105e627dcSAndy Fiddaman# tzdb data for Antarctica and environs 205e627dcSAndy Fiddaman 3707182d7SNobutomo Nakano# This file is in the public domain, so clarified as of 4707182d7SNobutomo Nakano# 2009-05-17 by Arthur David Olson. 57c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 67c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# From Paul Eggert (1999-11-15): 77c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# To keep things manageable, we list only locations occupied year-round; see 87c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# COMNAP - Stations and Bases 96f8e8937SDan McDonald# http://www.comnap.aq/comnap/comnap.nsf/P/Stations/ 107c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# and 117c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Summary of the Peri-Antarctic Islands (1998-07-23) 126f8e8937SDan McDonald# http://www.spri.cam.ac.uk/bob/periant.htm 137c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# for information. 147c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Unless otherwise specified, we have no time zone information. 15c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 16374df668SAndy Fiddaman# FORMAT is '-00' and STDOFF is 0 for locations while uninhabited. 177c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 187c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Argentina - year-round bases 197c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Belgrano II, Confin Coast, -770227-0343737, since 1972-02-05 206f8e8937SDan McDonald# Carlini, Potter Cove, King George Island, -6414-0602320, since 1982-01 216f8e8937SDan McDonald# Esperanza, Hope Bay, -6323-05659, since 1952-12-17 226f8e8937SDan McDonald# Marambio, -6414-05637, since 1969-10-29 237c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Orcadas, Laurie I, -6016-04444, since 1904-02-22 246f8e8937SDan McDonald# San Martín, Barry I, -6808-06706, since 1951-03-21 257c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# (except 1960-03 / 1976-03-21) 267c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 277c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Australia - territories 287c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Heard Island, McDonald Islands (uninhabited) 297c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# previously sealers and scientific personnel wintered 307c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Margaret Turner reports 31b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://web.archive.org/web/20021204222245/http://www.dstc.qut.edu.au/DST/marg/daylight.html 32c2d5ab87SDan McDonald# (1999-09-30) that they're UT +05, with no DST; 337c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# presumably this is when they have visitors. 347c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 357c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# year-round bases 367c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Casey, Bailey Peninsula, -6617+11032, since 1969 377c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Davis, Vestfold Hills, -6835+07759, since 1957-01-13 387c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# (except 1964-11 - 1969-02) 397c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Mawson, Holme Bay, -6736+06253, since 1954-02-13 405e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano 415e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# From Steffen Thorsen (2009-03-11): 425e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# Three Australian stations in Antarctica have changed their time zone: 435e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# Casey moved from UTC+8 to UTC+11 445e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# Davis moved from UTC+7 to UTC+5 455e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# Mawson moved from UTC+6 to UTC+5 465e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# The changes occurred on 2009-10-18 at 02:00 (local times). 475e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# 485e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# Government source: (Australian Antarctic Division) 495e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# http://www.aad.gov.au/default.asp?casid=37079 505e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# 515e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano# We have more background information here: 52b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antarctica-new-times.html 535e298e8fSNobutomo Nakano 54cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# From Steffen Thorsen (2010-03-10): 55a43ba736SRobert Mustacchi# We got these changes from the Australian Antarctic Division: ... 56cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# 57cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# - Casey station reverted to its normal time of UTC+8 on 5 March 2010. 58cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# The change to UTC+11 is being considered as a regular summer thing but 59cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# has not been decided yet. 60cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# 61cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# - Davis station will revert to its normal time of UTC+7 at 10 March 2010 62cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# 20:00 UTC. 63cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# 64cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# - Mawson station stays on UTC+5. 65cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# 66cedde648SNobutomo Nakano# Background: 67b654b02dSYuri Pankov# https://www.timeanddate.com/news/time/antartica-time-changes-2010.html 68cedde648SNobutomo Nakano 69dafc4501SDan McDonald# From Steffen Thorsen (2016-10-28): 70dafc4501SDan McDonald# Australian Antarctica Division informed us that Casey changed time 71dafc4501SDan McDonald# zone to UTC+11 in "the morning of 22nd October 2016". 