1961	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1084# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1085Zone America/Kentucky/Louisville -5:43:02 -	LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:16:58
1086			-6:00	US	C%sT	1921
1087			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1942
1088			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1089			-6:00 Louisville C%sT	1961 Jul 23  2:00
1090			-5:00	-	EST	1968
1091			-5:00	US	E%sT	1974 Jan  6  2:00
1092			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1974 Oct 27  2:00
1093			-5:00	US	E%sT
1094#
1095# Wayne County, Kentucky
1096#
1097# From Lake Cumberland LIFE
1098# http://www.lake-cumberland.com/life/archive/news990129time.shtml
1099# (1999-01-29) via WKYM-101.7:
1100# Clinton County has joined Wayne County in asking the DoT to change from
1101# the Central to the Eastern time zone....  The Wayne County government made
1102# the same request in December.  And while Russell County officials have not
1103# taken action, the majority of respondents to a poll conducted there in
1104# August indicated they would like to change to "fast time" also.
1105# The three Lake Cumberland counties are the farthest east of any U.S.
1106# location in the Central time zone.
1107#
1108# From Rich Wales (2000-08-29):
1109# After prolonged debate, and despite continuing deep differences of opinion,
1110# Wayne County (central Kentucky) is switching from Central (-0600) to Eastern
1111# (-0500) time.  They won't "fall back" this year.  See Sara Shipley,
1112# The difference an hour makes, Nando Times (2000-08-29 15:33 -0400).
1113#
1114# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-16):
1115# The final rule was published in the
1116# Federal Register 65, 160 (2000-08-17), pp 50154-50158.
1117# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-2000-08-17/html/00-20854.htm
1118#
1119Zone America/Kentucky/Monticello -5:39:24 - LMT	1883 Nov 18 12:20:36
1120			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1121			-6:00	-	CST	1968
1122			-6:00	US	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
1123			-5:00	US	E%sT
1124
1125
1126# From Rives McDow (2000-08-30):
1127# Here ... are all the changes in the US since 1985.
1128# Kearny County, KS (put all of county on central;
1129#	previously split between MST and CST) ... 1990-10
1130# Starke County, IN (from CST to EST) ... 1991-10
1131# Oliver County, ND (from MST to CST) ... 1992-10
1132# West Wendover, NV (from PST TO MST) ... 1999-10
1133# Wayne County, KY (from CST to EST) ... 2000-10
1134#
1135# From Paul Eggert (2001-07-17):
1136# We don't know where the line used to be within Kearny County, KS,
1137# so omit that change for now.
1138# See America/Indiana/Knox for the Starke County, IN change.
1139# See America/North_Dakota/Center for the Oliver County, ND change.
1140# West Wendover, NV officially switched from Pacific to mountain time on
1141# 1999-10-31.  See the
1142# Federal Register 64, 203 (1999-10-21), pp 56705-56707.
1143# https://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/FR-1999-10-21/html/99-27240.htm
1144# However, the Federal Register says that West Wendover already operated
1145# on mountain time, and the rule merely made this official;
1146# hence a separate tz entry is not needed.
1147
1148# Michigan
1149#
1150# From Bob Devine (1988-01-28):
1151# Michigan didn't observe DST from 1968 to 1973.
1152#
1153# From Paul Eggert (1999-03-31):
1154# Shanks writes that Michigan started using standard time on 1885-09-18,
1155# but Howse writes (pp 124-125, referring to Popular Astronomy, 1901-01)
1156# that Detroit kept
1157#
1158#	local time until 1900 when the City Council decreed that clocks should
1159#	be put back twenty-eight minutes to Central Standard Time.  Half the
1160#	city obeyed, half refused.  After considerable debate, the decision
1161#	was rescinded and the city reverted to Sun time.  A derisive offer to
1162#	erect a sundial in front of the city hall was referred to the
1163#	Committee on Sewers.  Then, in 1905, Central time was adopted
1164#	by city vote.
1165#
1166# This story is too entertaining to be false, so go with Howse over Shanks.
1167#
1168# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-06):
1169# Garland (1927) writes "Cleveland and Detroit advanced their clocks
1170# one hour in 1914."  This change is not in Shanks.  We have no more
1171# info, so omit this for now.
1172#
1173# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-06):
1174# Due to a complicated set of legal maneuvers, in 1967 Michigan did
1175# not start daylight saving time when the rest of the US did.
1176# Instead, it began DST on Jun 14 at 00:01.  This was big news:
1177# the Detroit Free Press reported it at the top of Page 1 on
1178# 1967-06-14, in an article "State Adjusting to Switch to Fast Time"
1179# by Gary Blonston, above an article about Thurgood Marshall's
1180# confirmation to the US Supreme Court.  Although Shanks says Detroit
1181# observed DST until 1967-10-29 00:01, that time of day seems to be
1182# incorrect, as the Free Press later said DST ended in Michigan at the
1183# same time as the rest of the US.  Also, although Shanks reports no DST in
1184# Detroit in 1968, it did observe DST that year; in the November 1968
1185# election Michigan voters narrowly repealed DST, effective 1969.
1186#
1187# Most of Michigan observed DST from 1973 on, but was a bit late in 1975.
1188# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1189Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1190Rule	Detroit	1948	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1191# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1192Zone America/Detroit	-5:32:11 -	LMT	1905
1193			-6:00	-	CST	1915 May 15  2:00
1194			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1195			-5:00	US	E%sT	1946
1196			-5:00	Detroit	E%sT	1967 Jun 14  0:01
1197			-5:00	US	E%sT	1969
1198			-5:00	-	EST	1973
1199			-5:00	US	E%sT	1975
1200			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Apr 27  2:00
1201			-5:00	US	E%sT
1202#
1203# Dickinson, Gogebic, Iron, and Menominee Counties, Michigan,
1204# switched from EST to CST/CDT in 1973.
1205# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER
1206Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1207Rule Menominee	1946	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1208Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1209Rule Menominee	1966	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1210# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1211Zone America/Menominee	-5:50:27 -	LMT	1885 Sep 18 12:00
1212			-6:00	US	C%sT	1946
1213			-6:00 Menominee	C%sT	1969 Apr 27  2:00
1214			-5:00	-	EST	1973 Apr 29  2:00
1215			-6:00	US	C%sT
1216
1217# Navassa
1218# administered by the US Fish and Wildlife Service
1219# claimed by US under the provisions of the 1856 Guano Islands Act
1220# also claimed by Haiti
1221# occupied 1857/1900 by the Navassa Phosphate Co
1222# US lighthouse 1917/1996-09
1223# currently uninhabited
1224# see Mark Fineman, "An Isle Rich in Guano and Discord",
1225# _Los Angeles Times_ (1998-11-10), A1, A10; it cites
1226# Jimmy Skaggs, _The Great Guano Rush_ (1994).
1227
1228################################################################################
1229
1230
1231# From Paul Eggert (2017-02-10):
1232#
1233# Unless otherwise specified, the source for data through 1990 is:
1234# Thomas G. Shanks and Rique Pottenger, The International Atlas (6th edition),
1235# San Diego: ACS Publications, Inc. (2003).
1236# Unfortunately this book contains many errors and cites no sources.
1237#
1238# Many years ago Gwillim Law wrote that a good source
1239# for time zone data was the International Air Transport
1240# Association's Standard Schedules Information Manual (IATA SSIM),
1241# published semiannually.  Law sent in several helpful summaries
1242# of the IATA's data after 1990.  Except where otherwise noted,
1243# IATA SSIM is the source for entries after 1990.
1244#
1245# Other sources occasionally used include:
1246#
1247#	Milne J. Civil time. Geogr J. 1899 Feb;13(2):173-94
1248#	<https://www.jstor.org/stable/1774359>.
1249#
1250#	Pearce C. The Great Daylight Saving Time Controversy.
1251#	Australian Ebook Publisher. 2017. ISBN 978-1-925516-96-8.
1252#
1253#	Edward W. Whitman, World Time Differences,
1254#	Whitman Publishing Co, 2 Niagara Av, Ealing, London (undated),
1255#	which I found in the UCLA library.
1256#
1257#	William Willett, The Waste of Daylight, 19th edition
1258#	<http://cs.ucla.edu/~eggert/The-Waste-of-Daylight-19th.pdf>
1259#	[PDF] (1914-03)
1260#
1261# See the 'europe' file for Greenland.
1262
1263# Canada
1264
1265# From Alain LaBonté (1994-11-14):
1266# I post here the time zone abbreviations standardized in Canada
1267# for both English and French in the CAN/CSA-Z234.4-89 standard....
1268#
1269#	UTC	Standard time	Daylight saving time
1270#	offset	French	English	French	English
1271#	-2:30	-	-	HAT	NDT
1272#	-3	-	-	HAA	ADT
1273#	-3:30	HNT	NST	-	-
1274#	-4	HNA	AST	HAE	EDT
1275#	-5	HNE	EST	HAC	CDT
1276#	-6	HNC	CST	HAR	MDT
1277#	-7	HNR	MST	HAP	PDT
1278#	-8	HNP	PST	HAY	YDT
1279#	-9	HNY	YST	-	-
1280#
1281#	HN: Heure Normale	ST: Standard Time
1282#	HA: Heure Avancée	DT: Daylight saving Time
1283#
1284#	A: de l'Atlantique	Atlantic
1285#	C: du Centre		Central
1286#	E: de l'Est		Eastern
1287#	M:			Mountain
1288#	N:			Newfoundland
1289#	P: du Pacifique		Pacific
1290#	R: des Rocheuses
1291#	T: de Terre-Neuve
1292#	Y: du Yukon		Yukon
1293#
1294# From Paul Eggert (1994-11-22):
1295# Alas, this sort of thing must be handled by localization software.
1296
1297# Unless otherwise specified, the data entries for Canada are all from Shanks
1298# & Pottenger.
1299
1300# From Chris Walton (2006-04-01, 2006-04-25, 2006-06-26, 2007-01-31,
1301# 2007-03-01):
1302# The British Columbia government announced yesterday that it will
1303# adjust daylight savings next year to align with changes in the
1304# U.S. and the rest of Canada....
1305# https://archive.news.gov.bc.ca/releases/news_releases_2005-2009/2006AG0014-000330.htm
1306# ...
1307# Nova Scotia
1308# Daylight saving time will be extended by four weeks starting in 2007....
1309# https://www.novascotia.ca/just/regulations/rg2/2006/ma1206.pdf
1310#
1311# [For New Brunswick] the new legislation dictates that the time change is to
1312# be done at 02:00 instead of 00:01.
1313# https://www.gnb.ca/0062/acts/BBA-2006/Chap-19.pdf
1314# ...
1315# Manitoba has traditionally changed the clock every fall at 03:00.
1316# As of 2006, the transition is to take place one hour earlier at 02:00.
1317# https://web2.gov.mb.ca/laws/statutes/ccsm/o030e.php
1318# ...
1319# [Alberta, Ontario, Quebec] will follow US rules.
1320# http://www.qp.gov.ab.ca/documents/spring/CH03_06.CFM
1321# http://www.e-laws.gov.on.ca/DBLaws/Source/Regs/English/2006/R06111_e.htm
1322# http://www2.publicationsduquebec.gouv.qc.ca/dynamicSearch/telecharge.php?type=5&file=2006C39A.PDF
1323# ...
1324# P.E.I. will follow US rules....
1325# http://www.assembly.pe.ca/bills/pdf_chapter/62/3/chapter-41.pdf
1326# ...
1327# Province of Newfoundland and Labrador....
1328# http://www.hoa.gov.nl.ca/hoa/bills/Bill0634.htm
1329# ...
1330# Yukon
1331# https://www.gov.yk.ca/legislation/regs/oic2006_127.pdf
1332# ...
1333# N.W.T. will follow US rules.  Whoever maintains the government web site
1334# does not seem to believe in bookmarks.  To see the news release, click the
1335# following link and search for "Daylight Savings Time Change".  Press the
1336# "Daylight Savings Time Change" link; it will fire off a popup using
1337# JavaScript.
1338# http://www.exec.gov.nt.ca/currentnews/currentPR.asp?mode=archive
1339# ...
1340# Nunavut
1341# An amendment to the Interpretation Act was registered on February 19/2007....
1342# http://action.attavik.ca/home/justice-gn/attach/2007/gaz02part2.pdf
1343
1344# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-18):
1345# H. David Matthews and Mary Vincent's map
1346# "It's about TIME", _Canadian Geographic_ (September-October 1998)
1347# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/alacarte.asp
1348# contains detailed boundaries for regions observing nonstandard
1349# time and daylight saving time arrangements in Canada circa 1998.
1350#
1351# National Research Council Canada maintains info about time zones and DST.
1352# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/time_zones.html
1353# https://www.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/eng/services/time/faq/index.html#Q5
1354# Its unofficial information is often taken from Matthews and Vincent.
1355
1356# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-27):
1357# For now, assume all of DST-observing Canada will fall into line with the
1358# new US DST rules,
1359
1360# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01)
1361# In the first of Tammy Hardwick's articles
1362# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
1363# she quotes the Friday November 1/1918 edition of the Creston Review.
1364# The quote includes these two statements:
1365# 'Sunday the CPR went back to the old system of time...'
1366# '... The daylight saving scheme was dropped all over Canada at the same time,'
1367# These statements refer to a transition from daylight time to standard time
1368# that occurred nationally on Sunday October 27/1918.  This transition was
1369# also documented in the Saturday October 26/1918 edition of the Toronto Star.
1370
1371# In light of that evidence, we alter the date from the earlier believed
1372# Oct 31, to Oct 27, 1918 (and Sunday is a more likely transition day
1373# than Thursday) in all Canadian rulesets.
1374
1375# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1376Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1377Rule	Canada	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1378Rule	Canada	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1379Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1380Rule	Canada	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1381Rule	Canada	1974	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1382Rule	Canada	1974	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1383Rule	Canada	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1384Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1385Rule	Canada	2007	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
1386
1387
1388# Newfoundland and Labrador
1389
1390# From Paul Eggert (2017-10-14):
1391# Legally Labrador should observe Newfoundland time; see:
1392# McLeod J. Labrador time - legal or not? St. John's Telegram, 2017-10-07
1393# http://www.thetelegram.com/news/local/labrador-time--legal-or-not-154860/
1394# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that the only part of Labrador
1395# that follows the rules is the southeast corner, including Port Hope
1396# Simpson and Mary's Harbour, but excluding, say, Black Tickle.
1397
1398# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1399Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Apr	 8	2:00	1:00	D
1400Rule	StJohns	1917	only	-	Sep	17	2:00	0	S
1401# Whitman gives 1919 Apr 5 and 1920 Apr 5; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1402Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	May	 5	23:00	1:00	D
1403Rule	StJohns	1919	only	-	Aug	12	23:00	0	S
1404# For 1931-1935 Whitman gives Apr same date; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1405Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	May	Sun>=1	23:00	1:00	D
1406Rule	StJohns	1920	1935	-	Oct	lastSun	23:00	0	S
1407# For 1936-1941 Whitman gives May Sun>=8 and Oct Sun>=1; go with Shanks &
1408# Pottenger.
