xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c (revision 842727c2f41f01b380de4f5e787d905702870f23)
1 /*
2  * CDDL HEADER START
3  *
4  * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
5  * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
6  * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
7  *
8  * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
9  * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
10  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
11  * and limitations under the License.
12  *
13  * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
14  * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
15  * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
16  * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
17  * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
18  *
19  * CDDL HEADER END
20  */
21 
22 /*
23  * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
24  * Use is subject to license terms.
25  */
26 
27 #include <assert.h>
28 #include <ctype.h>
29 #include <dirent.h>
30 #include <errno.h>
31 #include <fcntl.h>
32 #include <libgen.h>
33 #include <libintl.h>
34 #include <libuutil.h>
35 #include <locale.h>
36 #include <stdio.h>
37 #include <stdlib.h>
38 #include <string.h>
39 #include <strings.h>
40 #include <unistd.h>
41 #include <priv.h>
42 #include <pwd.h>
43 #include <zone.h>
44 #include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
45 
46 #include <sys/stat.h>
47 
48 #include <libzfs.h>
49 
50 #include "zpool_util.h"
51 #include "zfs_comutil.h"
52 
53 static int zpool_do_create(int, char **);
54 static int zpool_do_destroy(int, char **);
55 
56 static int zpool_do_add(int, char **);
57 static int zpool_do_remove(int, char **);
58 
59 static int zpool_do_list(int, char **);
60 static int zpool_do_iostat(int, char **);
61 static int zpool_do_status(int, char **);
62 
63 static int zpool_do_online(int, char **);
64 static int zpool_do_offline(int, char **);
65 static int zpool_do_clear(int, char **);
66 
67 static int zpool_do_attach(int, char **);
68 static int zpool_do_detach(int, char **);
69 static int zpool_do_replace(int, char **);
70 
71 static int zpool_do_scrub(int, char **);
72 
73 static int zpool_do_import(int, char **);
74 static int zpool_do_export(int, char **);
75 
76 static int zpool_do_upgrade(int, char **);
77 
78 static int zpool_do_history(int, char **);
79 
80 static int zpool_do_get(int, char **);
81 static int zpool_do_set(int, char **);
82 
83 /*
84  * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
85  * debugging facilities.
86  */
87 
88 #ifdef DEBUG
89 const char *
90 _umem_debug_init(void)
91 {
92 	return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
93 }
94 
95 const char *
96 _umem_logging_init(void)
97 {
98 	return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
99 }
100 #endif
101 
102 typedef enum {
103 	HELP_ADD,
104 	HELP_ATTACH,
105 	HELP_CLEAR,
106 	HELP_CREATE,
107 	HELP_DESTROY,
108 	HELP_DETACH,
109 	HELP_EXPORT,
110 	HELP_HISTORY,
111 	HELP_IMPORT,
112 	HELP_IOSTAT,
113 	HELP_LIST,
114 	HELP_OFFLINE,
115 	HELP_ONLINE,
116 	HELP_REPLACE,
117 	HELP_REMOVE,
118 	HELP_SCRUB,
119 	HELP_STATUS,
120 	HELP_UPGRADE,
121 	HELP_GET,
122 	HELP_SET
123 } zpool_help_t;
124 
125 
126 typedef struct zpool_command {
127 	const char	*name;
128 	int		(*func)(int, char **);
129 	zpool_help_t	usage;
130 } zpool_command_t;
131 
132 /*
133  * Master command table.  Each ZFS command has a name, associated function, and
134  * usage message.  The usage messages need to be internationalized, so we have
135  * to have a function to return the usage message based on a command index.
136  *
137  * These commands are organized according to how they are displayed in the usage
138  * message.  An empty command (one with a NULL name) indicates an empty line in
139  * the generic usage message.
140  */
141 static zpool_command_t command_table[] = {
142 	{ "create",	zpool_do_create,	HELP_CREATE		},
143 	{ "destroy",	zpool_do_destroy,	HELP_DESTROY		},
144 	{ NULL },
145 	{ "add",	zpool_do_add,		HELP_ADD		},
146 	{ "remove",	zpool_do_remove,	HELP_REMOVE		},
147 	{ NULL },
148 	{ "list",	zpool_do_list,		HELP_LIST		},
149 	{ "iostat",	zpool_do_iostat,	HELP_IOSTAT		},
150 	{ "status",	zpool_do_status,	HELP_STATUS		},
151 	{ NULL },
152 	{ "online",	zpool_do_online,	HELP_ONLINE		},
153 	{ "offline",	zpool_do_offline,	HELP_OFFLINE		},
154 	{ "clear",	zpool_do_clear,		HELP_CLEAR		},
155 	{ NULL },
156 	{ "attach",	zpool_do_attach,	HELP_ATTACH		},
157 	{ "detach",	zpool_do_detach,	HELP_DETACH		},
158 	{ "replace",	zpool_do_replace,	HELP_REPLACE		},
159 	{ NULL },
160 	{ "scrub",	zpool_do_scrub,		HELP_SCRUB		},
161 	{ NULL },
162 	{ "import",	zpool_do_import,	HELP_IMPORT		},
163 	{ "export",	zpool_do_export,	HELP_EXPORT		},
164 	{ "upgrade",	zpool_do_upgrade,	HELP_UPGRADE		},
165 	{ NULL },
166 	{ "history",	zpool_do_history,	HELP_HISTORY		},
167 	{ "get",	zpool_do_get,		HELP_GET		},
168 	{ "set",	zpool_do_set,		HELP_SET		},
169 };
170 
171 #define	NCOMMAND	(sizeof (command_table) / sizeof (command_table[0]))
172 
173 zpool_command_t *current_command;
174 static char history_str[HIS_MAX_RECORD_LEN];
175 
176 static const char *
177 get_usage(zpool_help_t idx) {
178 	switch (idx) {
179 	case HELP_ADD:
180 		return (gettext("\tadd [-fn] <pool> <vdev> ...\n"));
181 	case HELP_ATTACH:
182 		return (gettext("\tattach [-f] <pool> <device> "
183 		    "<new-device>\n"));
184 	case HELP_CLEAR:
185 		return (gettext("\tclear <pool> [device]\n"));
186 	case HELP_CREATE:
187 		return (gettext("\tcreate [-fn] [-o property=value] ... \n"
188 		    "\t    [-O file-system-property=value] ... \n"
189 		    "\t    [-m mountpoint] [-R root] <pool> <vdev> ...\n"));
190 	case HELP_DESTROY:
191 		return (gettext("\tdestroy [-f] <pool>\n"));
192 	case HELP_DETACH:
193 		return (gettext("\tdetach <pool> <device>\n"));
194 	case HELP_EXPORT:
195 		return (gettext("\texport [-f] <pool> ...\n"));
196 	case HELP_HISTORY:
197 		return (gettext("\thistory [-il] [<pool>] ...\n"));
198 	case HELP_IMPORT:
199 		return (gettext("\timport [-d dir] [-D]\n"
200 		    "\timport [-o mntopts] [-o property=value] ... \n"
201 		    "\t    [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-D] [-f] [-R root] -a\n"
202 		    "\timport [-o mntopts] [-o property=value] ... \n"
203 		    "\t    [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-D] [-f] [-R root] "
204 		    "<pool | id> [newpool]\n"));
205 	case HELP_IOSTAT:
206 		return (gettext("\tiostat [-v] [pool] ... [interval "
207 		    "[count]]\n"));
208 	case HELP_LIST:
209 		return (gettext("\tlist [-H] [-o property[,...]] "
210 		    "[pool] ...\n"));
211 	case HELP_OFFLINE:
212 		return (gettext("\toffline [-t] <pool> <device> ...\n"));
213 	case HELP_ONLINE:
214 		return (gettext("\tonline <pool> <device> ...\n"));
215 	case HELP_REPLACE:
216 		return (gettext("\treplace [-f] <pool> <device> "
217 		    "[new-device]\n"));
218 	case HELP_REMOVE:
219 		return (gettext("\tremove <pool> <device> ...\n"));
220 	case HELP_SCRUB:
221 		return (gettext("\tscrub [-s] <pool> ...\n"));
222 	case HELP_STATUS:
223 		return (gettext("\tstatus [-vx] [pool] ...\n"));
224 	case HELP_UPGRADE:
225 		return (gettext("\tupgrade\n"
226 		    "\tupgrade -v\n"
227 		    "\tupgrade [-V version] <-a | pool ...>\n"));
228 	case HELP_GET:
229 		return (gettext("\tget <\"all\" | property[,...]> "
230 		    "<pool> ...\n"));
231 	case HELP_SET:
232 		return (gettext("\tset <property=value> <pool> \n"));
233 	}
234 
235 	abort();
236 	/* NOTREACHED */
237 }
238 
239 
240 /*
241  * Callback routine that will print out a pool property value.