72dafc4501SDan McDonald 73f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# From Steffen Thorsen (2020-10-02, as corrected): 74f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Based on information we have received from the Australian Antarctic 75f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Division, Casey station and Macquarie Island station will move to Tasmanian 76f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# daylight savings time on Sunday 4 October. This will take effect from 0001 77f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# hrs on Sunday 4 October 2020 and will mean Casey and Macquarie Island will 78f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# be on the same time zone as Hobart. Some past dates too for this 3 hour 79f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# time change back and forth between UTC+8 and UTC+11 for Casey: 80f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# - 2018 Oct 7 4:00 - 2019 Mar 17 3:00 - 2019 Oct 4 3:00 - 2020 Mar 8 3:00 81f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# and now - 2020 Oct 4 0:01 82f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 83*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Paul Eggert (2023-12-20): 84*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# Transitions from 2021 on are taken from: 85*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# https://www.timeanddate.com/time/zone/antarctica/casey 86*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# retrieved at various dates. 87*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 88374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 89f915e6d3SRobert MustacchiZone Antarctica/Casey 0 - -00 1969 90f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2009 Oct 18 2:00 91c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 11:00 - +11 2010 Mar 5 2:00 92f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2011 Oct 28 2:00 93c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 11:00 - +11 2012 Feb 21 17:00u 94f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2016 Oct 22 953508b934SYuri Pankov 11:00 - +11 2018 Mar 11 4:00 96f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2018 Oct 7 4:00 97f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 11:00 - +11 2019 Mar 17 3:00 98f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2019 Oct 4 3:00 99f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 11:00 - +11 2020 Mar 8 3:00 100f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2020 Oct 4 0:01 101*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 11:00 - +11 2021 Mar 14 0:00 102*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2021 Oct 3 0:01 103*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 11:00 - +11 2022 Mar 13 0:00 104*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 2022 Oct 2 0:01 105*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 11:00 - +11 2023 Mar 9 3:00 106*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 8:00 - +08 107c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldZone Antarctica/Davis 0 - -00 1957 Jan 13 108c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 1964 Nov 109c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 0 - -00 1969 Feb 110c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 2009 Oct 18 2:00 111c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 2010 Mar 10 20:00u 112c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 2011 Oct 28 2:00 113c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 2012 Feb 21 20:00u 114c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 7:00 - +07 115c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldZone Antarctica/Mawson 0 - -00 1954 Feb 13 116c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 6:00 - +06 2009 Oct 18 2:00 117c2d5ab87SDan McDonald 5:00 - +05 1187c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# References: 1197c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Casey Weather (1998-02-26) 1206f8e8937SDan McDonald# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/casey/casey_aws.html 1217c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Davis Station, Antarctica (1998-02-26) 1226f8e8937SDan McDonald# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/davis/video.html 1237c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Mawson Station, Antarctica (1998-02-25) 1246f8e8937SDan McDonald# http://www.antdiv.gov.au/aad/exop/sfo/mawson/video.html 1256f8e8937SDan McDonald 1266f8e8937SDan McDonald# Belgium - year-round base 1276f8e8937SDan McDonald# Princess Elisabeth, Queen Maud Land, -713412+0231200, since 2007 1287c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1297c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Brazil - year-round base 1306f8e8937SDan McDonald# Ferraz, King George Island, -6205+05824, since 1983/4 1316f8e8937SDan McDonald 1326f8e8937SDan McDonald# Bulgaria - year-round base 1336f8e8937SDan McDonald# St. Kliment Ohridski, Livingston Island, -623829-0602153, since 1988 1347c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1357c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Chile - year-round bases and towns 1367c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Escudero, South Shetland Is, -621157-0585735, since 1994 1376f8e8937SDan McDonald# Frei Montalva, King George Island, -6214-05848, since 1969-03-07 1386f8e8937SDan McDonald# O'Higgins, Antarctic Peninsula, -6319-05704, since 1948-02 1396f8e8937SDan McDonald# Prat, -6230-05941 14080868c53Srobbin# Villa Las Estrellas (a town), around the Frei base, since 1984-04-09 141dafc4501SDan McDonald# These locations employ Region of Magallanes time; use 142dafc4501SDan McDonald# TZ='America/Punta_Arenas'. 