1409Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	May	Mon>=9	0:00	1:00	D
1410Rule	StJohns	1936	1941	-	Oct	Mon>=2	0:00	0	S
1411# Whitman gives the following transitions:
1412# 1942 03-01/12-31, 1943 05-30/09-05, 1944 07-10/09-02, 1945 01-01/10-07
1413# but go with Shanks & Pottenger and assume they used Canadian rules.
1414# For 1946-9 Whitman gives May 5,4,9,1 - Oct 1,5,3,2, and for 1950 he gives
1415# Apr 30 - Sep 24; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
1416Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1417Rule	StJohns	1946	1950	-	Oct	Sun>=2	2:00	0	S
1418Rule	StJohns	1951	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1419Rule	StJohns	1951	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1420Rule	StJohns	1960	1986	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1421# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1422# INMS (2000-09-12) says that, since 1988 at least, Newfoundland switches
1423# at 00:01 local time.  For now, assume it started in 1987.
1424
1425# From Michael Pelley (2011-09-12):
1426# We received today, Monday, September 12, 2011, notification that the
1427# changes to the Newfoundland Standard Time Act have been proclaimed.
1428# The change in the Act stipulates that the change from Daylight Savings
1429# Time to Standard Time and from Standard Time to Daylight Savings Time
1430# now occurs at 2:00AM.
1431# ...
1432# http://www.assembly.nl.ca/legislation/sr/annualstatutes/2011/1106.chp.htm
1433# ...
1434# MICHAEL PELLEY  |  Manager of Enterprise Architecture - Solution Delivery
1435# Office of the Chief Information Officer
1436# Executive Council
1437# Government of Newfoundland & Labrador
1438
1439Rule	StJohns	1987	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1440Rule	StJohns	1987	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1441Rule	StJohns	1988	only	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	2:00	DD
1442Rule	StJohns	1989	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1443Rule	StJohns	2007	2011	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:01	1:00	D
1444Rule	StJohns	2007	2010	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:01	0	S
1445#
1446# St John's has an apostrophe, but Posix file names can't have apostrophes.
1447# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1448Zone America/St_Johns	-3:30:52 -	LMT	1884
1449			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1918
1450			-3:30:52 Canada	N%sT	1919
1451			-3:30:52 StJohns N%sT	1935 Mar 30
1452			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1453			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1454			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	2011 Nov
1455			-3:30	Canada	N%sT
1456
1457# most of east Labrador
1458
1459# The name 'Happy Valley-Goose Bay' is too long; use 'Goose Bay'.
1460# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1461Zone America/Goose_Bay	-4:01:40 -	LMT	1884 # Happy Valley-Goose Bay
1462			-3:30:52 -	NST	1918
1463			-3:30:52 Canada N%sT	1919
1464			-3:30:52 -	NST	1935 Mar 30
1465			-3:30	-	NST	1936
1466			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1942 May 11
1467			-3:30	Canada	N%sT	1946
1468			-3:30	StJohns	N%sT	1966 Mar 15  2:00
1469			-4:00	StJohns	A%sT	2011 Nov
1470			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1471
1472
1473# west Labrador, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward I
1474
1475# From Brian Inglis (2015-07-20):
1476# From the historical weather station records available at:
1477# https://weatherspark.com/history/28351/1971/Sydney-Nova-Scotia-Canada
1478# Sydney shares the same time history as Glace Bay, so was
1479# likely to be the same across the island....
1480# Sydney, as the capital and most populous location, or Cape Breton, would
1481# have been better names for the zone had we known this in 1996.
1482
1483# From Paul Eggert (2015-07-20):
1484# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has been like
1485# Halifax.  Many locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1972;
1486# the Cape Breton area, represented by Glace Bay, is the largest we know of
1487# (Glace Bay was perhaps not the best name choice but no point changing now).
1488# Shanks & Pottenger also write that Liverpool, NS was the only town
1489# in Canada to observe DST in 1971 but not 1970; for now we'll assume
1490# this is a typo.
1491
1492# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1493Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Apr	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1494Rule	Halifax	1916	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
1495Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	May	 9	0:00	1:00	D
1496Rule	Halifax	1920	only	-	Aug	29	0:00	0	S
1497Rule	Halifax	1921	only	-	May	 6	0:00	1:00	D
1498Rule	Halifax	1921	1922	-	Sep	 5	0:00	0	S
1499Rule	Halifax	1922	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1500Rule	Halifax	1923	1925	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1501Rule	Halifax	1923	only	-	Sep	 4	0:00	0	S
1502Rule	Halifax	1924	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1503Rule	Halifax	1925	only	-	Sep	28	0:00	0	S
1504Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	May	16	0:00	1:00	D
1505Rule	Halifax	1926	only	-	Sep	13	0:00	0	S
1506Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1507Rule	Halifax	1927	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1508Rule	Halifax	1928	1931	-	May	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1509Rule	Halifax	1928	only	-	Sep	 9	0:00	0	S
1510Rule	Halifax	1929	only	-	Sep	 3	0:00	0	S
1511Rule	Halifax	1930	only	-	Sep	15	0:00	0	S
1512Rule	Halifax	1931	1932	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1513Rule	Halifax	1932	only	-	May	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1514Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
1515Rule	Halifax	1933	only	-	Oct	 2	0:00	0	S
1516Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	May	20	0:00	1:00	D
1517Rule	Halifax	1934	only	-	Sep	16	0:00	0	S
1518Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Jun	 2	0:00	1:00	D
1519Rule	Halifax	1935	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
1520Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Jun	 1	0:00	1:00	D
1521Rule	Halifax	1936	only	-	Sep	14	0:00	0	S
1522Rule	Halifax	1937	1938	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1523Rule	Halifax	1937	1941	-	Sep	Mon>=24	0:00	0	S
1524Rule	Halifax	1939	only	-	May	28	0:00	1:00	D
1525Rule	Halifax	1940	1941	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1526Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1527Rule	Halifax	1946	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1528Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1529Rule	Halifax	1951	1954	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1530Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1531Rule	Halifax	1956	1959	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1532Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1533Rule	Halifax	1962	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1534# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1535Zone America/Halifax	-4:14:24 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1536			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1918
1537			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1919
1538			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1539			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1540			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1541			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1542Zone America/Glace_Bay	-3:59:48 -	LMT	1902 Jun 15
1543			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1953
1544			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1954
1545			-4:00	-	AST	1972
1546			-4:00	Halifax	A%sT	1974
1547			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1548
1549# New Brunswick
1550
1551# From Paul Eggert (2007-01-31):
1552# The Time Definition Act <http://www.gnb.ca/0062/PDF-acts/t-06.pdf>
1553# says they changed at 00:01 through 2006, and
1554# <http://www.canlii.org/nb/laws/sta/t-6/20030127/whole.html> makes it
1555# clear that this was the case since at least 1993.
1556# For now, assume it started in 1993.
1557
1558# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1559Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Jun	Sun>=8	1:00	1:00	D
1560Rule	Moncton	1933	1935	-	Sep	Sun>=8	1:00	0	S
1561Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Jun	Sun>=1	1:00	1:00	D
1562Rule	Moncton	1936	1938	-	Sep	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
1563Rule	Moncton	1939	only	-	May	27	1:00	1:00	D
1564Rule	Moncton	1939	1941	-	Sep	Sat>=21	1:00	0	S
1565Rule	Moncton	1940	only	-	May	19	1:00	1:00	D
1566Rule	Moncton	1941	only	-	May	 4	1:00	1:00	D
1567Rule	Moncton	1946	1972	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1568Rule	Moncton	1946	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1569Rule	Moncton	1957	1972	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1570Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:01	1:00	D
1571Rule	Moncton	1993	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:01	0	S
1572# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1573Zone America/Moncton	-4:19:08 -	LMT	1883 Dec  9
1574			-5:00	-	EST	1902 Jun 15
1575			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1933
1576			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1942
1577			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1946
1578			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	1973
1579			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1993
1580			-4:00	Moncton	A%sT	2007
1581			-4:00	Canada	A%sT
1582
1583# Quebec
1584
1585# From Paul Eggert (2015-03-24):
1586# See America/Toronto for most of Quebec, including Montreal.
1587#
1588# Matthews and Vincent (1998) also write that Quebec east of the -63
1589# meridian is supposed to observe AST, but residents as far east as
1590# Natashquan use EST/EDT, and residents east of Natashquan use AST.
1591# The Quebec department of justice writes in
1592# "The situation in Minganie and Basse-Côte-Nord"
1593# http://www.justice.gouv.qc.ca/english/publications/generale/temps-minganie-a.htm
1594# that the coastal strip from just east of Natashquan to Blanc-Sablon
1595# observes Atlantic standard time all year round.
1596# https://www.assnat.qc.ca/Media/Process.aspx?MediaId=ANQ.Vigie.Bll.DocumentGenerique_8845en
1597# says this common practice was codified into law as of 2007.
1598# For lack of better info, guess this practice began around 1970, contra to
1599# Shanks & Pottenger who have this region observing AST/ADT.
1600
1601# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1602Zone America/Blanc-Sablon -3:48:28 -	LMT	1884
1603			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1970
1604			-4:00	-	AST
1605
1606# Ontario
1607
1608# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1609# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1610# Toronto.
1611# Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1612# Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1613# Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1614# Far west Ontario is like Winnipeg; far east Quebec is like Halifax.
1615
1616# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1617# [According to the Toronto Star] Orillia, Ontario, adopted DST
1618# effective Saturday, 1912-06-22, 22:00; the article mentions that
1619# Port Arthur (now part of Thunder Bay, Ontario) as well as Moose Jaw
1620# have already done so.  In Orillia DST was to run until Saturday,
1621# 1912-08-31 (no time mentioned), but it was met with considerable
1622# hostility from certain segments of the public, and was revoked after
1623# only two weeks - I copied it as Saturday, 1912-07-07, 22:00, but
1624# presumably that should be -07-06.  (1912-06-19, -07-12; also letters
1625# earlier in June).
1626#
1627# Kenora, Ontario, was to abandon DST on 1914-06-01 (-05-21).
1628#
1629# From Paul Eggert (2017-07-08):
1630# For more on Orillia, see: Daubs K. Bold attempt at daylight saving
1631# time became a comic failure in Orillia. Toronto Star 2017-07-08.
1632# https://www.thestar.com/news/insight/2017/07/08/bold-attempt-at-daylight-saving-time-became-a-comic-failure-in-orillia.html
1633
1634# From Paul Eggert (1997-10-17):
1635# Mark Brader writes that an article in the 1997-10-14 Toronto Star
1636# says that Atikokan, Ontario currently does not observe DST,
1637# but will vote on 11-10 whether to use EST/EDT.
1638# He also writes that the Ontario Time Act (1990, Chapter T.9)
1639# http://www.gov.on.ca/MBS/english/publications/statregs/conttext.html
1640# says that Ontario east of 90W uses EST/EDT, and west of 90W uses CST/CDT.
1641# Officially Atikokan is therefore on CST/CDT, and most likely this report
1642# concerns a non-official time observed as a matter of local practice.
1643#
1644# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
1645# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Atikokan, Pickle Lake, and
1646# New Osnaburgh observe CST all year, that Big Trout Lake observes
1647# CST/CDT, and that Upsala and Shebandowan observe EST/EDT, all in
1648# violation of the official Ontario rules.
1649#
1650# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1651# Chris Walton (2006-07-06) mentioned an article by Stephanie MacLellan in the
1652# 2005-07-21 Chronicle-Journal, which said:
1653#
1654#	The clocks in Atikokan stay set on standard time year-round.
1655#	This means they spend about half the time on central time and
1656#	the other half on eastern time.
1657#
1658#	For the most part, the system works, Mayor Dennis Brown said.
1659#
1660#	"The majority of businesses in Atikokan deal more with Eastern
1661#	Canada, but there are some that deal with Western Canada," he
1662#	said.  "I don't see any changes happening here."
1663#
1664# Walton also writes "Supposedly Pickle Lake and Mishkeegogamang
1665# [New Osnaburgh] follow the same practice."
1666
1667# From Garry McKinnon (2006-07-14) via Chris Walton:
1668# I chatted with a member of my board who has an outstanding memory
1669# and a long history in Atikokan (and in the telecom industry) and he
1670# can say for certain that Atikokan has been practicing the current
1671# time keeping since 1952, at least.
1672
1673# From Paul Eggert (2006-07-17):
1674# Shanks & Pottenger say that Atikokan has agreed with Rainy River
1675# ever since standard time was introduced, but the information from
1676# McKinnon sounds more authoritative.  For now, assume that Atikokan
1677# switched to EST immediately after WWII era daylight saving time
1678# ended.  This matches the old (less-populous) America/Coral_Harbour
1679# entry since our cutoff date of 1970, so we can move
1680# America/Coral_Harbour to the 'backward' file.
1681
1682# From Mark Brader (2010-03-06):
1683#
1684# Currently the database has:
1685#
1686# # Ontario
1687#
1688# # From Paul Eggert (2006-07-09):
1689# # Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of Ontario has been like
1690# # Toronto.
1691# # Thunder Bay skipped DST in 1973.
1692# # Many smaller locales did not observe peacetime DST until 1974;
1693# # Nipigon (EST) and Rainy River (CST) are the largest that we know of.
1694#
1695# In the (Toronto) Globe and Mail for Saturday, 1955-09-24, in the bottom
1696# right corner of page 1, it says that Toronto will return to standard
1697# time at 2 am Sunday morning (which agrees with the database), and that:
1698#
1699#     The one-hour setback will go into effect throughout most of Ontario,
1700#     except in areas like Windsor which remains on standard time all year.
1701#
1702# Windsor is, of course, a lot larger than Nipigon.
1703#
1704# I only came across this incidentally.  I don't know if Windsor began
1705# observing DST when Detroit did, or in 1974, or on some other date.
1706#
1707# By the way, the article continues by noting that:
1708#
1709#     Some cities in the United States have pushed the deadline back
1710#     three weeks and will change over from daylight saving in October.
1711
1712# From Arthur David Olson (2010-07-17):
1713#
1714# "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" appeared in
1715# The Journal of The Royal Astronomical Society of Canada,
1716# volume 26, number 2 (February 1932) and, as of 2010-07-17,
1717# was available at
1718# http://adsabs.harvard.edu/full/1932JRASC..26...49S
1719#
1720# It includes the text below (starting on page 57):
1721#
1722#   A list of the places in Canada using daylight saving time would
1723# require yearly revision. From information kindly furnished by
1724# the provincial governments and by the postmasters in many cities
1725# and towns, it is found that the following places used daylight sav-
1726# ing in 1930. The information for the province of Quebec is definite,
1727# for the other provinces only approximate:
1728#
1729#	Province	Daylight saving time used
1730# Prince Edward Island	Not used.