242  */
243 static int
244 print_prop_cb(int prop, void *cb)
245 {
246 	FILE *fp = cb;
247 
248 	(void) fprintf(fp, "\t%-13s  ", zpool_prop_to_name(prop));
249 
250 	if (zpool_prop_readonly(prop))
251 		(void) fprintf(fp, "  NO   ");
252 	else
253 		(void) fprintf(fp, " YES    ");
254 
255 	if (zpool_prop_values(prop) == NULL)
256 		(void) fprintf(fp, "-\n");
257 	else
258 		(void) fprintf(fp, "%s\n", zpool_prop_values(prop));
259 
260 	return (ZPROP_CONT);
261 }
262 
263 /*
264  * Display usage message.  If we're inside a command, display only the usage for
265  * that command.  Otherwise, iterate over the entire command table and display
266  * a complete usage message.
267  */
268 void
269 usage(boolean_t requested)
270 {
271 	FILE *fp = requested ? stdout : stderr;
272 
273 	if (current_command == NULL) {
274 		int i;
275 
276 		(void) fprintf(fp, gettext("usage: zpool command args ...\n"));
277 		(void) fprintf(fp,
278 		    gettext("where 'command' is one of the following:\n\n"));
279 
280 		for (i = 0; i < NCOMMAND; i++) {
281 			if (command_table[i].name == NULL)
282 				(void) fprintf(fp, "\n");
283 			else
284 				(void) fprintf(fp, "%s",
285 				    get_usage(command_table[i].usage));
286 		}
287 	} else {
288 		(void) fprintf(fp, gettext("usage:\n"));
289 		(void) fprintf(fp, "%s", get_usage(current_command->usage));
290 	}
291 
292 	if (current_command != NULL &&
293 	    ((strcmp(current_command->name, "set") == 0) ||
294 	    (strcmp(current_command->name, "get") == 0) ||
295 	    (strcmp(current_command->name, "list") == 0))) {
296 
297 		(void) fprintf(fp,
298 		    gettext("\nthe following properties are supported:\n"));
299 
300 		(void) fprintf(fp, "\n\t%-13s  %s  %s\n\n",
301 		    "PROPERTY", "EDIT", "VALUES");
302 
303 		/* Iterate over all properties */
304 		(void) zprop_iter(print_prop_cb, fp, B_FALSE, B_TRUE,
305 		    ZFS_TYPE_POOL);
306 	}
307 
308 	/*
309 	 * See comments at end of main().
310 	 */
311 	if (getenv("ZFS_ABORT") != NULL) {
312 		(void) printf("dumping core by request\n");
313 		abort();
314 	}
315 
316 	exit(requested ? 0 : 2);
317 }
318 
319 void
320 print_vdev_tree(zpool_handle_t *zhp, const char *name, nvlist_t *nv, int indent,
321     boolean_t print_logs)
322 {
323 	nvlist_t **child;
324 	uint_t c, children;
325 	char *vname;
326 
327 	if (name != NULL)
328 		(void) printf("\t%*s%s\n", indent, "", name);
329 
330 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
331 	    &child, &children) != 0)
332 		return;
333 
334 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
335 		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
336 
337 		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
338 		    &is_log);
339 		if ((is_log && !print_logs) || (!is_log && print_logs))
340 			continue;
341 
342 		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c]);
343 		print_vdev_tree(zhp, vname, child[c], indent + 2,
344 		    B_FALSE);
345 		free(vname);
346 	}
347 }
348 
349 /*
350  * Add a property pair (name, string-value) into a property nvlist.
351  */
352 static int
353 add_prop_list(const char *propname, char *propval, nvlist_t **props,
354     boolean_t poolprop)
355 {
356 	zpool_prop_t prop = ZPROP_INVAL;
357 	zfs_prop_t fprop;
358 	nvlist_t *proplist;
359 	const char *normnm;
360 	char *strval;
361 
362 	if (*props == NULL &&
363 	    nvlist_alloc(props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) != 0) {
364 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
365 		    gettext("internal error: out of memory\n"));
366 		return (1);
367 	}
368 
369 	proplist = *props;
370 
371 	if (poolprop) {
372 		if ((prop = zpool_name_to_prop(propname)) == ZPROP_INVAL) {
373 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("property '%s' is "
374 			    "not a valid pool property\n"), propname);
375 			return (2);
376 		}
377 		normnm = zpool_prop_to_name(prop);
378 	} else {
379 		if ((fprop = zfs_name_to_prop(propname)) != ZPROP_INVAL) {
380 			normnm = zfs_prop_to_name(fprop);
381 		} else {
382 			normnm = propname;
383 		}
384 	}
385 
386 	if (nvlist_lookup_string(proplist, normnm, &strval) == 0 &&
387 	    prop != ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE) {
388 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("property '%s' "
389 		    "specified multiple times\n"), propname);
390 		return (2);
391 	}
392 
393 	if (nvlist_add_string(proplist, normnm, propval) != 0) {
394 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("internal "
395 		    "error: out of memory\n"));
396 		return (1);
397 	}
398 
399 	return (0);
400 }
401 
402 /*
403  * zpool add [-fn] <pool> <vdev> ...
404  *
405  *	-f	Force addition of devices, even if they appear in use
406  *	-n	Do not add the devices, but display the resulting layout if
407  *		they were to be added.
408  *
409  * Adds the given vdevs to 'pool'.  As with create, the bulk of this work is
410  * handled by get_vdev_spec(), which constructs the nvlist needed to pass to
411  * libzfs.