1437c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1447c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# China - year-round bases 14580868c53Srobbin# Great Wall, King George Island, -6213-05858, since 1985-02-20 14680868c53Srobbin# Zhongshan, Larsemann Hills, Prydz Bay, -6922+07623, since 1989-02-26 1477c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1486f8e8937SDan McDonald# France - year-round bases (also see "France & Italy") 1497c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 150f430f59aSrobbin# From Antoine Leca (1997-01-20): 1516f8e8937SDan McDonald# Time data entries are from Nicole Pailleau at the IFRTP 1527c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# (French Institute for Polar Research and Technology). 1536f8e8937SDan McDonald# She confirms that French Southern Territories and Terre Adélie bases 1546f8e8937SDan McDonald# don't observe daylight saving time, even if Terre Adélie supplies came 1557c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# from Tasmania. 1567c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 1577c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# French Southern Territories with year-round inhabitants 1587c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 1596f8e8937SDan McDonald# Alfred Faure, Possession Island, Crozet Islands, -462551+0515152, since 1964; 1606f8e8937SDan McDonald# sealing & whaling stations operated variously 1802/1911+; 16106965442SAndy Fiddaman# see Asia/Dubai. 1626f8e8937SDan McDonald# 1636f8e8937SDan McDonald# Martin-de-Viviès, Amsterdam Island, -374105+0773155, since 1950 1646f8e8937SDan McDonald# Port-aux-Français, Kerguelen Islands, -492110+0701303, since 1951; 1657c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# whaling & sealing station operated 1908/1914, 1920/1929, and 1951/1956 1667c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 1677c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# St Paul Island - near Amsterdam, uninhabited 1687c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# fishing stations operated variously 1819/1931 1697c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 170427b4c5cSAndy Fiddaman# Kerguelen - see Indian/Maldives. 1717c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 1727c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# year-round base in the main continent 17306965442SAndy Fiddaman# Dumont d'Urville - see Pacific/Port_Moresby. 1746f8e8937SDan McDonald 1756f8e8937SDan McDonald# France & Italy - year-round base 1766f8e8937SDan McDonald# Concordia, -750600+1232000, since 2005 1777c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1787c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Germany - year-round base 1796f8e8937SDan McDonald# Neumayer III, -704080-0081602, since 2009 1807c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1816f8e8937SDan McDonald# India - year-round bases 1826f8e8937SDan McDonald# Bharati, -692428+0761114, since 2012 1836f8e8937SDan McDonald# Maitri, -704558+0114356, since 1989 1846f8e8937SDan McDonald 1856f8e8937SDan McDonald# Italy - year-round base (also see "France & Italy") 1866f8e8937SDan McDonald# Zuchelli, Terra Nova Bay, -744140+1640647, since 1986 1877c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1887c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Japan - year-round bases 18906965442SAndy Fiddaman# See Asia/Riyadh. 1907c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1917c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# S Korea - year-round base 1926f8e8937SDan McDonald# Jang Bogo, Terra Nova Bay, -743700+1641205 since 2014 19380868c53Srobbin# King Sejong, King George Island, -6213-05847, since 1988 1947c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 1957c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# New Zealand - claims 1967c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Balleny Islands (never inhabited) 1977c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Scott Island (never inhabited) 1987c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 1997c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# year-round base 200a43ba736SRobert Mustacchi# Scott Base, Ross Island, since 1957-01. 201a43ba736SRobert Mustacchi# See Pacific/Auckland. 2027c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 2037c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Norway - territories 2047c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Bouvet (never inhabited) 2057c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 2067c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# claims 2077c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Peter I Island (never inhabited) 2086f8e8937SDan McDonald# 2096f8e8937SDan McDonald# year-round base 2106f8e8937SDan McDonald# Troll, Queen Maud Land, -720041+0023206, since 2005-02-12 2116f8e8937SDan McDonald# 2126f8e8937SDan McDonald# From Paul-Inge Flakstad (2014-03-10): 2136f8e8937SDan McDonald# I recently had a long dialog about this with the developer of timegenie.com. 2146f8e8937SDan McDonald# In the absence of specific dates, he decided to choose some likely ones: 2156f8e8937SDan McDonald# GMT +1 - From March 1 to the last Sunday in March 2166f8e8937SDan McDonald# GMT +2 - From the last Sunday in March until the last Sunday in October 2176f8e8937SDan McDonald# GMT +1 - From the last Sunday in October until November 7 2186f8e8937SDan McDonald# GMT +0 - From November 7 until March 1 2196f8e8937SDan McDonald# The dates for switching to and from UTC+0 will probably not be absolutely 2206f8e8937SDan McDonald# correct, but they should be quite close to the actual dates. 2216f8e8937SDan McDonald# 2226f8e8937SDan McDonald# From Paul Eggert (2014-03-21): 223c2d5ab87SDan McDonald# The CET-switching Troll rules require zic from tz 2014b or later, so as 2246f8e8937SDan McDonald# suggested by Bengt-Inge Larsson comment them out for now, and approximate 2256f8e8937SDan McDonald# with only UTC and CEST. Uncomment them when 2014b is more prevalent. 2266f8e8937SDan McDonald# 227f915e6d3SRobert Mustacchi# Rule NAME FROM TO - IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S 228c2d5ab87SDan McDonald#Rule Troll 2005 max - Mar 1 1:00u 1:00 +01 229c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldRule Troll 2005 max - Mar lastSun 1:00u 2:00 +02 230c2d5ab87SDan McDonald#Rule Troll 2005 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 1:00 +01 231c2d5ab87SDan McDonald#Rule Troll 2004 max - Nov 7 1:00u 0:00 +00 2326f8e8937SDan McDonald# Remove the following line when uncommenting the above '#Rule' lines. 