1731# Nova Scotia		In Halifax only.
1732# New Brunswick		In St. John only.
1733# Quebec		In the following places:
1734#			Montreal	Lachine
1735#			Quebec		Mont-Royal
1736#			Lévis		Iberville
1737#			St. Lambert	Cap de la Madelèine
1738#			Verdun		Loretteville
1739#			Westmount	Richmond
1740#			Outremont	St. Jérôme
1741#			Longueuil	Greenfield Park
1742#			Arvida		Waterloo
1743#			Chambly-Canton	Beaulieu
1744#			Melbourne	La Tuque
1745#			St. Théophile	Buckingham
1746# Ontario		Used generally in the cities and towns along
1747#			the southerly part of the province. Not
1748#			used in the northwesterly part.
1749# Manitoba		Not used.
1750# Saskatchewan		In Regina only.
1751# Alberta		Not used.
1752# British Columbia	Not used.
1753#
1754#   With some exceptions, the use of daylight saving may be said to be limited
1755# to those cities and towns lying between Quebec city and Windsor, Ont.
1756
1757# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1758Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Mar	30	23:30	1:00	D
1759Rule	Toronto	1919	only	-	Oct	26	0:00	0	S
1760Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	May	 2	2:00	1:00	D
1761Rule	Toronto	1920	only	-	Sep	26	0:00	0	S
1762Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	May	15	2:00	1:00	D
1763Rule	Toronto	1921	only	-	Sep	15	2:00	0	S
1764Rule	Toronto	1922	1923	-	May	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1765# Shanks & Pottenger say 1923-09-19; assume it's a typo and that "-16"
1766# was meant.
1767Rule	Toronto	1922	1926	-	Sep	Sun>=15	2:00	0	S
1768Rule	Toronto	1924	1927	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
1769Rule	Toronto	1927	1937	-	Sep	Sun>=25	2:00	0	S
1770Rule	Toronto	1928	1937	-	Apr	Sun>=25	2:00	1:00	D
1771Rule	Toronto	1938	1940	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1772Rule	Toronto	1938	1939	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1773Rule	Toronto	1945	1946	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1774Rule	Toronto	1946	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1775Rule	Toronto	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
1776Rule	Toronto	1947	1948	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1777Rule	Toronto	1949	only	-	Nov	lastSun	0:00	0	S
1778Rule	Toronto	1950	1973	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1779Rule	Toronto	1950	only	-	Nov	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1780Rule	Toronto	1951	1956	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1781# Shanks & Pottenger say Toronto ended DST a week early in 1971,
1782# namely on 1971-10-24, but Mark Brader wrote (2003-05-31) that this
1783# is wrong, and that he had confirmed it by checking the 1971-10-30
1784# Toronto Star, which said that DST was ending 1971-10-31 as usual.
1785Rule	Toronto	1957	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1786
1787# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1788# Willett (1914-03) writes (p. 17) "In the Cities of Fort William, and
1789# Port Arthur, Ontario, the principle of the Bill has been in
1790# operation for the past three years, and in the City of Moose Jaw,
1791# Saskatchewan, for one year."
1792
1793# From David Bryan via Tory Tronrud, Director/Curator,
1794# Thunder Bay Museum (2003-11-12):
1795# There is some suggestion, however, that, by-law or not, daylight
1796# savings time was being practiced in Fort William and Port Arthur
1797# before 1909.... [I]n 1910, the line between the Eastern and Central
1798# Time Zones was permanently moved about two hundred miles west to
1799# include the Thunder Bay area....  When Canada adopted daylight
1800# savings time in 1916, Fort William and Port Arthur, having done so
1801# already, did not change their clocks....  During the Second World
1802# War,... [t]he cities agreed to implement DST during the summer
1803# months for the remainder of the war years.
1804
1805# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1806Zone America/Toronto	-5:17:32 -	LMT	1895
1807			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1919
1808			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1809			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1946
1810			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1974
1811			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1812Zone America/Thunder_Bay -5:57:00 -	LMT	1895
1813			-6:00	-	CST	1910
1814			-5:00	-	EST	1942
1815			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1970
1816			-5:00	Toronto	E%sT	1973
1817			-5:00	-	EST	1974
1818			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1819Zone America/Nipigon	-5:53:04 -	LMT	1895
1820			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1940 Sep 29
1821			-5:00	1:00	EDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1822			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
1823Zone America/Rainy_River -6:18:16 -	LMT	1895
1824			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1825			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1826			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1827Zone America/Atikokan	-6:06:28 -	LMT	1895
1828			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1940 Sep 29
1829			-6:00	1:00	CDT	1942 Feb  9  2:00s
1830			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	1945 Sep 30  2:00
1831			-5:00	-	EST
1832
1833
1834# Manitoba
1835
1836# From Rob Douglas (2006-04-06):
1837# the old Manitoba Time Act - as amended by Bill 2, assented to
1838# March 27, 1987 ... said ...
1839# "between two o'clock Central Standard Time in the morning of
1840# the first Sunday of April of each year and two o'clock Central
1841# Standard Time in the morning of the last Sunday of October next
1842# following, one hour in advance of Central Standard Time."...
1843# I believe that the English legislation [of the old time act] had
1844# been assented to (March 22, 1967)....
1845# Also, as far as I can tell, there was no order-in-council varying
1846# the time of Daylight Saving Time for 2005 and so the provisions of
1847# the 1987 version would apply - the changeover was at 2:00 Central
1848# Standard Time (i.e. not until 3:00 Central Daylight Time).
1849
1850# From Paul Eggert (2006-04-10):
1851# Shanks & Pottenger say Manitoba switched at 02:00 (not 02:00s)
1852# starting 1966.  Since 02:00s is clearly correct for 1967 on, assume
1853# it was also 02:00s in 1966.
1854
1855# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1856Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Apr	23	0:00	1:00	D
1857Rule	Winn	1916	only	-	Sep	17	0:00	0	S
1858Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1859Rule	Winn	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1860Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	May	16	2:00	1:00	D
1861Rule	Winn	1937	only	-	Sep	26	2:00	0	S
1862Rule	Winn	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1863Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1864Rule	Winn	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1865Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	May	12	2:00	1:00	D
1866Rule	Winn	1946	only	-	Oct	13	2:00	0	S
1867Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1868Rule	Winn	1947	1949	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1869Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	May	 1	2:00	1:00	D
1870Rule	Winn	1950	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
1871Rule	Winn	1951	1960	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1872Rule	Winn	1951	1958	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1873Rule	Winn	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1874Rule	Winn	1960	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1875Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1876Rule	Winn	1963	only	-	Sep	22	2:00	0	S
1877Rule	Winn	1966	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00s	1:00	D
1878Rule	Winn	1966	2005	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00s	0	S
1879Rule	Winn	1987	2005	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00s	1:00	D
1880# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1881Zone America/Winnipeg	-6:28:36 -	LMT	1887 Jul 16
1882			-6:00	Winn	C%sT	2006
1883			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
1884
1885
1886# Saskatchewan
1887
1888# From Mark Brader (2003-07-26):
1889# The first actual adoption of DST in Canada was at the municipal
1890# level.  As the [Toronto] Star put it (1912-06-07), "While people
1891# elsewhere have long been talking of legislation to save daylight,
1892# the city of Moose Jaw [Saskatchewan] has acted on its own hook."
1893# DST in Moose Jaw began on Saturday, 1912-06-01 (no time mentioned:
1894# presumably late evening, as below), and would run until "the end of
1895# the summer".  The discrepancy between municipal time and railroad
1896# time was noted.
1897
1898# From Paul Eggert (2003-07-27):
1899# Willett (1914-03) notes that DST "has been in operation ... in the
1900# City of Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, for one year."
1901
1902# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1903# Pearce's book says Regina observed DST in 1914-1917.  No dates and times,
1904# unfortunately.  It also says that in 1914 Saskatoon observed DST
1905# from 1 June to 6 July, and that DST was also tried out in Davidson,
1906# Melfort, and Prince Albert.
1907
1908# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
1909# Shanks & Pottenger say that since 1970 this region has mostly been as Regina.
1910# Some western towns (e.g. Swift Current) switched from MST/MDT to CST in 1972.
1911# Other western towns (e.g. Lloydminster) are like Edmonton.
1912# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Denare Beach and Creighton
1913# are like Winnipeg, in violation of Saskatchewan law.
1914
1915# From W. Jones (1992-11-06):
1916# The. . .below is based on information I got from our law library, the
1917# provincial archives, and the provincial Community Services department.
1918# A precise history would require digging through newspaper archives, and
1919# since you didn't say what you wanted, I didn't bother.
1920#
1921# Saskatchewan is split by a time zone meridian (105W) and over the years
1922# the boundary became pretty ragged as communities near it reevaluated
1923# their affiliations in one direction or the other.  In 1965 a provincial
1924# referendum favoured legislating common time practices.
1925#
1926# On 15 April 1966 the Time Act (c. T-14, Revised Statutes of
1927# Saskatchewan 1978) was proclaimed, and established that the eastern
1928# part of Saskatchewan would use CST year round, that districts in
1929# northwest Saskatchewan would by default follow CST but could opt to
1930# follow Mountain Time rules (thus 1 hour difference in the winter and
1931# zero in the summer), and that districts in southwest Saskatchewan would
1932# by default follow MT but could opt to follow CST.
1933#
1934# It took a few years for the dust to settle (I know one story of a town
1935# on one time zone having its school in another, such that a mom had to
1936# serve her family lunch in two shifts), but presently it seems that only
1937# a few towns on the border with Alberta (e.g. Lloydminster) follow MT
1938# rules any more; all other districts appear to have used CST year round
1939# since sometime in the 1960s.
1940
1941# From Chris Walton (2006-06-26):
1942# The Saskatchewan time act which was last updated in 1996 is about 30 pages
1943# long and rather painful to read.
1944# http://www.qp.gov.sk.ca/documents/English/Statutes/Statutes/T14.pdf
1945
1946# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1947Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
1948Rule	Regina	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1949Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
1950Rule	Regina	1930	1934	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1951Rule	Regina	1937	1941	-	Apr	Sun>=8	0:00	1:00	D
1952Rule	Regina	1937	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1953Rule	Regina	1938	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
1954Rule	Regina	1939	1941	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
1955Rule	Regina	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
1956Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
1957Rule	Regina	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1958Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1959Rule	Regina	1946	only	-	Oct	Sun>=8	2:00	0	S
1960Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1961Rule	Regina	1947	1957	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1962Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1963Rule	Regina	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1964#
1965Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1966Rule	Swift	1957	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1967Rule	Swift	1959	1961	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
1968Rule	Swift	1959	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1969Rule	Swift	1960	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
1970# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
1971Zone America/Regina	-6:58:36 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1972			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1960 Apr lastSun  2:00
1973			-6:00	-	CST
1974Zone America/Swift_Current -7:11:20 -	LMT	1905 Sep
1975			-7:00	Canada	M%sT	1946 Apr lastSun  2:00
1976			-7:00	Regina	M%sT	1950
1977			-7:00	Swift	M%sT	1972 Apr lastSun  2:00
1978			-6:00	-	CST
1979
1980
1981# Alberta
1982
1983# From Alois Triendl (2019-07-19):
1984# There was no DST in Alberta in 1967... Calgary Herald, 29 April 1967.
1985# 1969, no DST, from Edmonton Journal 18 April 1969
1986#
1987# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
1988# Pearce's book says that Alberta's 1948 Daylight Saving Act required
1989# Mountain Standard Time without DST, and that "anyone who broke that law
1990# could be fined up to $25 and costs".  There seems to be no record of
1991# anybody paying the fine.  The law was not changed until an August 1971
1992# plebiscite reinstituted DST in 1972.  This story is also mentioned in:
1993# Boyer JP. Forcing Choice: The Risky Reward of Referendums. Dundum. 2017.
1994# ISBN 978-1459739123.
1995
1996# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
1997Rule	Edm	1918	1919	-	Apr	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
1998Rule	Edm	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
1999Rule	Edm	1919	only	-	May	27	2:00	0	S
2000Rule	Edm	1920	1923	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2001Rule	Edm	1920	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2002Rule	Edm	1921	1923	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2003Rule	Edm	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2004Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2005Rule	Edm	1945	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2006Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2007Rule	Edm	1947	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2008Rule	Edm	1972	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2009Rule	Edm	1972	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2010# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2011Zone America/Edmonton	-7:33:52 -	LMT	1906 Sep
2012			-7:00	Edm	M%sT	1987
2013			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2014
2015
2016# British Columbia
2017
2018# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2019# Shanks & Pottenger write that since 1970 most of this region has
2020# been like Vancouver.
2021# Dawson Creek uses MST.  Much of east BC is like Edmonton.
2022# Matthews and Vincent (1998) write that Creston is like Dawson Creek.
2023
2024# It seems though that (re: Creston) is not entirely correct:
2025
2026# From Chris Walton (2011-12-01):
2027# There are two areas within the Canadian province of British Columbia
2028# that do not currently observe daylight saving:
2029# a) The Creston Valley (includes the town of Creston and surrounding area)
2030# b) The eastern half of the Peace River Regional District
2031# (includes the cities of Dawson Creek and Fort St. John)
2032
2033# Earlier this year I stumbled across a detailed article about the time
2034# keeping history of Creston; it was written by Tammy Hardwick who is the
2035# manager of the Creston & District Museum. The article was written in May 2009.
2036# http://www.ilovecreston.com/?p=articles&t=spec&ar=260
2037# According to the article, Creston has not changed its clocks since June 1918.
2038# i.e. Creston has been stuck on UT-7 for 93 years.
2039# Dawson Creek, on the other hand, changed its clocks as recently as April 1972.
2040
2041# Unfortunately the exact date for the time change in June 1918 remains
2042# unknown and will be difficult to ascertain.  I e-mailed Tammy a few months
2043# ago to ask if Sunday June 2 was a reasonable guess.  She said it was just
2044# as plausible as any other date (in June).  She also said that after writing
2045# the article she had discovered another time change in 1916; this is the
2046# subject of another article which she wrote in October 2010.
2047# http://www.creston.museum.bc.ca/index.php?module=comments&uop=view_comment&cm+id=56
2048
2049# Here is a summary of the three clock change events in Creston's history:
2050# 1. 1884 or 1885: adoption of Mountain Standard Time (GMT-7)
2051# Exact date unknown
2052# 2. Oct 1916: switch to Pacific Standard Time (GMT-8)
2053# Exact date in October unknown; Sunday October 1 is a reasonable guess.
2054# 3. June 1918: switch to Pacific Daylight Time (GMT-7)
2055# Exact date in June unknown; Sunday June 2 is a reasonable guess.
2056# note 1:
2057# On Oct 27/1918 when daylight saving ended in the rest of Canada,
2058# Creston did not change its clocks.