412  */
413 int
414 zpool_do_add(int argc, char **argv)
415 {
416 	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
417 	boolean_t dryrun = B_FALSE;
418 	int c;
419 	nvlist_t *nvroot;
420 	char *poolname;
421 	int ret;
422 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
423 	nvlist_t *config;
424 
425 	/* check options */
426 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fn")) != -1) {
427 		switch (c) {
428 		case 'f':
429 			force = B_TRUE;
430 			break;
431 		case 'n':
432 			dryrun = B_TRUE;
433 			break;
434 		case '?':
435 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
436 			    optopt);
437 			usage(B_FALSE);
438 		}
439 	}
440 
441 	argc -= optind;
442 	argv += optind;
443 
444 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
445 	if (argc < 1) {
446 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
447 		usage(B_FALSE);
448 	}
449 	if (argc < 2) {
450 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing vdev specification\n"));
451 		usage(B_FALSE);
452 	}
453 
454 	poolname = argv[0];
455 
456 	argc--;
457 	argv++;
458 
459 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
460 		return (1);
461 
462 	if ((config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL)) == NULL) {
463 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("pool '%s' is unavailable\n"),
464 		    poolname);
465 		zpool_close(zhp);
466 		return (1);
467 	}
468 
469 	/* pass off to get_vdev_spec for processing */
470 	nvroot = make_root_vdev(zhp, force, !force, B_FALSE, dryrun,
471 	    argc, argv);
472 	if (nvroot == NULL) {
473 		zpool_close(zhp);
474 		return (1);
475 	}
476 
477 	if (dryrun) {
478 		nvlist_t *poolnvroot;
479 
480 		verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
481 		    &poolnvroot) == 0);
482 
483 		(void) printf(gettext("would update '%s' to the following "
484 		    "configuration:\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
485 
486 		/* print original main pool and new tree */
487 		print_vdev_tree(zhp, poolname, poolnvroot, 0, B_FALSE);
488 		print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, B_FALSE);
489 
490 		/* Do the same for the logs */
491 		if (num_logs(poolnvroot) > 0) {
492 			print_vdev_tree(zhp, "logs", poolnvroot, 0, B_TRUE);
493 			print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, B_TRUE);
494 		} else if (num_logs(nvroot) > 0) {
495 			print_vdev_tree(zhp, "logs", nvroot, 0, B_TRUE);
496 		}
497 
498 		ret = 0;
499 	} else {
500 		ret = (zpool_add(zhp, nvroot) != 0);
501 	}
502 
503 	nvlist_free(nvroot);
504 	zpool_close(zhp);
505 
506 	return (ret);
507 }
508 
509 /*
510  * zpool remove <pool> <vdev> ...
511  *
512  * Removes the given vdev from the pool.  Currently, this only supports removing
513  * spares and cache devices from the pool.  Eventually, we'll want to support
514  * removing leaf vdevs (as an alias for 'detach') as well as toplevel vdevs.
515  */
516 int
517 zpool_do_remove(int argc, char **argv)
518 {
519 	char *poolname;
520 	int i, ret = 0;
521 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
522 
523 	argc--;
524 	argv++;
525 
526 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
527 	if (argc < 1) {
528 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
529 		usage(B_FALSE);
530 	}
531 	if (argc < 2) {
532 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing device\n"));
533 		usage(B_FALSE);
534 	}
535 
536 	poolname = argv[0];
537 
538 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
539 		return (1);
540 
541 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
542 		if (zpool_vdev_remove(zhp, argv[i]) != 0)
543 			ret = 1;
544 	}
545 
546 	return (ret);
547 }
548 
549 /*
550  * zpool create [-fn] [-o property=value] ...
551  *		[-O file-system-property=value] ...
552  *		[-R root] [-m mountpoint] <pool> <dev> ...
553  *
554  *	-f	Force creation, even if devices appear in use
555  *	-n	Do not create the pool, but display the resulting layout if it
556  *		were to be created.
557  *      -R	Create a pool under an alternate root
558  *      -m	Set default mountpoint for the root dataset.  By default it's
559  *      	'/<pool>'
560  *	-o	Set property=value.
561  *	-O	Set fsproperty=value in the pool's root file system
562  *
563  * Creates the named pool according to the given vdev specification.  The
564  * bulk of the vdev processing is done in get_vdev_spec() in zpool_vdev.c.  Once
565  * we get the nvlist back from get_vdev_spec(), we either print out the contents
566  * (if '-n' was specified), or pass it to libzfs to do the creation.
567  */
568 int
569 zpool_do_create(int argc, char **argv)
570 {
571 	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
572 	boolean_t dryrun = B_FALSE;
573 	int c;
574 	nvlist_t *nvroot = NULL;
575 	char *poolname;
576 	int ret = 1;
577 	char *altroot = NULL;
578 	char *mountpoint = NULL;
579 	nvlist_t *fsprops = NULL;
580 	nvlist_t *props = NULL;
581 	char *propval;
582 
583 	/* check options */
584 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":fnR:m:o:O:")) != -1) {
585 		switch (c) {
586 		case 'f':
587 			force = B_TRUE;
588 			break;
589 		case 'n':
590 			dryrun = B_TRUE;
591 			break;
592 		case 'R':
593 			altroot = optarg;
594 			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
595 			    ZPOOL_PROP_ALTROOT), optarg, &props, B_TRUE))
596 				goto errout;
597 			if (nvlist_lookup_string(props,
598 			    zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE),
599 			    &propval) == 0)
600 				break;
601 			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
602 			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
603 				goto errout;
604 			break;
605 		case 'm':
606 			mountpoint = optarg;
607 			break;
608 		case 'o':
609 			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) == NULL) {
610 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing "
611 				    "'=' for -o option\n"));
612 				goto errout;
613 			}
614 			*propval = '\0';
615 			propval++;
616 
617 			if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval, &props, B_TRUE))
618 				goto errout;
619 			break;
620 		case 'O':
621 			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) == NULL) {
622 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing "
623 				    "'=' for -O option\n"));
624 				goto errout;
625 			}
626 			*propval = '\0';
627 			propval++;
628 
629 			if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval, &fsprops, B_FALSE))
630 				goto errout;
631 			break;
632 		case ':':
633 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
634 			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
635 			goto badusage;
636 		case '?':
637 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
638 			    optopt);
639 			goto badusage;
640 		}
641 	}
642 
643 	argc -= optind;
644 	argv += optind;
645 
646 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
647 	if (argc < 1) {
648 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
649 		goto badusage;
650 	}
651 	if (argc < 2) {
652 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing vdev specification\n"));
653 		goto badusage;
654 	}
655 
656 	poolname = argv[0];
657 
658 	/*
659 	 * As a special case, check for use of '/' in the name, and direct the
660 	 * user to use 'zfs create' instead.
661 	 */
662 	if (strchr(poolname, '/') != NULL) {
663 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot create '%s': invalid "
664 		    "character '/' in pool name\n"), poolname);
665 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use 'zfs create' to "
666 		    "create a dataset\n"));
667 		goto errout;
668 	}
669 
670 	/* pass off to get_vdev_spec for bulk processing */
671 	nvroot = make_root_vdev(NULL, force, !force, B_FALSE, dryrun,
672 	    argc - 1, argv + 1);
673 	if (nvroot == NULL)
674 		goto errout;
675 
676 	/* make_root_vdev() allows 0 toplevel children if there are spares */
677 	if (!zfs_allocatable_devs(nvroot)) {
678 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid vdev "
679 		    "specification: at least one toplevel vdev must be "
680 		    "specified\n"));
681 		goto errout;
682 	}
683 
684 
685 	if (altroot != NULL && altroot[0] != '/') {
686 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid alternate root '%s': "
687 		    "must be an absolute path\n"), altroot);
688 		goto errout;
689 	}
690 
691 	/*
692 	 * Check the validity of the mountpoint and direct the user to use the
693 	 * '-m' mountpoint option if it looks like its in use.
694 	 */
695 	if (mountpoint == NULL ||
696 	    (strcmp(mountpoint, ZFS_MOUNTPOINT_LEGACY) != 0 &&
697 	    strcmp(mountpoint, ZFS_MOUNTPOINT_NONE) != 0)) {
698 		char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
699 		DIR *dirp;
700 
701 		if (mountpoint && mountpoint[0] != '/') {
702 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid mountpoint "
703 			    "'%s': must be an absolute path, 'legacy', or "
704 			    "'none'\n"), mountpoint);
705 			goto errout;
706 		}
707 
708 		if (mountpoint == NULL) {
709 			if (altroot != NULL)
710 				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s/%s",
711 				    altroot, poolname);
712 			else
713 				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "/%s",
714 				    poolname);
715 		} else {
716 			if (altroot != NULL)
717 				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s%s",
718 				    altroot, mountpoint);
719 			else
720 				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s",
721 				    mountpoint);
722 		}
723 
724 		if ((dirp = opendir(buf)) == NULL && errno != ENOENT) {
725 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("mountpoint '%s' : "
726 			    "%s\n"), buf, strerror(errno));
727 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-m' "
728 			    "option to provide a different default\n"));
729 			goto errout;
730 		} else if (dirp) {
731 			int count = 0;
732 
733 			while (count < 3 && readdir(dirp) != NULL)
734 				count++;
735 			(void) closedir(dirp);
736 
737 			if (count > 2) {
738 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("mountpoint "
739 				    "'%s' exists and is not empty\n"), buf);
740 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-m' "
741 				    "option to provide a "
742 				    "different default\n"));
743 				goto errout;
744 			}
745 		}
746 	}
747 
748 	if (dryrun) {
749 		/*
750 		 * For a dry run invocation, print out a basic message and run
751 		 * through all the vdevs in the list and print out in an
752 		 * appropriate hierarchy.