233c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldRule Troll 2004 max - Oct lastSun 1:00u 0:00 +00 234374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 235c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldZone Antarctica/Troll 0 - -00 2005 Feb 12 2366f8e8937SDan McDonald 0:00 Troll %s 2377c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 2387c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Poland - year-round base 2397c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Arctowski, King George Island, -620945-0582745, since 1977 2407c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 2416f8e8937SDan McDonald# Romania - year-bound base 2426f8e8937SDan McDonald# Law-Racoviță, Larsemann Hills, -692319+0762251, since 1986 2436f8e8937SDan McDonald 2447c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Russia - year-round bases 2457c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Bellingshausen, King George Island, -621159-0585337, since 1968-02-22 2467c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Mirny, Davis coast, -6633+09301, since 1956-02 24780868c53Srobbin# Molodezhnaya, Alasheyev Bay, -6740+04551, 24880868c53Srobbin# year-round from 1962-02 to 1999-07-01 2497c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Novolazarevskaya, Queen Maud Land, -7046+01150, 2507c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# year-round from 1960/61 to 1992 2517c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 2527c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Vostok, since 1957-12-16, temporarily closed 1994-02/1994-11 253*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Craig Mundell (1994-12-15): 254*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# http://quest.arc.nasa.gov/antarctica/QA/computers/Directions,Time,ZIP 255*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# Vostok, which is one of the Russian stations, is set on the same 256*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# time as Moscow, Russia. 257*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# 258*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Lee Hotz (2001-03-08): 259*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# I queried the folks at Columbia who spent the summer at Vostok and this is 260*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# what they had to say about time there: 261*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# "in the US Camp (East Camp) we have been on New Zealand (McMurdo) 262*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# time, which is 12 hours ahead of GMT. The Russian Station Vostok was 263*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# 6 hours behind that (although only 2 miles away, i.e. 6 hours ahead 264*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# of GMT). This is a time zone I think two hours east of Moscow. The 265*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# natural time zone is in between the two: 8 hours ahead of GMT." 266*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# 267*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Paul Eggert (2001-05-04): 268*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# This seems to be hopelessly confusing, so I asked Lee Hotz about it 269*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# in person. He said that some Antarctic locations set their local 270*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# time so that noon is the warmest part of the day, and that this 271*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# changes during the year and does not necessarily correspond to mean 272*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# solar noon. So the Vostok time might have been whatever the clocks 273*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# happened to be during their visit. So we still don't really know what time 274*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# it is at Vostok. 275*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# 276*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Zakhary V. Akulov (2023-12-17 22:00:48 +0700): 277*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# ... from December, 18, 2023 00:00 by my decision the local time of 278*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# the Antarctic research base Vostok will correspond to UTC+5. 279*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# (2023-12-19): We constantly interact with Progress base, with company who 280*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# builds new wintering station, with sledge convoys, with aviation - they all 281*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# use UTC+5. Besides, difference between Moscow time is just 2 hours now, not 4. 282*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# (2023-12-19, in response to the question "Has local time at Vostok 283*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# been UTC+6 ever since 1957, or has it changed before?"): No. At least 284*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# since my antarctic career start, 10 years ago, Vostok base has UTC+7. 285*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# (In response to a 2023-12-18 question "from 02:00 to 00:00 today"): This. 286*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# 287*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# From Paul Eggert (2023-12-18): 288*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# For lack of better info, guess Vostok was at +07 from founding through today, 289*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# except when closed. 