2059# note 2:
2060# During WWII when the Federal Government legislated a mandatory clock change,
2061# Creston did not oblige.
2062# note 3:
2063# There is no guarantee that Creston will remain on Mountain Standard Time
2064# (UTC-7) forever.
2065# The subject was debated at least once this year by the town Council.
2066# http://www.bclocalnews.com/kootenay_rockies/crestonvalleyadvance/news/116760809.html
2067
2068# During a period WWII, summer time (Daylight saying) was mandatory in Canada.
2069# In Creston, that was handled by shifting the area to PST (-8:00) then applying
2070# summer time to cause the offset to be -7:00, the same as it had been before
2071# the change.  It can be argued that the timezone abbreviation during this
2072# period should be PDT rather than MST, but that doesn't seem important enough
2073# (to anyone) to further complicate the rules.
2074
2075# The transition dates (and times) are guesses.
2076
2077# From Matt Johnson (2015-09-21):
2078# Fort Nelson, BC, Canada will cancel DST this year.  So while previously they
2079# were aligned with America/Vancouver, they're now aligned with
2080# America/Dawson_Creek.
2081# http://www.northernrockies.ca/EN/meta/news/archives/2015/northern-rockies-time-change.html
2082#
2083# From Tim Parenti (2015-09-23):
2084# This requires a new zone for the Northern Rockies Regional Municipality,
2085# America/Fort_Nelson.  The resolution of 2014-12-08 was reached following a
2086# 2014-11-15 poll with nearly 75% support.  Effectively, the municipality has
2087# been on MST (-0700) like Dawson Creek since it advanced its clocks on
2088# 2015-03-08.
2089#
2090# From Paul Eggert (2019-07-25):
2091# Shanks says Fort Nelson did not observe DST in 1946, unlike Vancouver.
2092# Alois Triendl confirmed this on 07-22, citing the 1946-04-27 Vancouver Daily
2093# Province.  He also cited the 1946-09-28 Victoria Daily Times, which said
2094# that Vancouver, Victoria, etc. "change at midnight Saturday"; for now,
2095# guess they meant 02:00 Sunday since 02:00 was common practice in Vancouver.
2096#
2097# Early Vancouver, Volume Four, by Major J.S. Matthews, V.D., 2011 edition
2098# says that a 1922 plebiscite adopted DST, but a 1923 plebiscite rejected it.
2099# http://former.vancouver.ca/ctyclerk/archives/digitized/EarlyVan/SearchEarlyVan/Vol4pdf/MatthewsEarlyVancouverVol4_DaylightSavings.pdf
2100# A catalog entry for a newspaper clipping seems to indicate that Vancouver
2101# observed DST in 1941 from 07-07 through 09-27; see
2102# https://searcharchives.vancouver.ca/daylight-saving-1918-starts-again-july-7-1941-start-d-s-sept-27-end-of-d-s-1941
2103# We have no further details, so omit them for now.
2104
2105# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2106Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2107Rule	Vanc	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2108Rule	Vanc	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2109Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2110Rule	Vanc	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2111Rule	Vanc	1946	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2112Rule	Vanc	1946	only	-	Sep	29	2:00	0	S
2113Rule	Vanc	1947	1961	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2114Rule	Vanc	1962	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2115# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2116Zone America/Vancouver	-8:12:28 -	LMT	1884
2117			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
2118			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2119Zone America/Dawson_Creek -8:00:56 -	LMT	1884
2120			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	1947
2121			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1972 Aug 30  2:00
2122			-7:00	-	MST
2123Zone America/Fort_Nelson	-8:10:47 -	LMT	1884
2124			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1946
2125			-8:00	-	PST	1947
2126			-8:00	Vanc	P%sT	1987
2127			-8:00	Canada	P%sT	2015 Mar  8  2:00
2128			-7:00	-	MST
2129Zone America/Creston	-7:46:04 -	LMT	1884
2130			-7:00	-	MST	1916 Oct 1
2131			-8:00	-	PST	1918 Jun 2
2132			-7:00	-	MST
2133
2134# Northwest Territories, Nunavut, Yukon
2135
2136# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2137# Dawson switched to PST in 1973.  Inuvik switched to MST in 1979.
2138# Mathew Englander (1996-10-07) gives the following refs:
2139#	* 1967. Paragraph 28(34)(g) of the Interpretation Act, S.C. 1967-68,
2140#	c. 7 defines Yukon standard time as UTC-9....
2141#	see Interpretation Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. I-21, s. 35(1).
2142#	[https://www.canlii.org/en/ca/laws/stat/rsc-1985-c-i-21/latest/rsc-1985-c-i-21.html]
2143#	* C.O. 1973/214 switched Yukon to PST on 1973-10-28 00:00.
2144#	* O.I.C. 1980/02 established DST.
2145#	* O.I.C. 1987/056 changed DST to Apr firstSun 2:00 to Oct lastSun 2:00.
2146
2147# From Brian Inglis (2015-04-14):
2148#
2149# I tried to trace the history of Yukon time and found the following
2150# regulations, giving the reference title and URL if found, regulation name,
2151# and relevant quote if available.  Each regulation specifically revokes its
2152# predecessor.  The final reference is to the current Interpretation Act
2153# authorizing and resulting from these regulatory changes.
2154#
2155# Only recent regulations were retrievable via Yukon government site search or
2156# index, and only some via Canadian legal sources.  Other sources used include
2157# articles titled "Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada" from JRASC via ADS
2158# Abstracts, cited by ADO for 1932 ..., and updated versions from 1958 and
2159# 1970 quoted below; each article includes current extracts from provincial
2160# and territorial ST and DST regulations at the end, summaries and details of
2161# standard times and daylight saving time at many locations across Canada,
2162# with time zone maps, tables and calculations for Canadian Sunrise, Sunset,
2163# and LMST; they also cover many countries and global locations, with a chart
2164# and table showing current Universal Time offsets, and may be useful as
2165# another source of information for 1970 and earlier.
2166#
2167# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; JRASC, Vol. 26,
2168#   pp.49-77; February 1932; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2169#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1932JRASC..26...49S from p.75:
2170#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance
2171#   Yukon standard time is the local mean time at the one hundred and
2172#   thirty-fifth meridian.
2173#
2174# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Smith, C.C.; Thomson, Malcolm M.;
2175#   JRASC, Vol. 52, pp.193-223; October 1958; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System
2176#   (ADS) http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1958JRASC..52..193S from pp.220-1:
2177#   Yukon Interpretation Ordinance, 1955, Chap. 16.
2178#
2179#     (1) Subject to this section, standard time shall be reckoned as nine
2180#     hours behind Greenwich Time and called Yukon Standard Time.
2181#
2182#     (2) Notwithstanding subsection (1), the Commissioner may make regulations
2183#     varying the manner of reckoning standard time.
2184#
2185# * Yukon Territory Commissioner's Order 1966-20 Interpretation Ordinance
2186#   [no online source found]
2187#
2188# * Standard Time and Time Zones in Canada; Thomson, Malcolm M.; JRASC,
2189#   Vol. 64, pp.129-162; June 1970; SAO/NASA Astrophysics Data System (ADS)
2190#   http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1970JRASC..64..129T from p.156: Yukon
2191#   Territory Commissioner's Order 1967-59 Interpretation Ordinance ...
2192#
2193#     1. Commissioner's Order 1966-20 dated at Whitehorse in the Yukon
2194#     Territory on 27th January, 1966, is hereby revoked.
2195#
2196#     2. Yukon (East) Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the
2197#     Interpretation Ordinance from and after mid-night on the 28th day of May,
2198#     1967 shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that
2199#     is to say, eight hours behind Greenwich Time in the area of the Yukon
2200#     Territory lying east of the 138th degree longitude west.
2201#
2202#     3. In the remainder of the Territory, lying west of the 138th degree
2203#     longitude west, Yukon (West) Standard Time shall be reckoned as nine
2204#     hours behind Greenwich Time.
2205#
2206# * Yukon Standard Time defined as Pacific Standard Time, YCO 1973/214
2207#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yco-1973-214/latest/yco-1973-214.html
2208#   C.O. 1973/214 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2209#
2210#     1. Effective October 28, 1973 Commissioner's Order 1967/59 is hereby
2211#     revoked.
2212#
2213#     2. Yukon Standard Time as defined by section 36 of the Interpretation
2214#     Act from and after midnight on the twenty-eighth day of October, 1973
2215#     shall be reckoned in the same manner as Pacific Standard Time, that is
2216#     to say eight hours behind Greenwich Time.
2217#
2218# * O.I.C. 1980/02 INTERPRETATION ACT
2219#   [no online source found]
2220#
2221# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time, YOIC 1987/56
2222#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-1987-56/latest/yoic-1987-56.html
2223#   O.I.C. 1987/056 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2224#
2225#   In every year between
2226#     (a) two o'clock in the morning in the first Sunday in April, and
2227#     (b) two o'clock in the morning in the last Sunday in October,
2228#   Standard Time shall be reckoned as seven hours behind Greenwich Time and
2229#   called Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2230#   ...
2231#   Dated ... 9th day of March, A.D., 1987.
2232#
2233# * Yukon Daylight Saving Time 2006, YOIC 2006/127
2234#   https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/regu/yoic-2006-127/latest/yoic-2006-127.html
2235#   O.I.C. 2006/127 INTERPRETATION ACT ...
2236#
2237#     1. In Yukon each year the time for general purposes shall be 7 hours
2238#     behind Greenwich mean time during the period commencing at two o'clock
2239#     in the forenoon on the second Sunday of March and ending at two o'clock
2240#     in the forenoon on the first Sunday of November and shall be called
2241#     Yukon Daylight Saving Time.
2242#
2243#     2. Order-in-Council 1987/56 is revoked.
2244#
2245#     3. This order comes into force January 1, 2007.
2246#
2247# * Interpretation Act, RSY 2002, c 125
2248# https://www.canlii.org/en/yk/laws/stat/rsy-2002-c-125/latest/rsy-2002-c-125.html
2249
2250# From Rives McDow (1999-09-04):
2251# Nunavut ... moved ... to incorporate the whole territory into one time zone.
2252# Nunavut moves to single time zone Oct. 31
2253# http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt90903_13.html
2254#
2255# From Antoine Leca (1999-09-06):
2256# We then need to create a new timezone for the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut
2257# to differentiate it from the Yellowknife region.
2258
2259# From Paul Eggert (1999-09-20):
2260# Basic Facts: The New Territory
2261# http://www.nunavut.com/basicfacts/english/basicfacts_1territory.html
2262# (1999) reports that Pangnirtung operates on eastern time,
2263# and that Coral Harbour does not observe DST.  We don't know when
2264# Pangnirtung switched to eastern time; we'll guess 1995.
2265
2266# From Rives McDow (1999-11-08):
2267# On October 31, when the rest of Nunavut went to Central time,
2268# Pangnirtung wobbled.  Here is the result of their wobble:
2269#
2270# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Central Time:
2271#
2272#	First Air, Power Corp, Nunavut Construction, Health Center, RCMP,
2273#	Eastern Arctic National Parks, A & D Specialist
2274#
2275# The following businesses and organizations in Pangnirtung use Eastern Time:
2276#
2277#	Hamlet office, All other businesses, Both schools, Airport operator
2278#
2279# This has made for an interesting situation there, which warranted the news.
2280# No one there that I spoke with seems concerned, or has plans to
2281# change the local methods of keeping time, as it evidently does not
2282# really interfere with any activities or make things difficult locally.
2283# They plan to celebrate New Year's turn-over twice, one hour apart,
2284# so it appears that the situation will last at least that long.
2285# The Nunavut Intergovernmental Affairs hopes that they will "come to
2286# their senses", but the locals evidently don't see any problem with
2287# the current state of affairs.
2288
2289# From Michaela Rodrigue, writing in the
2290# Nunatsiaq News (1999-11-19):
2291# http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut991130/nvt91119_17.html
2292# Clyde River, Pangnirtung and Sanikiluaq now operate with two time zones,
2293# central - or Nunavut time - for government offices, and eastern time
2294# for municipal offices and schools....  Igloolik [was similar but then]
2295# made the switch to central time on Saturday, Nov. 6.
2296
2297# From Paul Eggert (2000-10-02):
2298# Matthews and Vincent (1998) say the following, but we lack histories
2299# for these potential new Zones.
2300#
2301# The Canadian Forces station at Alert uses Eastern Time while the
2302# handful of residents at the Eureka weather station [in the Central
2303# zone] skip daylight savings.  Baffin Island, which is crossed by the
2304# Central, Eastern and Atlantic Time zones only uses Eastern Time.
2305# Gjoa Haven, Taloyoak and Pelly Bay all use Mountain instead of
2306# Central Time and Southampton Island [in the Central zone] is not
2307# required to use daylight savings.
2308
2309# From <http://www.nunatsiaqonline.ca/archives/nunavut001130/nvt21110_02.html>
2310# Nunavut now has two time zones (2000-11-10):
2311# The Nunavut government would allow its employees in Kugluktuk and
2312# Cambridge Bay to operate on central time year-round, putting them
2313# one hour behind the rest of Nunavut for six months during the winter.
2314# At the end of October the two communities had rebelled against
2315# Nunavut's unified time zone, refusing to shift to eastern time with
2316# the rest of the territory for the winter.  Cambridge Bay remained on
2317# central time, while Kugluktuk, even farther west, reverted to
2318# mountain time, which they had used before the advent of Nunavut's
2319# unified time zone in 1999.
2320#
2321# From Rives McDow (2001-01-20), quoting the Nunavut government:
2322# The preceding decision came into effect at midnight, Saturday Nov 4, 2000.
2323
2324# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
2325# Let's just keep track of the official times for now.
2326
2327# From Rives McDow (2001-03-07):
2328# The premier of Nunavut has issued a ministerial statement advising
2329# that effective 2001-04-01, the territory of Nunavut will revert
2330# back to three time zones (mountain, central, and eastern).  Of the
2331# cities in Nunavut, Coral Harbor is the only one that I know of that
2332# has said it will not observe dst, staying on EST year round.  I'm
2333# checking for more info, and will get back to you if I come up with
2334# more.
2335# [Also see <http://www.nunatsiaq.com/nunavut/nvt10309_06.html> (2001-03-09).]
2336
2337# From Gwillim Law (2005-05-21):
2338# According to ...
2339# http://www.canadiangeographic.ca/Magazine/SO98/geomap.asp
2340# (from a 1998 Canadian Geographic article), the de facto and de jure time
2341# for Southampton Island (at the north end of Hudson Bay) is UTC-5 all year
2342# round.  Using Google, it's easy to find other websites that confirm this.
2343# I wasn't able to find how far back this time regimen goes, but since it
2344# predates the creation of Nunavut, it probably goes back many years....