753 		 */
754 		(void) printf(gettext("would create '%s' with the "
755 		    "following layout:\n\n"), poolname);
756 
757 		print_vdev_tree(NULL, poolname, nvroot, 0, B_FALSE);
758 		if (num_logs(nvroot) > 0)
759 			print_vdev_tree(NULL, "logs", nvroot, 0, B_TRUE);
760 
761 		ret = 0;
762 	} else {
763 		/*
764 		 * Hand off to libzfs.
765 		 */
766 		if (zpool_create(g_zfs, poolname,
767 		    nvroot, props, fsprops) == 0) {
768 			zfs_handle_t *pool = zfs_open(g_zfs, poolname,
769 			    ZFS_TYPE_FILESYSTEM);
770 			if (pool != NULL) {
771 				if (mountpoint != NULL)
772 					verify(zfs_prop_set(pool,
773 					    zfs_prop_to_name(
774 					    ZFS_PROP_MOUNTPOINT),
775 					    mountpoint) == 0);
776 				if (zfs_mount(pool, NULL, 0) == 0)
777 					ret = zfs_shareall(pool);
778 				zfs_close(pool);
779 			}
780 		} else if (libzfs_errno(g_zfs) == EZFS_INVALIDNAME) {
781 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("pool name may have "
782 			    "been omitted\n"));
783 		}
784 	}
785 
786 errout:
787 	nvlist_free(nvroot);
788 	nvlist_free(fsprops);
789 	nvlist_free(props);
790 	return (ret);
791 badusage:
792 	nvlist_free(fsprops);
793 	nvlist_free(props);
794 	usage(B_FALSE);
795 	return (2);
796 }
797 
798 /*
799  * zpool destroy <pool>
800  *
801  * 	-f	Forcefully unmount any datasets
802  *
803  * Destroy the given pool.  Automatically unmounts any datasets in the pool.
804  */
805 int
806 zpool_do_destroy(int argc, char **argv)
807 {
808 	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
809 	int c;
810 	char *pool;
811 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
812 	int ret;
813 
814 	/* check options */
815 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
816 		switch (c) {
817 		case 'f':
818 			force = B_TRUE;
819 			break;
820 		case '?':
821 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
822 			    optopt);
823 			usage(B_FALSE);
824 		}
825 	}
826 
827 	argc -= optind;
828 	argv += optind;
829 
830 	/* check arguments */
831 	if (argc < 1) {
832 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool argument\n"));
833 		usage(B_FALSE);
834 	}
835 	if (argc > 1) {
836 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
837 		usage(B_FALSE);
838 	}
839 
840 	pool = argv[0];
841 
842 	if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, pool)) == NULL) {
843 		/*
844 		 * As a special case, check for use of '/' in the name, and
845 		 * direct the user to use 'zfs destroy' instead.
846 		 */
847 		if (strchr(pool, '/') != NULL)
848 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use 'zfs destroy' to "
849 			    "destroy a dataset\n"));
850 		return (1);
851 	}
852 
853 	if (zpool_disable_datasets(zhp, force) != 0) {
854 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("could not destroy '%s': "
855 		    "could not unmount datasets\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
856 		return (1);
857 	}
858 
859 	ret = (zpool_destroy(zhp) != 0);
860 
861 	zpool_close(zhp);
862 
863 	return (ret);
864 }
865 
866 /*
867  * zpool export [-f] <pool> ...
868  *
869  *	-f	Forcefully unmount datasets
870  *
871  * Export the given pools.  By default, the command will attempt to cleanly
872  * unmount any active datasets within the pool.  If the '-f' flag is specified,
873  * then the datasets will be forcefully unmounted.
874  */
875 int
876 zpool_do_export(int argc, char **argv)
877 {
878 	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
879 	boolean_t hardforce = B_FALSE;
880 	int c;
881 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
882 	int ret;
883 	int i;
884 
885 	/* check options */
886 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fF")) != -1) {
887 		switch (c) {
888 		case 'f':
889 			force = B_TRUE;
890 			break;
891 		case 'F':
892 			hardforce = B_TRUE;
893 			break;
894 		case '?':
895 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
896 			    optopt);
897 			usage(B_FALSE);
898 		}
899 	}
900 
901 	argc -= optind;
902 	argv += optind;
903 
904 	/* check arguments */
905 	if (argc < 1) {
906 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool argument\n"));
907 		usage(B_FALSE);
908 	}
909 
910 	ret = 0;
911 	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
912 		if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, argv[i])) == NULL) {
913 			ret = 1;
914 			continue;
915 		}
916 
917 		if (zpool_disable_datasets(zhp, force) != 0) {
918 			ret = 1;
919 			zpool_close(zhp);
920 			continue;
921 		}
922 
923 		if (hardforce) {
924 			if (zpool_export_force(zhp) != 0)
925 				ret = 1;
926 		} else if (zpool_export(zhp, force) != 0) {
927 			ret = 1;
928 		}
929 
930 		zpool_close(zhp);
931 	}
932 
933 	return (ret);
934 }
935 
936 /*
937  * Given a vdev configuration, determine the maximum width needed for the device
938  * name column.
939  */
940 static int
941 max_width(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t *nv, int depth, int max)
942 {
943 	char *name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, nv);
944 	nvlist_t **child;
945 	uint_t c, children;
946 	int ret;
947 
948 	if (strlen(name) + depth > max)
949 		max = strlen(name) + depth;
950 
951 	free(name);
952 
953 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
954 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
955 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
956 			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
957 			    max)) > max)
958 				max = ret;
959 	}
960 
961 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
962 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
963 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
964 			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
965 			    max)) > max)
966 				max = ret;
967 	}
968 
969 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
970 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
971 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
972 			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
973 			    max)) > max)
974 				max = ret;
975 	}
976 
977 
978 	return (max);
979 }
980 
981 typedef struct spare_cbdata {
982 	uint64_t	cb_guid;
983 	zpool_handle_t	*cb_zhp;
984 } spare_cbdata_t;
985 
986 static boolean_t
987 find_vdev(nvlist_t *nv, uint64_t search)
988 {
989 	uint64_t guid;
990 	nvlist_t **child;
991 	uint_t c, children;
992 
993 	if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_GUID, &guid) == 0 &&
994 	    search == guid)
995 		return (B_TRUE);
996 
997 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
998 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
999 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
1000 			if (find_vdev(child[c], search))
1001 				return (B_TRUE);
1002 	}
1003 
1004 	return (B_FALSE);
1005 }
1006 
1007 static int
1008 find_spare(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
1009 {
1010 	spare_cbdata_t *cbp = data;
1011 	nvlist_t *config, *nvroot;
1012 
1013 	config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL);
1014 	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
1015 	    &nvroot) == 0);
1016 
1017 	if (find_vdev(nvroot, cbp->cb_guid)) {
1018 		cbp->cb_zhp = zhp;
1019 		return (1);
1020 	}
1021 
1022 	zpool_close(zhp);
1023 	return (0);
1024 }
1025 
1026 /*
1027  * Print out configuration state as requested by status_callback.