290*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 291*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 292*b4eb54e1SRobert MustacchiZone Antarctica/Vostok 0 - -00 1957 Dec 16 293*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 7:00 - +07 1994 Feb 294*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 0 - -00 1994 Nov 295*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 7:00 - +07 2023 Dec 18 2:00 296*b4eb54e1SRobert Mustacchi 5:00 - +05 2977c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 2987c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# S Africa - year-round bases 29980868c53Srobbin# Marion Island, -4653+03752 3006f8e8937SDan McDonald# SANAE IV, Vesleskarvet, Queen Maud Land, -714022-0025026, since 1997 3016f8e8937SDan McDonald 3026f8e8937SDan McDonald# Ukraine - year-round base 3036f8e8937SDan McDonald# Vernadsky (formerly Faraday), Galindez Island, -651445-0641526, since 1954 3047c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 3056f8e8937SDan McDonald# United Kingdom 3067c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 3077c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# British Antarctic Territories (BAT) claims 3087c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# South Orkney Islands 3097c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# scientific station from 1903 3107c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# whaling station at Signy I 1920/1926 3117c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# South Shetland Islands 3127c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 3137c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# year-round bases 3147c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Bird Island, South Georgia, -5400-03803, since 1983 3157c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Deception Island, -6259-06034, whaling station 1912/1931, 3167c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# scientific station 1943/1967, 3177c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# previously sealers and a scientific expedition wintered by accident, 3187c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# and a garrison was deployed briefly 3197c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Halley, Coates Land, -7535-02604, since 1956-01-06 3207c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Halley is on a moving ice shelf and is periodically relocated 3217c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# so that it is never more than 10km from its nominal location. 3227c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Rothera, Adelaide Island, -6734-6808, since 1976-12-01 3237c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 3247c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# From Paul Eggert (2002-10-22) 3257c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# <http://webexhibits.org/daylightsaving/g.html> says Rothera is -03 all year. 3267c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 327374df668SAndy Fiddaman# Zone NAME STDOFF RULES FORMAT [UNTIL] 328c2d5ab87SDan McDonaldZone Antarctica/Rothera 0 - -00 1976 Dec 1 329c2d5ab87SDan McDonald -3:00 - -03 3307c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 3317c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Uruguay - year round base 3327c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Artigas, King George Island, -621104-0585107 3337c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate 3347c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# USA - year-round bases 3357c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 3367c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Palmer, Anvers Island, since 1965 (moved 2 miles in 1968) 33756b82ca8SDan McDonald# See 'southamerica' for Antarctica/Palmer, since it uses South American DST. 3387c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 339a43ba736SRobert Mustacchi# McMurdo Station, Ross Island, since 1955-12 340a43ba736SRobert Mustacchi# Amundsen-Scott South Pole Station, continuously occupied since 1956-11-20 3417c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 342f430f59aSrobbin# From Chris Carrier (1996-06-27): 3437c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Siple, the first commander of the South Pole station, 3447c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# stated that he would have liked to have kept GMT at the station, 3457c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# but that he found it more convenient to keep GMT+12 3467c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# as supplies for the station were coming from McMurdo Sound, 3477c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# which was on GMT+12 because New Zealand was on GMT+12 all year 348af2e290bSAndy Fiddaman# at that time (1957). (Source: Siple's book 90° South.) 3497c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 3507c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# From Susan Smith 3517c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# http://www.cybertours.com/whs/pole10.html 3527c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# (1995-11-13 16:24:56 +1300, no longer available): 3537c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# We use the same time as McMurdo does. 3547c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# And they use the same time as Christchurch, NZ does.... 3557c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# One last quirk about South Pole time. 3567c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# All the electric clocks are usually wrong. 3577c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Something about the generators running at 60.1hertz or something 3587c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# makes all of the clocks run fast. So every couple of days, 3597c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# we have to go around and set them back 5 minutes or so. 3607c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# Maybe if we let them run fast all of the time, we'd get to leave here sooner!! 3617c478bd9Sstevel@tonic-gate# 362f117aa50SRobert Mustacchi# See Pacific/Auckland. 363