2345# The Inuktitut name of Coral Harbour is Sallit, but it's rarely used.
2346#
2347# From Paul Eggert (2014-10-17):
2348# For lack of better information, assume that Southampton Island observed
2349# daylight saving only during wartime.  Gwillim Law's email also
2350# mentioned maps now maintained by National Research Council Canada;
2351# see above for an up-to-date link.
2352
2353# From Chris Walton (2007-03-01):
2354# ... the community of Resolute (located on Cornwallis Island in
2355# Nunavut) moved from Central Time to Eastern Time last November.
2356# Basically the community did not change its clocks at the end of
2357# daylight saving....
2358# http://www.nnsl.com/frames/newspapers/2006-11/nov13_06none.html
2359
2360# From Chris Walton (2011-03-21):
2361# Back in 2007 I initiated the creation of a new "zone file" for Resolute
2362# Bay. Resolute Bay is a small community located about 900km north of
2363# the Arctic Circle. The zone file was required because Resolute Bay had
2364# decided to use UTC-5 instead of UTC-6 for the winter of 2006-2007.
2365#
2366# According to new information which I received last week, Resolute Bay
2367# went back to using UTC-6 in the winter of 2007-2008...
2368#
2369# On March 11/2007 most of Canada went onto daylight saving. On March
2370# 14/2007 I phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office to do a "time check." I
2371# talked to somebody that was both knowledgeable and helpful. I was able
2372# to confirm that Resolute Bay was still operating on UTC-5. It was
2373# explained to me that Resolute Bay had been on the Eastern Time zone
2374# (EST) in the winter, and was now back on the Central Time zone (CDT).
2375# i.e. the time zone had changed twice in the last year but the clocks
2376# had not moved. The residents had to know which time zone they were in
2377# so they could follow the correct TV schedule...
2378#
2379# On Nov 02/2008 most of Canada went onto standard time. On Nov 03/2008 I
2380# phoned the Resolute Bay hamlet office...[D]ue to the challenging nature
2381# of the phone call, I decided to seek out an alternate source of
2382# information. I found an e-mail address for somebody by the name of
2383# Stephanie Adams whose job was listed as "Inns North Support Officer for
2384# Arctic Co-operatives." I was under the impression that Stephanie lived
2385# and worked in Resolute Bay...
2386#
2387# On March 14/2011 I phoned the hamlet office again. I was told that
2388# Resolute Bay had been using Central Standard Time over the winter of
2389# 2010-2011 and that the clocks had therefore been moved one hour ahead
2390# on March 13/2011. The person I talked to was aware that Resolute Bay
2391# had previously experimented with Eastern Standard Time but he could not
2392# tell me when the practice had stopped.
2393#
2394# On March 17/2011 I searched the Web to find an e-mail address of
2395# somebody that might be able to tell me exactly when Resolute Bay went
2396# off Eastern Standard Time. I stumbled on the name "Aziz Kheraj." Aziz
2397# used to be the mayor of Resolute Bay and he apparently owns half the
2398# businesses including "South Camp Inn." This website has some info on
2399# Aziz:
2400# http://www.uphere.ca/node/493
2401#
2402# I sent Aziz an e-mail asking when Resolute Bay had stopped using
2403# Eastern Standard Time.
2404#
2405# Aziz responded quickly with this: "hi, The time was not changed for the
2406# 1 year only, the following year, the community went back to the old way
2407# of "spring ahead-fall behind" currently we are zulu plus 5 hrs and in
2408# the winter Zulu plus 6 hrs"
2409#
2410# This of course conflicted with everything I had ascertained in November 2008.
2411#
2412# I sent Aziz a copy of my 2008 e-mail exchange with Stephanie. Aziz
2413# responded with this: "Hi, Stephanie lives in Winnipeg. I live here, You
2414# may want to check with the weather office in Resolute Bay or do a
2415# search on the weather through Env. Canada. web site"
2416#
2417# If I had realized the Stephanie did not live in Resolute Bay I would
2418# never have contacted her.  I now believe that all the information I
2419# obtained in November 2008 should be ignored...
2420# I apologize for reporting incorrect information in 2008.
2421
2422# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2423Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Apr	14	2:00	1:00	D
2424Rule	NT_YK	1918	only	-	Oct	27	2:00	0	S
2425Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	May	25	2:00	1:00	D
2426Rule	NT_YK	1919	only	-	Nov	 1	0:00	0	S
2427Rule	NT_YK	1942	only	-	Feb	 9	2:00	1:00	W # War
2428Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Aug	14	23:00u	1:00	P # Peace
2429Rule	NT_YK	1945	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2430Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	2:00	DD
2431Rule	NT_YK	1965	only	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2432Rule	NT_YK	1980	1986	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2433Rule	NT_YK	1980	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2434Rule	NT_YK	1987	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2435# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2436# aka Panniqtuuq
2437Zone America/Pangnirtung 0	-	-00	1921 # trading post est.
2438			-4:00	NT_YK	A%sT	1995 Apr Sun>=1  2:00
2439			-5:00	Canada	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2440			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2441			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2442# formerly Frobisher Bay
2443Zone America/Iqaluit	0	-	-00	1942 Aug # Frobisher Bay est.
2444			-5:00	NT_YK	E%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2445			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2446			-5:00	Canada	E%sT
2447# aka Qausuittuq
2448Zone America/Resolute	0	-	-00	1947 Aug 31 # Resolute founded
2449			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2450			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2451			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2006 Oct 29  2:00
2452			-5:00	-	EST	2007 Mar 11  3:00
2453			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2454# aka Kangiqiniq
2455Zone America/Rankin_Inlet 0	-	-00	1957 # Rankin Inlet founded
2456			-6:00	NT_YK	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2457			-5:00	-	EST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2458			-6:00	Canada	C%sT
2459# aka Iqaluktuuttiaq
2460Zone America/Cambridge_Bay 0	-	-00	1920 # trading post est.?
2461			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1999 Oct 31  2:00
2462			-6:00	Canada	C%sT	2000 Oct 29  2:00
2463			-5:00	-	EST	2000 Nov  5  0:00
2464			-6:00	-	CST	2001 Apr  1  3:00
2465			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2466Zone America/Yellowknife 0	-	-00	1935 # Yellowknife founded?
2467			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2468			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2469Zone America/Inuvik	0	-	-00	1953 # Inuvik founded
2470			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1979 Apr lastSun  2:00
2471			-7:00	NT_YK	M%sT	1980
2472			-7:00	Canada	M%sT
2473Zone America/Whitehorse	-9:00:12 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2474			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1967 May 28  0:00
2475			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2476			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2477Zone America/Dawson	-9:17:40 -	LMT	1900 Aug 20
2478			-9:00	NT_YK	Y%sT	1973 Oct 28  0:00
2479			-8:00	NT_YK	P%sT	1980
2480			-8:00	Canada	P%sT
2481
2482
2483###############################################################################
2484
2485# Mexico
2486
2487# From Paul Eggert (2014-12-07):
2488# The Investigation and Analysis Service of the
2489# Mexican Library of Congress (MLoC) has published a
2490# history of Mexican local time (in Spanish)
2491# http://www.diputados.gob.mx/bibliot/publica/inveyana/polisoc/horver/index.htm
2492#
2493# Here are the discrepancies between Shanks & Pottenger (S&P) and the MLoC.
2494# (In all cases we go with the MLoC.)
2495# S&P report that Baja was at -8:00 in 1922/1923.
2496# S&P say the 1930 transition in Baja was 1930-11-16.
2497# S&P report no DST during summer 1931.
2498# S&P report a transition at 1932-03-30 23:00, not 1932-04-01.
2499
2500# From Gwillim Law (2001-02-20):
2501# There are some other discrepancies between the Decrees page and the
2502# tz database.  I think they can best be explained by supposing that
2503# the researchers who prepared the Decrees page failed to find some of
2504# the relevant documents.
2505
2506# From Alan Perry (1996-02-15):
2507# A guy from our Mexico subsidiary finally found the Presidential Decree
2508# outlining the timezone changes in Mexico.
2509#
2510# ------------- Begin Forwarded Message -------------
2511#
2512# I finally got my hands on the Official Presidential Decree that sets up the
2513# rules for the DST changes. The rules are:
2514#
2515# 1. The country is divided in 3 timezones:
2516#    - Baja California Norte (the Mexico/BajaNorte TZ)
2517#    - Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa and Sonora (the Mexico/BajaSur TZ)
2518#    - The rest of the country (the Mexico/General TZ)
2519#
2520# 2. From the first Sunday in April at 2:00 AM to the last Sunday in October
2521#    at 2:00 AM, the times in each zone are as follows:
2522#    BajaNorte: GMT+7
2523#    BajaSur:   GMT+6
2524#    General:   GMT+5
2525#
2526# 3. The rest of the year, the times are as follows:
2527#    BajaNorte: GMT+8
2528#    BajaSur:   GMT+7
2529#    General:   GMT+6
2530#
2531# The Decree was published in Mexico's Official Newspaper on January 4th.
2532#
2533# -------------- End Forwarded Message --------------
2534# From Paul Eggert (1996-06-12):
2535# For an English translation of the decree, see
2536# "Diario Oficial: Time Zone Changeover" (1996-01-04).
2537# http://mexico-travel.com/extra/timezone_eng.html
2538
2539# From Rives McDow (1998-10-08):
2540# The State of Quintana Roo has reverted back to central STD and DST times
2541# (i.e. UTC -0600 and -0500 as of 1998-08-02).
2542
2543# From Rives McDow (2000-01-10):
2544# Effective April 4, 1999 at 2:00 AM local time, Sonora changed to the time
2545# zone 5 hours from the International Date Line, and will not observe daylight
2546# savings time so as to stay on the same time zone as the southern part of
2547# Arizona year round.
2548
2549# From Jesper Nørgaard, translating
2550# <http://www.reforma.com/nacional/articulo/064327/> (2001-01-17):
2551# In Oaxaca, the 55.000 teachers from the Section 22 of the National
2552# Syndicate of Education Workers, refuse to apply daylight saving each
2553# year, so that the more than 10,000 schools work at normal hour the
2554# whole year.
2555
2556# From Gwillim Law (2001-01-19):
2557# <http://www.reforma.com/negocios_y_dinero/articulo/064481/> ... says
2558# (translated):...
2559# January 17, 2000 - The Energy Secretary, Ernesto Martens, announced
2560# that Summer Time will be reduced from seven to five months, starting
2561# this year....
2562# http://www.publico.com.mx/scripts/texto3.asp?action=pagina&pag=21&pos=p&secc=naci&date=01/17/2001
2563# [translated], says "summer time will ... take effect on the first Sunday
2564# in May, and end on the last Sunday of September.
2565
2566# From Arthur David Olson (2001-01-25):
2567# The 2001-01-24 traditional Washington Post contained the page one
2568# story "Timely Issue Divides Mexicans."...
2569# http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A37383-2001Jan23.html
2570# ... Mexico City Mayor López Obrador "...is threatening to keep
2571# Mexico City and its 20 million residents on a different time than
2572# the rest of the country..." In particular, López Obrador would abolish
2573# observation of Daylight Saving Time.
2574
2575# Official statute published by the Energy Department
2576# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/decretohorver2001.html#decre
2577# (2001-02-01) shows Baja and Chihauhua as still using US DST rules,
2578# and Sonora with no DST.  This was reported by Jesper Nørgaard (2001-02-03).
2579
2580# From Paul Eggert (2001-03-03):
2581#
2582# https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-mar-03-mn-32561-story.html
2583# James F. Smith writes in today's LA Times
2584# * Sonora will continue to observe standard time.
2585# * Last week Mexico City's mayor Andrés Manuel López Obrador decreed that
2586#   the Federal District will not adopt DST.
2587# * 4 of 16 district leaders announced they'll ignore the decree.
2588# * The decree does not affect federal-controlled facilities including
2589#   the airport, banks, hospitals, and schools.
2590#
2591# For now we'll assume that the Federal District will bow to federal rules.
2592
2593# From Jesper Nørgaard (2001-04-01):
2594# I found some references to the Mexican application of daylight
2595# saving, which modifies what I had already sent you, stating earlier
2596# that a number of northern Mexican states would go on daylight
2597# saving. The modification reverts this to only cover Baja California
2598# (Norte), while all other states (except Sonora, who has no daylight
2599# saving all year) will follow the original decree of president
2600# Vicente Fox, starting daylight saving May 6, 2001 and ending
2601# September 30, 2001.
2602# References: "Diario de Monterrey" <http://www.diariodemonterrey.com/index.asp>
2603# Palabra <http://palabra.infosel.com/010331/primera/ppri3101.pdf> (2001-03-31)
2604
2605# From Reuters (2001-09-04):
2606# Mexico's Supreme Court on Tuesday declared that daylight savings was
2607# unconstitutional in Mexico City, creating the possibility the
2608# capital will be in a different time zone from the rest of the nation
2609# next year....  The Supreme Court's ruling takes effect at 2:00
2610# a.m. (0800 GMT) on Sept. 30, when Mexico is scheduled to revert to
2611# standard time. "This is so residents of the Federal District are not
2612# subject to unexpected time changes," a statement from the court said.
2613
2614# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2002-03-12):
2615# ... consulting my local grocery store(!) and my coworkers, they all insisted
2616# that a new decision had been made to reinstate US style DST in Mexico....
2617# http://www.conae.gob.mx/ahorro/horaver2001_m1_2002.html (2002-02-20)
2618# confirms this.  Sonora as usual is the only state where DST is not applied.
2619
2620# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-12-28):
2621#
2622# Steffen Thorsen wrote:
2623# > Mexico's House of Representatives has approved a proposal for northern
2624# > Mexico's border cities to share the same daylight saving schedule as
2625# > the United States.
2626# Now this has passed both the Congress and the Senate, so starting from
2627# 2010, some border regions will be the same:
2628# http://www.signonsandiego.com/news/2009/dec/28/clocks-will-match-both-sides-border/
2629# http://www.elmananarey.com/diario/noticia/nacional/noticias/empatan_horario_de_frontera_con_eu/621939
2630# (Spanish)
2631#
2632# Could not find the new law text, but the proposed law text changes are here:
2633# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/20091210-V.pdf
2634# (Gaceta Parlamentaria)
2635#
2636# There is also a list of the votes here:
2637# http://gaceta.diputados.gob.mx/Gaceta/61/2009/dic/V2-101209.html
2638#
2639# Our page:
2640# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/north-mexico-dst-change.html
2641
2642# From Arthur David Olson (2010-01-20):
2643# The page
2644# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2645# includes this text:
2646# En los municipios fronterizos de Tijuana y Mexicali en Baja California;
2647# Juárez y Ojinaga en Chihuahua; Acuña y Piedras Negras en Coahuila;
2648# Anáhuac en Nuevo León; y Nuevo Laredo, Reynosa y Matamoros en
2649# Tamaulipas, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá efecto
2650# desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a las dos
2651# horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2652# En los municipios fronterizos que se encuentren ubicados en la franja
2653# fronteriza norte en el territorio comprendido entre la línea
2654# internacional y la línea paralela ubicada a una distancia de veinte
2655# kilómetros, así como la Ciudad de Ensenada, Baja California, hacia el
2656# interior del país, la aplicación de este horario estacional surtirá
2657# efecto desde las dos horas del segundo domingo de marzo y concluirá a
2658# las dos horas del primer domingo de noviembre.