1028  */
1029 void
1030 print_status_config(zpool_handle_t *zhp, const char *name, nvlist_t *nv,
1031     int namewidth, int depth, boolean_t isspare)
1032 {
1033 	nvlist_t **child;
1034 	uint_t c, children;
1035 	vdev_stat_t *vs;
1036 	char rbuf[6], wbuf[6], cbuf[6], repaired[7];
1037 	char *vname;
1038 	uint64_t notpresent;
1039 	spare_cbdata_t cb;
1040 	char *state;
1041 
1042 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
1043 	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &c) == 0);
1044 
1045 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
1046 	    &child, &children) != 0)
1047 		children = 0;
1048 
1049 	state = zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux);
1050 	if (isspare) {
1051 		/*
1052 		 * For hot spares, we use the terms 'INUSE' and 'AVAILABLE' for
1053 		 * online drives.
1054 		 */
1055 		if (vs->vs_aux == VDEV_AUX_SPARED)
1056 			state = "INUSE";
1057 		else if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY)
1058 			state = "AVAIL";
1059 	}
1060 
1061 	(void) printf("\t%*s%-*s  %-8s", depth, "", namewidth - depth,
1062 	    name, state);
1063 
1064 	if (!isspare) {
1065 		zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_read_errors, rbuf, sizeof (rbuf));
1066 		zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_write_errors, wbuf, sizeof (wbuf));
1067 		zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_checksum_errors, cbuf, sizeof (cbuf));
1068 		(void) printf(" %5s %5s %5s", rbuf, wbuf, cbuf);
1069 	}
1070 
1071 	if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_NOT_PRESENT,
1072 	    &notpresent) == 0) {
1073 		char *path;
1074 		verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, &path) == 0);
1075 		(void) printf("  was %s", path);
1076 	} else if (vs->vs_aux != 0) {
1077 		(void) printf("  ");
1078 
1079 		switch (vs->vs_aux) {
1080 		case VDEV_AUX_OPEN_FAILED:
1081 			(void) printf(gettext("cannot open"));
1082 			break;
1083 
1084 		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_GUID_SUM:
1085 			(void) printf(gettext("missing device"));
1086 			break;
1087 
1088 		case VDEV_AUX_NO_REPLICAS:
1089 			(void) printf(gettext("insufficient replicas"));
1090 			break;
1091 
1092 		case VDEV_AUX_VERSION_NEWER:
1093 			(void) printf(gettext("newer version"));
1094 			break;
1095 
1096 		case VDEV_AUX_SPARED:
1097 			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_GUID,
1098 			    &cb.cb_guid) == 0);
1099 			if (zpool_iter(g_zfs, find_spare, &cb) == 1) {
1100 				if (strcmp(zpool_get_name(cb.cb_zhp),
1101 				    zpool_get_name(zhp)) == 0)
1102 					(void) printf(gettext("currently in "
1103 					    "use"));
1104 				else
1105 					(void) printf(gettext("in use by "
1106 					    "pool '%s'"),
1107 					    zpool_get_name(cb.cb_zhp));
1108 				zpool_close(cb.cb_zhp);
1109 			} else {
1110 				(void) printf(gettext("currently in use"));
1111 			}
1112 			break;
1113 
1114 		case VDEV_AUX_ERR_EXCEEDED:
1115 			(void) printf(gettext("too many errors"));
1116 			break;
1117 
1118 		case VDEV_AUX_IO_FAILURE:
1119 			(void) printf(gettext("experienced I/O failures"));
1120 			break;
1121 
1122 		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_LOG:
1123 			(void) printf(gettext("bad intent log"));
1124 			break;
1125 
1126 		default:
1127 			(void) printf(gettext("corrupted data"));
1128 			break;
1129 		}
1130 	} else if (vs->vs_scrub_repaired != 0 && children == 0) {
1131 		/*
1132 		 * Report bytes resilvered/repaired on leaf devices.
1133 		 */
1134 		zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_scrub_repaired, repaired, sizeof (repaired));
1135 		(void) printf(gettext("  %s %s"), repaired,
1136 		    (vs->vs_scrub_type == POOL_SCRUB_RESILVER) ?
1137 		    "resilvered" : "repaired");
1138 	}
1139 
1140 	(void) printf("\n");
1141 
1142 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1143 		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
1144 
1145 		/* Don't print logs here */
1146 		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
1147 		    &is_log);
1148 		if (is_log)
1149 			continue;
1150 		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c]);
1151 		print_status_config(zhp, vname, child[c],
1152 		    namewidth, depth + 2, isspare);
1153 		free(vname);
1154 	}
1155 }
1156 
1157 
1158 /*
1159  * Print the configuration of an exported pool.  Iterate over all vdevs in the
1160  * pool, printing out the name and status for each one.
1161  */
1162 void
1163 print_import_config(const char *name, nvlist_t *nv, int namewidth, int depth)
1164 {
1165 	nvlist_t **child;
1166 	uint_t c, children;
1167 	vdev_stat_t *vs;
1168 	char *type, *vname;
1169 
1170 	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, &type) == 0);
1171 	if (strcmp(type, VDEV_TYPE_MISSING) == 0)
1172 		return;
1173 
1174 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
1175 	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &c) == 0);
1176 
1177 	(void) printf("\t%*s%-*s", depth, "", namewidth - depth, name);
1178 	(void) printf("  %s", zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux));
1179 
1180 	if (vs->vs_aux != 0) {
1181 		(void) printf("  ");
1182 
1183 		switch (vs->vs_aux) {
1184 		case VDEV_AUX_OPEN_FAILED:
1185 			(void) printf(gettext("cannot open"));
1186 			break;
1187 
1188 		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_GUID_SUM:
1189 			(void) printf(gettext("missing device"));
1190 			break;
1191 
1192 		case VDEV_AUX_NO_REPLICAS:
1193 			(void) printf(gettext("insufficient replicas"));
1194 			break;
1195 
1196 		case VDEV_AUX_VERSION_NEWER:
1197 			(void) printf(gettext("newer version"));
1198 			break;
1199 
1200 		case VDEV_AUX_ERR_EXCEEDED:
1201 			(void) printf(gettext("too many errors"));
1202 			break;
1203 
1204 		default:
1205 			(void) printf(gettext("corrupted data"));
1206 			break;
1207 		}
1208 	}
1209 	(void) printf("\n");
1210 
1211 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
1212 	    &child, &children) != 0)
1213 		return;
1214 
1215 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1216 		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
1217 
1218 		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
1219 		    &is_log);
1220 		if (is_log)
1221 			continue;
1222 
1223 		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c]);
1224 		print_import_config(vname, child[c], namewidth, depth + 2);
1225 		free(vname);
1226 	}
1227 
1228 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
1229 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
1230 		(void) printf(gettext("\tcache\n"));
1231 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1232 			vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c]);
1233 			(void) printf("\t  %s\n", vname);
1234 			free(vname);
1235 		}
1236 	}
1237 
1238 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
1239 	    &child, &children) == 0) {
1240 		(void) printf(gettext("\tspares\n"));
1241 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1242 			vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c]);
1243 			(void) printf("\t  %s\n", vname);
1244 			free(vname);
1245 		}
1246 	}
1247 }
1248 
1249 /*
1250  * Print log vdevs.