2659
2660# From Steffen Thorsen (2014-12-08), translated by Gwillim Law:
2661# The Mexican state of Quintana Roo will likely change to EST in 2015.
2662#
2663# http://www.unioncancun.mx/articulo/2014/12/04/medio-ambiente/congreso-aprueba-una-hora-mas-de-sol-en-qroo
2664# "With this change, the time conflict that has existed between the municipios
2665# of Quintana Roo and the municipio of Felipe Carrillo Puerto may come to an
2666# end. The latter declared itself in rebellion 15 years ago when a time change
2667# was initiated in Mexico, and since then it has refused to change its time
2668# zone along with the rest of the country."
2669#
2670# From Steffen Thorsen (2015-01-14), translated by Gwillim Law:
2671# http://sipse.com/novedades/confirman-aplicacion-de-nueva-zona-horaria-para-quintana-roo-132331.html
2672# "...the new time zone will come into effect at two o'clock on the first Sunday
2673# of February, when we will have to advance the clock one hour from its current
2674# time..."
2675# Also, the new zone will not use DST.
2676#
2677# From Carlos Raúl Perasso (2015-02-02):
2678# The decree that modifies the Mexican Hour System Law has finally
2679# been published at the Diario Oficial de la Federación
2680# http://www.dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5380123&fecha=31/01/2015
2681# It establishes 5 zones for Mexico:
2682# 1- Zona Centro (Central Zone): Corresponds to longitude 90 W,
2683#    includes most of Mexico, excluding what's mentioned below.
2684# 2- Zona Pacífico (Pacific Zone): Longitude 105 W, includes the
2685#    states of Baja California Sur; Chihuahua; Nayarit (excluding Bahía
2686#    de Banderas which lies in Central Zone); Sinaloa and Sonora.
2687# 3- Zona Noroeste (Northwest Zone): Longitude 120 W, includes the
2688#    state of Baja California.
2689# 4- Zona Sureste (Southeast Zone): Longitude 75 W, includes the state
2690#    of Quintana Roo.
2691# 5- The islands, reefs and keys shall take their timezone from the
2692#    longitude they are located at.
2693
2694# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2695Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Feb	5	0:00	1:00	D
2696Rule	Mexico	1939	only	-	Jun	25	0:00	0	S
2697Rule	Mexico	1940	only	-	Dec	9	0:00	1:00	D
2698Rule	Mexico	1941	only	-	Apr	1	0:00	0	S
2699Rule	Mexico	1943	only	-	Dec	16	0:00	1:00	W # War
2700Rule	Mexico	1944	only	-	May	1	0:00	0	S
2701Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	1:00	D
2702Rule	Mexico	1950	only	-	Jul	30	0:00	0	S
2703Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2704Rule	Mexico	1996	2000	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2705Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	May	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2706Rule	Mexico	2001	only	-	Sep	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2707Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Apr	Sun>=1	2:00	1:00	D
2708Rule	Mexico	2002	max	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2709# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2710# Quintana Roo; represented by Cancún
2711Zone America/Cancun	-5:47:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:12:56
2712			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2713			-5:00	Mexico	E%sT	1998 Aug  2  2:00
2714			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2015 Feb  1  2:00
2715			-5:00	-	EST
2716# Campeche, Yucatán; represented by Mérida
2717Zone America/Merida	-5:58:28 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:01:32
2718			-6:00	-	CST	1981 Dec 23
2719			-5:00	-	EST	1982 Dec  2
2720			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2721# Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (near US border)
2722# This includes the following municipalities:
2723#   in Coahuila: Ocampo, Acuña, Zaragoza, Jiménez, Piedras Negras, Nava,
2724#     Guerrero, Hidalgo.
2725#   in Nuevo León: Anáhuac, Los Aldama.
2726#   in Tamaulipas: Nuevo Laredo, Guerrero, Mier, Miguel Alemán, Camargo,
2727#     Gustavo Díaz Ordaz, Reynosa, Río Bravo, Valle Hermoso, Matamoros.
2728# See: Inicia mañana Horario de Verano en zona fronteriza, El Universal,
2729# 2016-03-12
2730# http://www.eluniversal.com.mx/articulo/estados/2016/03/12/inicia-manana-horario-de-verano-en-zona-fronteriza
2731Zone America/Matamoros	-6:40:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:20:00
2732			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2733			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2734			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2010
2735			-6:00	US	C%sT
2736# Durango; Coahuila, Nuevo León, Tamaulipas (away from US border)
2737Zone America/Monterrey	-6:41:16 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:18:44
2738			-6:00	-	CST	1988
2739			-6:00	US	C%sT	1989
2740			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2741# Central Mexico
2742Zone America/Mexico_City -6:36:36 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:23:24
2743			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2744			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2745			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2746			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2747			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2748			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	2001 Sep 30  2:00
2749			-6:00	-	CST	2002 Feb 20
2750			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2751# Chihuahua (near US border)
2752# This includes the municipalities of Janos, Ascensión, Juárez, Guadalupe,
2753# Práxedis G Guerrero, Coyame del Sotol, Ojinaga, and Manuel Benavides.
2754# (See the 2016-03-12 El Universal source mentioned above.)
2755Zone America/Ojinaga	-6:57:40 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:02:20
2756			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2757			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2758			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2759			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2760			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2761			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2762			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2763			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2764			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010
2765			-7:00	US	M%sT
2766# Chihuahua (away from US border)
2767Zone America/Chihuahua	-7:04:20 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:55:40
2768			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2769			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2770			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2771			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2772			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2773			-6:00	-	CST	1996
2774			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT	1998
2775			-6:00	-	CST	1998 Apr Sun>=1  3:00
2776			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2777# Sonora
2778Zone America/Hermosillo	-7:23:52 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:36:08
2779			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2780			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2781			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2782			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2783			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2784			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2785			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2786			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2787			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	1999
2788			-7:00	-	MST
2789
2790# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2010-04-21):
2791# According to news, Bahía de Banderas (Mexican state of Nayarit)
2792# changed time zone UTC-7 to new time zone UTC-6 on April 4, 2010 (to
2793# share the same time zone as nearby city Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco).
2794#
2795# (Spanish)
2796# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario al del centro del
2797# país, a partir de este domingo
2798# http://www.nayarit.gob.mx/notes.asp?id=20748
2799#
2800# Bahía de Banderas homologa su horario con el del Centro del
2801# País
2802# http://www.bahiadebanderas.gob.mx/principal/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=261:bahia-de-banderas-homologa-su-horario-con-el-del-centro-del-pais&catid=42:comunicacion-social&Itemid=50
2803#
2804# (English)
2805# Puerto Vallarta and Bahía de Banderas: One Time Zone
2806# http://virtualvallarta.com/puertovallarta/puertovallarta/localnews/2009-12-03-Puerto-Vallarta-and-Bahia-de-Banderas-One-Time-Zone.shtml
2807# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_mexico08.html
2808#
2809# "Mexico's Senate approved the amendments to the Mexican Schedule System that
2810# will allow Bahía de Banderas and Puerto Vallarta to share the same time
2811# zone ..."
2812# Baja California Sur, Nayarit, Sinaloa
2813
2814# From Arthur David Olson (2010-05-01):
2815# Use "Bahia_Banderas" to keep the name to fourteen characters.
2816
2817# Mazatlán
2818Zone America/Mazatlan	-7:05:40 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:54:20
2819			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2820			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2821			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2822			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2823			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2824			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2825			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2826			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2827			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT
2828
2829# Bahía de Banderas
2830Zone America/Bahia_Banderas	-7:01:00 -	LMT	1921 Dec 31 23:59:00
2831			-7:00	-	MST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2832			-6:00	-	CST	1930 Nov 15
2833			-7:00	-	MST	1931 May  1 23:00
2834			-6:00	-	CST	1931 Oct
2835			-7:00	-	MST	1932 Apr  1
2836			-6:00	-	CST	1942 Apr 24
2837			-7:00	-	MST	1949 Jan 14
2838			-8:00	-	PST	1970
2839			-7:00	Mexico	M%sT	2010 Apr  4  2:00
2840			-6:00	Mexico	C%sT
2841
2842# Baja California
2843Zone America/Tijuana	-7:48:04 -	LMT	1922 Jan  1  0:11:56
2844			-7:00	-	MST	1924
2845			-8:00	-	PST	1927 Jun 10 23:00
2846			-7:00	-	MST	1930 Nov 15
2847			-8:00	-	PST	1931 Apr  1
2848			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1931 Sep 30
2849			-8:00	-	PST	1942 Apr 24
2850			-8:00	1:00	PWT	1945 Aug 14 23:00u
2851			-8:00	1:00	PPT	1945 Nov 12 # Peace
2852			-8:00	-	PST	1948 Apr  5
2853			-8:00	1:00	PDT	1949 Jan 14
2854			-8:00	-	PST	1954
2855			-8:00	CA	P%sT	1961
2856			-8:00	-	PST	1976
2857			-8:00	US	P%sT	1996
2858			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2001
2859			-8:00	US	P%sT	2002 Feb 20
2860			-8:00	Mexico	P%sT	2010
2861			-8:00	US	P%sT
2862# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
2863# Formerly there was an America/Ensenada zone, which differed from
2864# America/Tijuana only in that it did not observe DST from 1976
2865# through 1995.  This was as per Shanks (1999).  But Shanks & Pottenger say
2866# Ensenada did not observe DST from 1948 through 1975.  Guy Harris reports
2867# that the 1987 OAG says "Only Ensenada, Mexicali, San Felipe and
2868# Tijuana observe DST," which agrees with Shanks & Pottenger but implies that
2869# DST-observance was a town-by-town matter back then.  This concerns
2870# data after 1970 so most likely there should be at least one Zone
2871# other than America/Tijuana for Baja, but it's not clear yet what its
2872# name or contents should be.
2873#
2874# From Paul Eggert (2015-10-08):
2875# Formerly there was an America/Santa_Isabel zone, but this appears to
2876# have come from a misreading of
2877# http://dof.gob.mx/nota_detalle.php?codigo=5127480&fecha=06/01/2010
2878# It has been moved to the 'backward' file.
2879#
2880#
2881# Revillagigedo Is
2882# no information
2883
2884###############################################################################
2885
2886# Anguilla
2887# Antigua and Barbuda
2888# See America/Port_of_Spain.
2889
2890# Bahamas
2891#
2892# For 1899 Milne gives -5:09:29.5; round that.
2893#
2894# From Sue Williams (2006-12-07):
2895# The Bahamas announced about a month ago that they plan to change their DST
2896# rules to sync with the U.S. starting in 2007....
2897# http://www.jonesbahamas.com/?c=45&a=10412
2898
2899# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2900Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Oct	lastSun	2:00	0	S
2901Rule	Bahamas	1964	1975	-	Apr	lastSun	2:00	1:00	D
2902# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2903Zone	America/Nassau	-5:09:30 -	LMT	1912 Mar 2
2904			-5:00	Bahamas	E%sT	1976
2905			-5:00	US	E%sT
2906
2907# Barbados
2908
2909# For 1899 Milne gives -3:58:29.2; round that.
2910
2911# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2912Rule	Barb	1977	only	-	Jun	12	2:00	1:00	D
2913Rule	Barb	1977	1978	-	Oct	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
2914Rule	Barb	1978	1980	-	Apr	Sun>=15	2:00	1:00	D
2915Rule	Barb	1979	only	-	Sep	30	2:00	0	S
2916Rule	Barb	1980	only	-	Sep	25	2:00	0	S
2917# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2918Zone America/Barbados	-3:58:29 -	LMT	1924 # Bridgetown
2919			-3:58:29 -	BMT	1932 # Bridgetown Mean Time
2920			-4:00	Barb	A%sT
2921
2922# Belize
2923# Whitman entirely disagrees with Shanks; go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2924# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2925Rule	Belize	1918	1942	-	Oct	Sun>=2	0:00	0:30	-0530
2926Rule	Belize	1919	1943	-	Feb	Sun>=9	0:00	0	CST
2927Rule	Belize	1973	only	-	Dec	 5	0:00	1:00	CDT
2928Rule	Belize	1974	only	-	Feb	 9	0:00	0	CST
2929Rule	Belize	1982	only	-	Dec	18	0:00	1:00	CDT
2930Rule	Belize	1983	only	-	Feb	12	0:00	0	CST
2931# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2932Zone	America/Belize	-5:52:48 -	LMT	1912 Apr
2933			-6:00	Belize	%s
2934
2935# Bermuda
2936
2937# For 1899 Milne gives -4:19:18.3 as the meridian of the clock tower,
2938# Bermuda dockyard, Ireland I; round that.
2939
2940# From Dan Jones, reporting in The Royal Gazette (2006-06-26):
2941
2942# Next year, however, clocks in the US will go forward on the second Sunday
2943# in March, until the first Sunday in November.  And, after the Time Zone
2944# (Seasonal Variation) Bill 2006 was passed in the House of Assembly on
2945# Friday, the same thing will happen in Bermuda.
2946# http://www.theroyalgazette.com/apps/pbcs.dll/article?AID=/20060529/NEWS/105290135
2947
2948# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2949Zone Atlantic/Bermuda	-4:19:18 -	LMT	1930 Jan  1  2:00 # Hamilton
2950			-4:00	-	AST	1974 Apr 28  2:00
2951			-4:00	Canada	A%sT	1976
2952			-4:00	US	A%sT
2953
2954# Cayman Is
2955# See America/Panama.
2956
2957# Costa Rica
2958
2959# Milne gives -5:36:13.3 as San José mean time; round to nearest.
2960
2961# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
2962Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Feb	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
2963Rule	CR	1979	1980	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
2964Rule	CR	1991	1992	-	Jan	Sat>=15	0:00	1:00	D
2965# IATA SSIM (1991-09) says the following was at 1:00;
2966# go with Shanks & Pottenger.
2967Rule	CR	1991	only	-	Jul	 1	0:00	0	S
2968Rule	CR	1992	only	-	Mar	15	0:00	0	S
2969# There are too many San Josés elsewhere, so we'll use 'Costa Rica'.
2970# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
2971Zone America/Costa_Rica	-5:36:13 -	LMT	1890        # San José
2972			-5:36:13 -	SJMT	1921 Jan 15 # San José Mean Time
2973			-6:00	CR	C%sT
2974# Coco
2975# no information; probably like America/Costa_Rica
2976
2977# Cuba
2978
2979# From Paul Eggert (2013-02-21):
2980# Milne gives -5:28:50.45 for the observatory at Havana, -5:29:23.57
2981# for the port, and -5:30 for meteorological observations.
2982# For now, stick with Shanks & Pottenger.
2983
2984# From Arthur David Olson (1999-03-29):
2985# The 1999-03-28 exhibition baseball game held in Havana, Cuba, between
2986# the Cuban National Team and the Baltimore Orioles was carried live on
2987# the Orioles Radio Network, including affiliate WTOP in Washington, DC.
2988# During the game, play-by-play announcer Jim Hunter noted that
2989# "We'll be losing two hours of sleep...Cuba switched to Daylight Saving
2990# Time today."  (The "two hour" remark referred to losing one hour of
2991# sleep on 1999-03-28 - when the announcers were in Cuba as it switched
2992# to DST - and one more hour on 1999-04-04 - when the announcers will have
2993# returned to Baltimore, which switches on that date.)
2994
2995# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-11-11):
2996# DST start in Cuba in 2004 ... does not follow the same rules as the
2997# years before.  The correct date should be Sunday 2004-03-28 00:00 ...
2998# https://web.archive.org/web/20040402060750/http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2004/marzo/sab27/reloj.html
2999
3000# From Evert van der Veer via Steffen Thorsen (2004-10-28):
3001# Cuba is not going back to standard time this year.
3002# From Paul Eggert (2006-03-22):
3003# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2004/septiembre/juev30/41medid-i.html
3004# says that it's due to a problem at the Antonio Guiteras
3005# thermoelectric plant, and says "This October there will be no return
3006# to normal hours (after daylight saving time)".
3007# For now, let's assume that it's a temporary measure.
3008
3009# From Carlos A. Carnero Delgado (2005-11-12):
3010# This year (just like in 2004-2005) there's no change in time zone
3011# adjustment in Cuba.  We will stay in daylight saving time:
3012# http://www.granma.cu/espanol/2005/noviembre/mier9/horario.html
3013
3014# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-10-21):
3015# An article in GRANMA INTERNACIONAL claims that Cuba will end
3016# the 3 years of permanent DST next weekend, see
3017# http://www.granma.cu/ingles/2006/octubre/lun16/43horario.html
3018# "On Saturday night, October 28 going into Sunday, October 29, at 01:00,
3019# watches should be set back one hour - going back to 00:00 hours - returning
3020# to the normal schedule....
3021
3022# From Paul Eggert (2007-03-02):
3023# <http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/english/news/art89.html>, dated yesterday,
3024# says Cuban clocks will advance at midnight on March 10.
3025# For lack of better information, assume Cuba will use US rules,
3026# except that it switches at midnight standard time as usual.
3027#
3028# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-10-25):
3029# Carlos Alberto Fonseca Arauz informed me that Cuba will end DST one week
3030# earlier - on the last Sunday of October, just like in 2006.
3031#
3032# He supplied these references:
3033#
3034# http://www.prensalatina.com.mx/article.asp?ID=%7B4CC32C1B-A9F7-42FB-8A07-8631AFC923AF%7D&language=ES
3035# http://actualidad.terra.es/sociedad/articulo/cuba_llama_ahorrar_energia_cambio_1957044.htm
3036#
3037# From Alex Krivenyshev (2007-10-25):
3038# Here is also article from Granma (Cuba):
3039#
3040# Regirá el Horario Normal desde el próximo domingo 28 de octubre
3041# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2007/10/24/nacional/artic07.html
3042#
3043# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba03.html
3044
3045# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-09):
3046# I'm in Maryland which is now observing United States Eastern Daylight
3047# Time. At 9:44 local time I used RealPlayer to listen to
3048# http://media.enet.cu/radioreloj
3049# a Cuban information station, and heard
3050# the time announced as "ocho cuarenta y cuatro" ("eight forty-four"),
3051# indicating that Cuba is still on standard time.
3052
3053# From Steffen Thorsen (2008-03-12):
3054# It seems that Cuba will start DST on Sunday, 2007-03-16...
3055# It was announced yesterday, according to this source (in Spanish):
3056# http://www.nnc.cubaweb.cu/marzo-2008/cien-1-11-3-08.htm
3057#
3058# Some more background information is posted here:
3059# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-march-16.html
3060#
3061# The article also says that Cuba has been observing DST since 1963,
3062# while Shanks (and tzdata) has 1965 as the first date (except in the
3063# 1940's). Many other web pages in Cuba also claim that it has been
3064# observed since 1963, but with the exception of 1970 - an exception
3065# which is not present in tzdata/Shanks. So there is a chance we need to
3066# change some historic records as well.
3067#
3068# One example:
3069# http://www.radiohc.cu/espanol/noticias/mar07/11mar/hor.htm
3070
3071# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2008-03-13):
3072# The Cuban time change has just been confirmed on the most authoritative
3073# web site, the Granma.  Please check out
3074# http://www.granma.cubaweb.cu/2008/03/13/nacional/artic10.html
3075#
3076# Basically as expected after Steffen Thorsen's information, the change
3077# will take place midnight between Saturday and Sunday.
3078
3079# From Arthur David Olson (2008-03-12):
3080# Assume Sun>=15 (third Sunday) going forward.
3081
3082# From Alexander Krivenyshev (2009-03-04)
3083# According to the Radio Reloj - Cuba will start Daylight Saving Time on
3084# midnight between Saturday, March 07, 2009 and Sunday, March 08, 2009-
3085# not on midnight March 14 / March 15 as previously thought.
3086#
3087# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_cuba05.html
3088# (in Spanish)
3089
3090# From Arthur David Olson (2009-03-09)
3091# I listened over the Internet to
3092# http://media.enet.cu/readioreloj
3093# this morning; when it was 10:05 a. m. here in Bethesda, Maryland the
3094# the time was announced as "diez cinco" - the same time as here, indicating
3095# that has indeed switched to DST. Assume second Sunday from 2009 forward.
3096
3097# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-03-08):
3098# Granma announced that Cuba is going to start DST on 2011-03-20 00:00:00
3099# this year. Nothing about the end date known so far (if that has
3100# changed at all).
3101#
3102# Source:
3103# http://granma.co.cu/2011/03/08/nacional/artic01.html
3104#
3105# Our info:
3106# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2011.html
3107#
3108# From Steffen Thorsen (2011-10-30)
3109# Cuba will end DST two weeks later this year. Instead of going back
3110# tonight, it has been delayed to 2011-11-13 at 01:00.
3111#
3112# One source (Spanish)
3113# http://www.radioangulo.cu/noticias/cuba/17105-cuba-restablecera-el-horario-del-meridiano-de-greenwich.html
3114#
3115# Our page:
3116# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-time-changes-2011.html
3117#
3118# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-01)
3119# According to Radio Reloj, Cuba will start DST on Midnight between March
3120# 31 and April 1.
3121#
3122# Radio Reloj has the following info (Spanish):
3123# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/71-miscelaneas/7529-cuba-aplicara-el-horario-de-verano-desde-el-1-de-abril
3124#
3125# Our info on it:
3126# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/cuba-starts-dst-2012.html
3127
3128# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-11-03):
3129# Radio Reloj and many other sources report that Cuba is changing back
3130# to standard time on 2012-11-04:
3131# http://www.radioreloj.cu/index.php/noticias-radio-reloj/36-nacionales/9961-regira-horario-normal-en-cuba-desde-el-domingo-cuatro-de-noviembre
3132# From Paul Eggert (2012-11-03):
3133# For now, assume the future rule is first Sunday in November.
3134
3135# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3136Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Jun	10	0:00	1:00	D
3137Rule	Cuba	1928	only	-	Oct	10	0:00	0	S
3138Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3139Rule	Cuba	1940	1942	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3140Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Jun	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3141Rule	Cuba	1945	1946	-	Sep	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3142Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Jun	1	0:00	1:00	D
3143Rule	Cuba	1965	only	-	Sep	30	0:00	0	S
3144Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	May	29	0:00	1:00	D
3145Rule	Cuba	1966	only	-	Oct	2	0:00	0	S
3146Rule	Cuba	1967	only	-	Apr	8	0:00	1:00	D
3147Rule	Cuba	1967	1968	-	Sep	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3148Rule	Cuba	1968	only	-	Apr	14	0:00	1:00	D
3149Rule	Cuba	1969	1977	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3150Rule	Cuba	1969	1971	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3151Rule	Cuba	1972	1974	-	Oct	8	0:00	0	S
3152Rule	Cuba	1975	1977	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3153Rule	Cuba	1978	only	-	May	7	0:00	1:00	D
3154Rule	Cuba	1978	1990	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00	0	S
3155Rule	Cuba	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00	1:00	D
3156Rule	Cuba	1981	1985	-	May	Sun>=5	0:00	1:00	D
3157Rule	Cuba	1986	1989	-	Mar	Sun>=14	0:00	1:00	D
3158Rule	Cuba	1990	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3159Rule	Cuba	1991	1995	-	Oct	Sun>=8	0:00s	0	S
3160Rule	Cuba	1996	only	-	Oct	 6	0:00s	0	S
3161Rule	Cuba	1997	only	-	Oct	12	0:00s	0	S
3162Rule	Cuba	1998	1999	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3163Rule	Cuba	1998	2003	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3164Rule	Cuba	2000	2003	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00s	1:00	D
3165Rule	Cuba	2004	only	-	Mar	lastSun	0:00s	1:00	D
3166Rule	Cuba	2006	2010	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00s	0	S
3167Rule	Cuba	2007	only	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3168Rule	Cuba	2008	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3169Rule	Cuba	2009	2010	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3170Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Mar	Sun>=15	0:00s	1:00	D
3171Rule	Cuba	2011	only	-	Nov	13	0:00s	0	S
3172Rule	Cuba	2012	only	-	Apr	1	0:00s	1:00	D
3173Rule	Cuba	2012	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	0:00s	0	S
3174Rule	Cuba	2013	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	0:00s	1:00	D
3175
3176# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3177Zone	America/Havana	-5:29:28 -	LMT	1890
3178			-5:29:36 -	HMT	1925 Jul 19 12:00 # Havana MT
3179			-5:00	Cuba	C%sT
3180
3181# Dominica
3182# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3183
3184# Dominican Republic
3185
3186# From Steffen Thorsen (2000-10-30):
3187# Enrique Morales reported to me that the Dominican Republic has changed the
3188# time zone to Eastern Standard Time as of Sunday 29 at 2 am....
3189# http://www.listin.com.do/antes/261000/republica/princi.html
3190
3191# From Paul Eggert (2000-12-04):
3192# That URL (2000-10-26, in Spanish) says they planned to use US-style DST.
3193
3194# From Rives McDow (2000-12-01):
3195# Dominican Republic changed its mind and presidential decree on Tuesday,
3196# November 28, 2000, with a new decree.  On Sunday, December 3 at 1:00 AM the
3197# Dominican Republic will be reverting to 8 hours from the International Date
3198# Line, and will not be using DST in the foreseeable future.  The reason they
3199# decided to use DST was to be in synch with Puerto Rico, who was also going
3200# to implement DST.  When Puerto Rico didn't implement DST, the president
3201# decided to revert.
3202
3203
3204# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3205Rule	DR	1966	only	-	Oct	30	0:00	1:00	EDT
3206Rule	DR	1967	only	-	Feb	28	0:00	0	EST
3207Rule	DR	1969	1973	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0:30	-0430
3208Rule	DR	1970	only	-	Feb	21	0:00	0	EST
3209Rule	DR	1971	only	-	Jan	20	0:00	0	EST
3210Rule	DR	1972	1974	-	Jan	21	0:00	0	EST
3211# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3212Zone America/Santo_Domingo -4:39:36 -	LMT	1890
3213			-4:40	-	SDMT	1933 Apr  1 12:00 # S. Dom. MT
3214			-5:00	DR	%s	1974 Oct 27
3215			-4:00	-	AST	2000 Oct 29  2:00
3216			-5:00	US	E%sT	2000 Dec  3  1:00
3217			-4:00	-	AST
3218
3219# El Salvador
3220
3221# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3222Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3223Rule	Salv	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3224# There are too many San Salvadors elsewhere, so use America/El_Salvador
3225# instead of America/San_Salvador.
3226# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3227Zone America/El_Salvador -5:56:48 -	LMT	1921 # San Salvador
3228			-6:00	Salv	C%sT
3229
3230# Grenada
3231# Guadeloupe
3232# St Barthélemy
3233# St Martin (French part)
3234# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3235
3236# Guatemala
3237#
3238# From Gwillim Law (2006-04-22), after a heads-up from Oscar van Vlijmen:
3239# Diario Co Latino, at
3240# <http://www.diariocolatino.com/internacionales/detalles.asp?NewsID=8079>,
3241# says in an article dated 2006-04-19 that the Guatemalan government had
3242# decided on that date to advance official time by 60 minutes, to lessen the
3243# impact of the elevated cost of oil....  Daylight saving time will last from
3244# 2006-04-29 24:00 (Guatemalan standard time) to 2006-09-30 (time unspecified).
3245# From Paul Eggert (2006-06-22):
3246# The Ministry of Energy and Mines, press release CP-15/2006
3247# (2006-04-19), says DST ends at 24:00.  See
3248# http://www.sieca.org.gt/Sitio_publico/Energeticos/Doc/Medidas/Cambio_Horario_Nac_190406.pdf
3249
3250# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3251Rule	Guat	1973	only	-	Nov	25	0:00	1:00	D
3252Rule	Guat	1974	only	-	Feb	24	0:00	0	S
3253Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	May	21	0:00	1:00	D
3254Rule	Guat	1983	only	-	Sep	22	0:00	0	S
3255Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Mar	23	0:00	1:00	D
3256Rule	Guat	1991	only	-	Sep	 7	0:00	0	S
3257Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Apr	30	0:00	1:00	D
3258Rule	Guat	2006	only	-	Oct	 1	0:00	0	S
3259# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3260Zone America/Guatemala	-6:02:04 -	LMT	1918 Oct 5
3261			-6:00	Guat	C%sT
3262
3263# Haiti
3264# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-15):
3265# Risto O. Nykänen wrote me that Haiti is now on DST.
3266# I searched for confirmation, and I found a press release
3267# on the Web page of the Haitian Consulate in Chicago (2005-03-31),
3268# <http://www.haitianconsulate.org/time.doc>.  Translated from French, it says:
3269#
3270#  "The Prime Minister's Communication Office notifies the public in general
3271#   and the press in particular that, following a decision of the Interior
3272#   Ministry and the Territorial Collectivities [I suppose that means the
3273#   provinces], Haiti will move to Eastern Daylight Time in the night from next
3274#   Saturday the 2nd to Sunday the 3rd.