1251  * Logs are recorded as top level vdevs in the main pool child array
1252  * but with "is_log" set to 1. We use either print_status_config() or
1253  * print_import_config() to print the top level logs then any log
1254  * children (eg mirrored slogs) are printed recursively - which
1255  * works because only the top level vdev is marked "is_log"
1256  */
1257 static void
1258 print_logs(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t *nv, int namewidth, boolean_t verbose)
1259 {
1260 	uint_t c, children;
1261 	nvlist_t **child;
1262 
1263 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &child,
1264 	    &children) != 0)
1265 		return;
1266 
1267 	(void) printf(gettext("\tlogs\n"));
1268 
1269 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1270 		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
1271 		char *name;
1272 
1273 		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
1274 		    &is_log);
1275 		if (!is_log)
1276 			continue;
1277 		name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c]);
1278 		if (verbose)
1279 			print_status_config(zhp, name, child[c], namewidth,
1280 			    2, B_FALSE);
1281 		else
1282 			print_import_config(name, child[c], namewidth, 2);
1283 		free(name);
1284 	}
1285 }
1286 /*
1287  * Display the status for the given pool.
1288  */
1289 static void
1290 show_import(nvlist_t *config)
1291 {
1292 	uint64_t pool_state;
1293 	vdev_stat_t *vs;
1294 	char *name;
1295 	uint64_t guid;
1296 	char *msgid;
1297 	nvlist_t *nvroot;
1298 	int reason;
1299 	const char *health;
1300 	uint_t vsc;
1301 	int namewidth;
1302 
1303 	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME,
1304 	    &name) == 0);
1305 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID,
1306 	    &guid) == 0);
1307 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE,
1308 	    &pool_state) == 0);
1309 	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
1310 	    &nvroot) == 0);
1311 
1312 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
1313 	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &vsc) == 0);
1314 	health = zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux);
1315 
1316 	reason = zpool_import_status(config, &msgid);
1317 
1318 	(void) printf(gettext("  pool: %s\n"), name);
1319 	(void) printf(gettext("    id: %llu\n"), (u_longlong_t)guid);
1320 	(void) printf(gettext(" state: %s"), health);
1321 	if (pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
1322 		(void) printf(gettext(" (DESTROYED)"));
1323 	(void) printf("\n");
1324 
1325 	switch (reason) {
1326 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_R:
1327 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_NR:
1328 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM:
1329 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices are missing "
1330 		    "from the system.\n"));
1331 		break;
1332 
1333 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_R:
1334 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_NR:
1335 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices contains "
1336 		    "corrupted data.\n"));
1337 		break;
1338 
1339 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_DATA:
1340 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool data is corrupted.\n"));
1341 		break;
1342 
1343 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_OFFLINE_DEV:
1344 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices "
1345 		    "are offlined.\n"));
1346 		break;
1347 
1348 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_POOL:
1349 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool metadata is "
1350 		    "corrupted.\n"));
1351 		break;
1352 
1353 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_OLDER:
1354 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool is formatted using an "
1355 		    "older on-disk version.\n"));
1356 		break;
1357 
1358 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_NEWER:
1359 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool is formatted using an "
1360 		    "incompatible version.\n"));
1361 		break;
1362 
1363 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_MISMATCH:
1364 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool was last accessed by "
1365 		    "another system.\n"));
1366 		break;
1367 
1368 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_R:
1369 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_NR:
1370 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices are "
1371 		    "faulted.\n"));
1372 		break;
1373 
1374 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_LOG:
1375 		(void) printf(gettext("status: An intent log record cannot be "
1376 		    "read.\n"));
1377 		break;
1378 
1379 	default:
1380 		/*
1381 		 * No other status can be seen when importing pools.
1382 		 */
1383 		assert(reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_OK);
1384 	}
1385 
1386 	/*
1387 	 * Print out an action according to the overall state of the pool.
1388 	 */
1389 	if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
1390 		if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_OLDER)
1391 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool can be "
1392 			    "imported using its name or numeric identifier, "
1393 			    "though\n\tsome features will not be available "
1394 			    "without an explicit 'zpool upgrade'.\n"));
1395 		else if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_MISMATCH)
1396 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool can be "
1397 			    "imported using its name or numeric "
1398 			    "identifier and\n\tthe '-f' flag.\n"));
1399 		else
1400 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool can be "
1401 			    "imported using its name or numeric "
1402 			    "identifier.\n"));
1403 	} else if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_DEGRADED) {
1404 		(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool can be imported "
1405 		    "despite missing or damaged devices.  The\n\tfault "
1406 		    "tolerance of the pool may be compromised if imported.\n"));
1407 	} else {
1408 		switch (reason) {
1409 		case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_NEWER:
1410 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool cannot be "
1411 			    "imported.  Access the pool on a system running "
1412 			    "newer\n\tsoftware, or recreate the pool from "
1413 			    "backup.\n"));
1414 			break;
1415 		case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_R:
1416 		case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_NR:
1417 		case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM:
1418 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool cannot be "
1419 			    "imported. Attach the missing\n\tdevices and try "
1420 			    "again.\n"));
1421 			break;
1422 		default:
1423 			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool cannot be "
1424 			    "imported due to damaged devices or data.\n"));
1425 		}
1426 	}
1427 
1428 	/*
1429 	 * If the state is "closed" or "can't open", and the aux state
1430 	 * is "corrupt data":
1431 	 */
1432 	if (((vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_CLOSED) ||
1433 	    (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_CANT_OPEN)) &&
1434 	    (vs->vs_aux == VDEV_AUX_CORRUPT_DATA)) {
1435 		if (pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
1436 			(void) printf(gettext("\tThe pool was destroyed, "
1437 			    "but can be imported using the '-Df' flags.\n"));
1438 		else if (pool_state != POOL_STATE_EXPORTED)
1439 			(void) printf(gettext("\tThe pool may be active on "
1440 			    "another system, but can be imported using\n\t"
1441 			    "the '-f' flag.\n"));
1442 	}
1443 
1444 	if (msgid != NULL)
1445 		(void) printf(gettext("   see: http://www.sun.com/msg/%s\n"),
1446 		    msgid);
1447 
1448 	(void) printf(gettext("config:\n\n"));
1449 
1450 	namewidth = max_width(NULL, nvroot, 0, 0);
1451 	if (namewidth < 10)
1452 		namewidth = 10;
1453 
1454 	print_import_config(name, nvroot, namewidth, 0);
1455 	if (num_logs(nvroot) > 0)
1456 		print_logs(NULL, nvroot, namewidth, B_FALSE);
1457 
1458 	if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM) {
1459 		(void) printf(gettext("\n\tAdditional devices are known to "
1460 		    "be part of this pool, though their\n\texact "
1461 		    "configuration cannot be determined.\n"));
1462 	}
1463 }
1464 
1465 /*
1466  * Perform the import for the given configuration.  This passes the heavy
1467  * lifting off to zpool_import_props(), and then mounts the datasets contained
1468  * within the pool.
1469  */
1470 static int
1471 do_import(nvlist_t *config, const char *newname, const char *mntopts,
1472     int force, nvlist_t *props, boolean_t do_verbatim)
1473 {
1474 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
1475 	char *name;
1476 	uint64_t state;
1477 	uint64_t version;
1478 	int error = 0;
1479 
1480 	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME,
1481 	    &name) == 0);
1482 
1483 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
1484 	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE, &state) == 0);
1485 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
1486 	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION, &version) == 0);
1487 	if (version > SPA_VERSION) {
1488 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': pool "
1489 		    "is formatted using a newer ZFS version\n"), name);
1490 		return (1);
1491 	} else if (state != POOL_STATE_EXPORTED && !force) {
1492 		uint64_t hostid;
1493 
1494 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTID,
1495 		    &hostid) == 0) {
1496 			if ((unsigned long)hostid != gethostid()) {
1497 				char *hostname;
1498 				uint64_t timestamp;
1499 				time_t t;
1500 
1501 				verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config,
1502 				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTNAME, &hostname) == 0);
1503 				verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
1504 				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_TIMESTAMP, &timestamp) == 0);
1505 				t = timestamp;
1506 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import "
1507 				    "'%s': pool may be in use from other "
1508 				    "system, it was last accessed by %s "
1509 				    "(hostid: 0x%lx) on %s"), name, hostname,
1510 				    (unsigned long)hostid,
1511 				    asctime(localtime(&t)));
1512 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-f' to "
1513 				    "import anyway\n"));
1514 				return (1);
1515 			}
1516 		} else {
1517 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
1518 			    "pool may be in use from other system\n"), name);
1519 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-f' to import "
1520 			    "anyway\n"));
1521 			return (1);
1522 		}
1523 	}
1524 
1525 	if (zpool_import_props(g_zfs, config, newname, props, do_verbatim) != 0)
1526 		return (1);
1527 
1528 	if (newname != NULL)
1529 		name = (char *)newname;
1530 
1531 	if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, name)) == NULL)
1532 		return (1);
1533 
1534 	if (zpool_get_state(zhp) != POOL_STATE_UNAVAIL &&
1535 	    zpool_enable_datasets(zhp, mntopts, 0) != 0) {
1536 		zpool_close(zhp);
1537 		return (1);
1538 	}
1539 
1540 	zpool_close(zhp);
1541 	return (error);
1542 }
1543 
1544 /*
1545  * zpool import [-d dir] [-D]
1546  *       import [-o mntopts] [-o prop=value] ... [-R root] [-D]
1547  *              [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-f] -a
1548  *       import [-o mntopts] [-o prop=value] ... [-R root] [-D]
1549  *              [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-f] <pool | id> [newpool]
1550  *
1551  *	 -c	Read pool information from a cachefile instead of searching
1552  *		devices.
1553  *
1554  *       -d	Scan in a specific directory, other than /dev/dsk.  More than
1555  *		one directory can be specified using multiple '-d' options.
1556  *
1557  *       -D     Scan for previously destroyed pools or import all or only
1558  *              specified destroyed pools.
1559  *
1560  *       -R	Temporarily import the pool, with all mountpoints relative to
1561  *		the given root.  The pool will remain exported when the machine
1562  *		is rebooted.
1563  *
1564  *       -f	Force import, even if it appears that the pool is active.
1565  *
1566  *       -F	Import even in the presence of faulted vdevs.  This is an
1567  *       	intentionally undocumented option for testing purposes, and
1568  *       	treats the pool configuration as complete, leaving any bad
1569  *		vdevs in the FAULTED state. In other words, it does verbatim
1570  *		import.
1571  *
1572  *       -a	Import all pools found.
1573  *
1574  *       -o	Set property=value and/or temporary mount options (without '=').
1575  *
1576  * The import command scans for pools to import, and import pools based on pool
1577  * name and GUID.  The pool can also be renamed as part of the import process.
1578  */
1579 int
1580 zpool_do_import(int argc, char **argv)
1581 {
1582 	char **searchdirs = NULL;
1583 	int nsearch = 0;
1584 	int c;
1585 	int err;
1586 	nvlist_t *pools = NULL;
1587 	boolean_t do_all = B_FALSE;
1588 	boolean_t do_destroyed = B_FALSE;
1589 	char *mntopts = NULL;
1590 	boolean_t do_force = B_FALSE;
1591 	nvpair_t *elem;
1592 	nvlist_t *config;
1593 	uint64_t searchguid = 0;
1594 	char *searchname = NULL;
1595 	char *propval;
1596 	nvlist_t *found_config;
1597 	nvlist_t *props = NULL;
1598 	boolean_t first;
1599 	boolean_t do_verbatim = B_FALSE;
1600 	uint64_t pool_state;
1601 	char *cachefile = NULL;
1602 
1603 	/* check options */
1604 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":ac:d:DfFo:p:R:")) != -1) {
1605 		switch (c) {
1606 		case 'a':
1607 			do_all = B_TRUE;
1608 			break;
1609 		case 'c':
1610 			cachefile = optarg;
1611 			break;
1612 		case 'd':
1613 			if (searchdirs == NULL) {
1614 				searchdirs = safe_malloc(sizeof (char *));
1615 			} else {
1616 				char **tmp = safe_malloc((nsearch + 1) *
1617 				    sizeof (char *));
1618 				bcopy(searchdirs, tmp, nsearch *
1619 				    sizeof (char *));
1620 				free(searchdirs);
1621 				searchdirs = tmp;
1622 			}
1623 			searchdirs[nsearch++] = optarg;
1624 			break;
1625 		case 'D':
1626 			do_destroyed = B_TRUE;
1627 			break;
1628 		case 'f':
1629 			do_force = B_TRUE;
1630 			break;
1631 		case 'F':
1632 			do_verbatim = B_TRUE;
1633 			break;
1634 		case 'o':
1635 			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) != NULL) {
1636 				*propval = '\0';
1637 				propval++;
1638 				if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval,
1639 				    &props, B_TRUE))
1640 					goto error;
1641 			} else {
1642 				mntopts = optarg;
1643 			}
1644 			break;
1645 		case 'R':
1646 			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
1647 			    ZPOOL_PROP_ALTROOT), optarg, &props, B_TRUE))
1648 				goto error;
1649 			if (nvlist_lookup_string(props,
1650 			    zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE),
1651 			    &propval) == 0)
1652 				break;
1653 			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
1654 			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
1655 				goto error;
1656 			break;
1657 		case ':':
1658 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
1659 			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
1660 			usage(B_FALSE);
1661 			break;
1662 		case '?':
1663 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
1664 			    optopt);
1665 			usage(B_FALSE);
1666 		}
1667 	}
1668 
1669 	argc -= optind;
1670 	argv += optind;
1671 
1672 	if (cachefile && nsearch != 0) {
1673 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-c is incompatible with -d\n"));
1674 		usage(B_FALSE);
1675 	}
1676 
1677 	if (searchdirs == NULL) {
1678 		searchdirs = safe_malloc(sizeof (char *));
1679 		searchdirs[0] = "/dev/dsk";
1680 		nsearch = 1;
1681 	}
1682 
1683 	/* check argument count */
1684 	if (do_all) {
1685 		if (argc != 0) {
1686 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
1687 			usage(B_FALSE);
1688 		}
1689 	} else {
1690 		if (argc > 2) {
1691 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
1692 			usage(B_FALSE);
1693 		}
1694 
1695 		/*
1696 		 * Check for the SYS_CONFIG privilege.  We do this explicitly
1697 		 * here because otherwise any attempt to discover pools will
1698 		 * silently fail.
1699 		 */
1700 		if (argc == 0 && !priv_ineffect(PRIV_SYS_CONFIG)) {
1701 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot "
1702 			    "discover pools: permission denied\n"));
1703 			free(searchdirs);
1704 			return (1);
1705 		}
1706 	}
1707 
1708 	/*
1709 	 * Depending on the arguments given, we do one of the following:
1710 	 *
1711 	 *	<none>	Iterate through all pools and display information about
1712 	 *		each one.
1713 	 *
1714 	 *	-a	Iterate through all pools and try to import each one.
1715 	 *
1716 	 *	<id>	Find the pool that corresponds to the given GUID/pool
1717 	 *		name and import that one.
1718 	 *
1719 	 *	-D	Above options applies only to destroyed pools.
1720 	 */
1721 	if (argc != 0) {
1722 		char *endptr;
1723 
1724 		errno = 0;
1725 		searchguid = strtoull(argv[0], &endptr, 10);
1726 		if (errno != 0 || *endptr != '\0')
1727 			searchname = argv[0];
1728 		found_config = NULL;
1729 	}
1730 
1731 	if (cachefile) {
1732 		pools = zpool_find_import_cached(g_zfs, cachefile, searchname,
1733 		    searchguid);
1734 	} else if (searchname != NULL) {
1735 		pools = zpool_find_import_byname(g_zfs, nsearch, searchdirs,
1736 		    searchname);
1737 	} else {
1738 		/*
1739 		 * It's OK to search by guid even if searchguid is 0.