3275#
3276#  "Consequently, the Prime Minister's Communication Office wishes to inform
3277#   the population that the country's clocks will be set forward one hour
3278#   starting at midnight.  This provision will hold until the last Saturday in
3279#   October 2005.
3280#
3281#  "Port-au-Prince, March 31, 2005"
3282#
3283# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-04-04):
3284# I have been informed by users that Haiti observes DST this year like
3285# last year, so the current "only" rule for 2005 might be changed to a
3286# "max" rule or to last until 2006. (Who knows if they will observe DST
3287# next year or if they will extend their DST like US/Canada next year).
3288#
3289# I have found this article about it (in French):
3290# http://www.haitipressnetwork.com/news.cfm?articleID=7612
3291#
3292# The reason seems to be an energy crisis.
3293
3294# From Stephen Colebourne (2007-02-22):
3295# Some IATA info: Haiti won't be having DST in 2007.
3296
3297# From Steffen Thorsen (2012-03-11):
3298# According to several news sources, Haiti will observe DST this year,
3299# apparently using the same start and end date as USA/Canada.
3300# So this means they have already changed their time.
3301#
3302# http://www.alterpresse.org/spip.php?article12510
3303# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/home/?p=13253
3304#
3305# From Arthur David Olson (2012-03-11):
3306# The alterpresse.org source seems to show a US-style leap from 2:00 a.m. to
3307# 3:00 a.m. rather than the traditional Haitian jump at midnight.
3308# Assume a US-style fall back as well.
3309
3310# From Steffen Thorsen (2013-03-10):
3311# It appears that Haiti is observing DST this year as well, same rules
3312# as US/Canada.  They did it last year as well, and it looks like they
3313# are going to observe DST every year now...
3314#
3315# http://radiovision2000haiti.net/public/haiti-avis-changement-dheure-dimanche/
3316# http://www.canalplushaiti.net/?p=6714
3317
3318# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-03-12):
3319# Jean Antoine, editor of www.haiti-reference.com informed us that Haiti
3320# are not going on DST this year.  Several other resources confirm this: ...
3321# https://www.radiotelevisioncaraibes.com/presse/heure_d_t_pas_de_changement_d_heure_pr_vu_pour_cet_ann_e.html
3322# https://www.vantbefinfo.com/changement-dheure-pas-pour-haiti/
3323# http://news.anmwe.com/haiti-lheure-nationale-ne-sera-ni-avancee-ni-reculee-cette-annee/
3324
3325# From Steffen Thorsen (2017-03-12):
3326# We have received 4 mails from different people telling that Haiti
3327# has started DST again today, and this source seems to confirm that,
3328# I have not been able to find a more authoritative source:
3329# https://www.haitilibre.com/en/news-20319-haiti-notices-time-change-in-haiti.html
3330
3331# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3332Rule	Haiti	1983	only	-	May	8	0:00	1:00	D
3333Rule	Haiti	1984	1987	-	Apr	lastSun	0:00	1:00	D
3334Rule	Haiti	1983	1987	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3335# Shanks & Pottenger say AT is 2:00, but IATA SSIM (1991/1997) says 1:00s.
3336# Go with IATA.
3337Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Apr	Sun>=1	1:00s	1:00	D
3338Rule	Haiti	1988	1997	-	Oct	lastSun	1:00s	0	S
3339Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Apr	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3340Rule	Haiti	2005	2006	-	Oct	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3341Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3342Rule	Haiti	2012	2015	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3343Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Mar	Sun>=8	2:00	1:00	D
3344Rule	Haiti	2017	max	-	Nov	Sun>=1	2:00	0	S
3345# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3346Zone America/Port-au-Prince -4:49:20 -	LMT	1890
3347			-4:49	-	PPMT	1917 Jan 24 12:00 # P-a-P MT
3348			-5:00	Haiti	E%sT
3349
3350# Honduras
3351# Shanks & Pottenger say 1921 Jan 1; go with Whitman's more precise Apr 1.
3352
3353# From Paul Eggert (2006-05-05):
3354# worldtimezone.com reports a 2006-05-02 Spanish-language AP article
3355# saying Honduras will start using DST midnight Saturday, effective 4
3356# months until September.  La Tribuna reported today
3357# <http://www.latribuna.hn/99299.html> that Manuel Zelaya, the president
3358# of Honduras, refused to back down on this.
3359
3360# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-08-08):
3361# It seems that Honduras has returned from DST to standard time this Monday at
3362# 00:00 hours (prolonging Sunday to 25 hours duration).
3363# http://www.worldtimezone.com/dst_news/dst_news_honduras04.html
3364
3365# From Paul Eggert (2006-08-08):
3366# Also see Diario El Heraldo, The country returns to standard time (2006-08-08).
3367# http://www.elheraldo.hn/nota.php?nid=54941&sec=12
3368# It mentions executive decree 18-2006.
3369
3370# From Steffen Thorsen (2006-08-17):
3371# Honduras will observe DST from 2007 to 2009, exact dates are not
3372# published, I have located this authoritative source:
3373# http://www.presidencia.gob.hn/noticia.aspx?nId=47
3374
3375# From Steffen Thorsen (2007-03-30):
3376# http://www.laprensahn.com/pais_nota.php?id04962=7386
3377# So it seems that Honduras will not enter DST this year....
3378
3379# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3380Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3381Rule	Hond	1987	1988	-	Sep	lastSun	0:00	0	S
3382Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	May	Sun>=1	0:00	1:00	D
3383Rule	Hond	2006	only	-	Aug	Mon>=1	0:00	0	S
3384# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3385Zone America/Tegucigalpa -5:48:52 -	LMT	1921 Apr
3386			-6:00	Hond	C%sT
3387#
3388# Great Swan I ceded by US to Honduras in 1972
3389
3390# Jamaica
3391# Shanks & Pottenger give -5:07:12, but Milne records -5:07:10.41 from an
3392# unspecified official document, and says "This time is used throughout the
3393# island".  Go with Milne.  Round to the nearest second as required by zic.
3394#
3395# Shanks & Pottenger give April 28 for the 1974 spring-forward transition, but
3396# Lance Neita writes that Prime Minister Michael Manley decreed it January 5.
3397# Assume Neita meant Jan 6 02:00, the same as the US.  Neita also writes that
3398# Manley's supporters associated this act with Manley's nickname "Joshua"
3399# (recall that in the Bible the sun stood still at Joshua's request),
3400# and with the Rod of Correction which Manley said he had received from
3401# Haile Selassie, Emperor of Ethiopia.  See:
3402# Neita L. The politician in all of us. Jamaica Observer 2014-09-20
3403# http://www.jamaicaobserver.com/columns/The-politician-in-all-of-us_17573647
3404#
3405# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3406Zone	America/Jamaica	-5:07:10 -	LMT	1890        # Kingston
3407			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb    # Kingston Mean Time
3408			-5:00	-	EST	1974
3409			-5:00	US	E%sT	1984
3410			-5:00	-	EST
3411
3412# Martinique
3413# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3414Zone America/Martinique	-4:04:20 -      LMT	1890        # Fort-de-France
3415			-4:04:20 -	FFMT	1911 May    # Fort-de-France MT
3416			-4:00	-	AST	1980 Apr  6
3417			-4:00	1:00	ADT	1980 Sep 28
3418			-4:00	-	AST
3419
3420# Montserrat
3421# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3422
3423# Nicaragua
3424#
3425# This uses Shanks & Pottenger for times before 2005.
3426#
3427# From Steffen Thorsen (2005-04-12):
3428# I've got reports from 8 different people that Nicaragua just started
3429# DST on Sunday 2005-04-10, in order to save energy because of
3430# expensive petroleum.  The exact end date for DST is not yet
3431# announced, only "September" but some sites also say "mid-September".
3432# Some background information is available on the President's official site:
3433# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/Presidencia/Files_index/Secretaria/Notas%20de%20Prensa/Presidente/2005/ABRIL/Gobierno-de-nicaragua-adelanta-hora-oficial-06abril.htm
3434# The Decree, no 23-2005 is available here:
3435# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2005/Decreto%2023-2005%20Se%20adelanta%20en%20una%20hora%20en%20todo%20el%20territorio%20nacional%20apartir%20de%20las%2024horas%20del%2009%20de%20Abril.pdf
3436#
3437# From Paul Eggert (2005-05-01):
3438# The decree doesn't say anything about daylight saving, but for now let's
3439# assume that it is daylight saving....
3440#
3441# From Gwillim Law (2005-04-21):
3442# The Associated Press story on the time change, which can be found at
3443# http://www.lapalmainteractivo.com/guias/content/gen/ap/America_Latina/AMC_GEN_NICARAGUA_HORA.html
3444# and elsewhere, says (fifth paragraph, translated from Spanish): "The last
3445# time that a change of clocks was applied to save energy was in the year 2000
3446# during the Arnoldo Alemán administration."...
3447# The northamerica file says that Nicaragua has been on UTC-6 continuously
3448# since December 1998.  I wasn't able to find any details of Nicaraguan time
3449# changes in 2000.  Perhaps a note could be added to the northamerica file, to
3450# the effect that we have indirect evidence that DST was observed in 2000.
3451#
3452# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2005-11-02):
3453# Nicaragua left DST the 2005-10-02 at 00:00 (local time).
3454# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/presidencia/files_index/secretaria/comunicados/2005/septiembre/26septiembre-cambio-hora.htm
3455# (2005-09-26)
3456#
3457# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-05-05):
3458# http://www.elnuevodiario.com.ni/2006/05/01/nacionales/18410
3459# (my informal translation)
3460# By order of the president of the republic, Enrique Bolaños, Nicaragua
3461# advanced by sixty minutes their official time, yesterday at 2 in the
3462# morning, and will stay that way until 30th of September.
3463#
3464# From Jesper Nørgaard Welen (2006-09-30):
3465# http://www.presidencia.gob.ni/buscador_gaceta/BD/DECRETOS/2006/D-063-2006P-PRN-Cambio-Hora.pdf
3466# My informal translation runs:
3467# The natural sun time is restored in all the national territory, in that the
3468# time is returned one hour at 01:00 am of October 1 of 2006.
3469#
3470# Rule	NAME	FROM	TO	TYPE	IN	ON	AT	SAVE	LETTER/S
3471Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Mar	Sun>=16	0:00	1:00	D
3472Rule	Nic	1979	1980	-	Jun	Mon>=23	0:00	0	S
3473Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Apr	10	0:00	1:00	D
3474Rule	Nic	2005	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	0:00	0	S
3475Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Apr	30	2:00	1:00	D
3476Rule	Nic	2006	only	-	Oct	Sun>=1	1:00	0	S
3477# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3478Zone	America/Managua	-5:45:08 -	LMT	1890
3479			-5:45:12 -	MMT	1934 Jun 23 # Managua Mean Time?
3480			-6:00	-	CST	1973 May
3481			-5:00	-	EST	1975 Feb 16
3482			-6:00	Nic	C%sT	1992 Jan  1  4:00
3483			-5:00	-	EST	1992 Sep 24
3484			-6:00	-	CST	1993
3485			-5:00	-	EST	1997
3486			-6:00	Nic	C%sT
3487
3488# Panama
3489# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3490Zone	America/Panama	-5:18:08 -	LMT	1890
3491			-5:19:36 -	CMT	1908 Apr 22 # Colón Mean Time
3492			-5:00	-	EST
3493Link America/Panama America/Cayman
3494
3495# Puerto Rico
3496# There are too many San Juans elsewhere, so we'll use 'Puerto_Rico'.
3497# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3498Zone America/Puerto_Rico -4:24:25 -	LMT	1899 Mar 28 12:00 # San Juan
3499			-4:00	-	AST	1942 May  3
3500			-4:00	US	A%sT	1946
3501			-4:00	-	AST
3502
3503# St Kitts-Nevis
3504# St Lucia
3505# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3506
3507# St Pierre and Miquelon
3508# There are too many St Pierres elsewhere, so we'll use 'Miquelon'.
3509# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3510Zone America/Miquelon	-3:44:40 -	LMT	1911 May 15 # St Pierre
3511			-4:00	-	AST	1980 May
3512			-3:00	-	-03	1987
3513			-3:00	Canada	-03/-02
3514
3515# St Vincent and the Grenadines
3516# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3517
3518# Turks and Caicos
3519#
3520# From Chris Dunn in
3521# https://bugs.debian.org/415007
3522# (2007-03-15): In the Turks & Caicos Islands (America/Grand_Turk) the
3523# daylight saving dates for time changes have been adjusted to match
3524# the recent U.S. change of dates.
3525#
3526# From Brian Inglis (2007-04-28):
3527# http://www.turksandcaicos.tc/calendar/index.htm [2007-04-26]
3528# there is an entry for Nov 4 "Daylight Savings Time Ends 2007" and three
3529# rows before that there is an out of date entry for Oct:
3530# "Eastern Standard Times Begins 2007
3531# Clocks are set back one hour at 2:00 a.m. local Daylight Saving Time"
3532# indicating that the normal ET rules are followed.
3533#
3534# From Paul Eggert (2014-08-19):
3535# The 2014-08-13 Cabinet meeting decided to stay on UT -04 year-round.  See:
3536# http://tcweeklynews.com/daylight-savings-time-to-be-maintained-p5353-127.htm
3537# Model this as a switch from EST/EDT to AST ...
3538# From Chris Walton (2014-11-04):
3539# ... the TCI government appears to have delayed the switch to
3540# "permanent daylight saving time" by one year....
3541# http://tcweeklynews.com/time-change-to-go-ahead-this-november-p5437-127.htm
3542#
3543# From the Turks & Caicos Cabinet (2017-07-20), heads-up from Steffen Thorsen:
3544# ... agreed to the reintroduction in TCI of Daylight Saving Time (DST)
3545# during the summer months and Standard Time, also known as Local
3546# Time, during the winter months with effect from April 2018 ...
3547# https://www.gov.uk/government/news/turks-and-caicos-post-cabinet-meeting-statement--3
3548#
3549# From Paul Eggert (2017-08-26):
3550# The date of effect of the spring 2018 change appears to be March 11,
3551# which makes more sense.  See: Hamilton D. Time change back
3552# by March 2018 for TCI. Magnetic Media. 2017-08-25.
3553# http://magneticmediatv.com/2017/08/time-change-back-by-march-2018-for-tci/
3554#
3555# Zone	NAME		STDOFF	RULES	FORMAT	[UNTIL]
3556Zone America/Grand_Turk	-4:44:32 -	LMT	1890
3557			-5:07:10 -	KMT	1912 Feb # Kingston Mean Time
3558			-5:00	-	EST	1979
3559			-5:00	US	E%sT	2015 Nov Sun>=1 2:00
3560			-4:00	-	AST	2018 Mar 11 3:00
3561			-5:00	US	E%sT
3562
3563# British Virgin Is
3564# Virgin Is
3565# See America/Port_of_Spain.
3566
3567
3568# Local Variables:
3569# coding: utf-8
3570# End:
3571