1740 		 */
1741 		pools = zpool_find_import_byguid(g_zfs, nsearch, searchdirs,
1742 		    searchguid);
1743 	}
1744 
1745 	if (pools == NULL) {
1746 		if (argc != 0) {
1747 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
1748 			    "no such pool available\n"), argv[0]);
1749 		}
1750 		free(searchdirs);
1751 		return (1);
1752 	}
1753 
1754 	/*
1755 	 * At this point we have a list of import candidate configs. Even if
1756 	 * we were searching by pool name or guid, we still need to
1757 	 * post-process the list to deal with pool state and possible
1758 	 * duplicate names.
1759 	 */
1760 	err = 0;
1761 	elem = NULL;
1762 	first = B_TRUE;
1763 	while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(pools, elem)) != NULL) {
1764 
1765 		verify(nvpair_value_nvlist(elem, &config) == 0);
1766 
1767 		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE,
1768 		    &pool_state) == 0);
1769 		if (!do_destroyed && pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
1770 			continue;
1771 		if (do_destroyed && pool_state != POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
1772 			continue;
1773 
1774 		if (argc == 0) {
1775 			if (first)
1776 				first = B_FALSE;
1777 			else if (!do_all)
1778 				(void) printf("\n");
1779 
1780 			if (do_all)
1781 				err |= do_import(config, NULL, mntopts,
1782 				    do_force, props, do_verbatim);
1783 			else
1784 				show_import(config);
1785 		} else if (searchname != NULL) {
1786 			char *name;
1787 
1788 			/*
1789 			 * We are searching for a pool based on name.
1790 			 */
1791 			verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config,
1792 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME, &name) == 0);
1793 
1794 			if (strcmp(name, searchname) == 0) {
1795 				if (found_config != NULL) {
1796 					(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
1797 					    "cannot import '%s': more than "
1798 					    "one matching pool\n"), searchname);
1799 					(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
1800 					    "import by numeric ID instead\n"));
1801 					err = B_TRUE;
1802 				}
1803 				found_config = config;
1804 			}
1805 		} else {
1806 			uint64_t guid;
1807 
1808 			/*
1809 			 * Search for a pool by guid.
1810 			 */
1811 			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
1812 			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID, &guid) == 0);
1813 
1814 			if (guid == searchguid)
1815 				found_config = config;
1816 		}
1817 	}
1818 
1819 	/*
1820 	 * If we were searching for a specific pool, verify that we found a
1821 	 * pool, and then do the import.
1822 	 */
1823 	if (argc != 0 && err == 0) {
1824 		if (found_config == NULL) {
1825 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
1826 			    "no such pool available\n"), argv[0]);
1827 			err = B_TRUE;
1828 		} else {
1829 			err |= do_import(found_config, argc == 1 ? NULL :
1830 			    argv[1], mntopts, do_force, props, do_verbatim);
1831 		}
1832 	}
1833 
1834 	/*
1835 	 * If we were just looking for pools, report an error if none were
1836 	 * found.
1837 	 */
1838 	if (argc == 0 && first)
1839 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
1840 		    gettext("no pools available to import\n"));
1841 
1842 error:
1843 	nvlist_free(props);
1844 	nvlist_free(pools);
1845 	free(searchdirs);
1846 
1847 	return (err ? 1 : 0);
1848 }
1849 
1850 typedef struct iostat_cbdata {
1851 	zpool_list_t *cb_list;
1852 	int cb_verbose;
1853 	int cb_iteration;
1854 	int cb_namewidth;
1855 } iostat_cbdata_t;
1856 
1857 static void
1858 print_iostat_separator(iostat_cbdata_t *cb)
1859 {
1860 	int i = 0;
1861 
1862 	for (i = 0; i < cb->cb_namewidth; i++)
1863 		(void) printf("-");
1864 	(void) printf("  -----  -----  -----  -----  -----  -----\n");
1865 }
1866 
1867 static void
1868 print_iostat_header(iostat_cbdata_t *cb)
1869 {
1870 	(void) printf("%*s     capacity     operations    bandwidth\n",
1871 	    cb->cb_namewidth, "");
1872 	(void) printf("%-*s   used  avail   read  write   read  write\n",
1873 	    cb->cb_namewidth, "pool");
1874 	print_iostat_separator(cb);
1875 }
1876 
1877 /*
1878  * Display a single statistic.
1879  */
1880 static void
1881 print_one_stat(uint64_t value)
1882 {
1883 	char buf[64];
1884 
1885 	zfs_nicenum(value, buf, sizeof (buf));
1886 	(void) printf("  %5s", buf);
1887 }
1888 
1889 /*
1890  * Print out all the statistics for the given vdev.  This can either be the
1891  * toplevel configuration, or called recursively.  If 'name' is NULL, then this
1892  * is a verbose output, and we don't want to display the toplevel pool stats.
1893  */
1894 void
1895 print_vdev_stats(zpool_handle_t *zhp, const char *name, nvlist_t *oldnv,
1896     nvlist_t *newnv, iostat_cbdata_t *cb, int depth)
1897 {
1898 	nvlist_t **oldchild, **newchild;
1899 	uint_t c, children;
1900 	vdev_stat_t *oldvs, *newvs;
1901 	vdev_stat_t zerovs = { 0 };
1902 	uint64_t tdelta;
1903 	double scale;
1904 	char *vname;
1905 
1906 	if (oldnv != NULL) {
1907 		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(oldnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
1908 		    (uint64_t **)&oldvs, &c) == 0);
1909 	} else {
1910 		oldvs = &zerovs;
1911 	}
1912 
1913 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(newnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
1914 	    (uint64_t **)&newvs, &c) == 0);
1915 
1916 	if (strlen(name) + depth > cb->cb_namewidth)
1917 		(void) printf("%*s%s", depth, "", name);
1918 	else
1919 		(void) printf("%*s%s%*s", depth, "", name,
1920 		    (int)(cb->cb_namewidth - strlen(name) - depth), "");
1921 
1922 	tdelta = newvs->vs_timestamp - oldvs->vs_timestamp;
1923 
1924 	if (tdelta == 0)
1925 		scale = 1.0;
1926 	else
1927 		scale = (double)NANOSEC / tdelta;
1928 
1929 	/* only toplevel vdevs have capacity stats */
1930 	if (newvs->vs_space == 0) {
1931 		(void) printf("      -      -");
1932 	} else {
1933 		print_one_stat(newvs->vs_alloc);
1934 		print_one_stat(newvs->vs_space - newvs->vs_alloc);
1935 	}
1936 
1937 	print_one_stat((uint64_t)(scale * (newvs->vs_ops[ZIO_TYPE_READ] -
1938 	    oldvs->vs_ops[ZIO_TYPE_READ])));
1939 
1940 	print_one_stat((uint64_t)(scale * (newvs->vs_ops[ZIO_TYPE_WRITE] -
1941 	    oldvs->vs_ops[ZIO_TYPE_WRITE])));
1942 
1943 	print_one_stat((uint64_t)(scale * (newvs->vs_bytes[ZIO_TYPE_READ] -
1944 	    oldvs->vs_bytes[ZIO_TYPE_READ])));
1945 
1946 	print_one_stat((uint64_t)(scale * (newvs->vs_bytes[ZIO_TYPE_WRITE] -
1947 	    oldvs->vs_bytes[ZIO_TYPE_WRITE])));
1948 
1949 	(void) printf("\n");
1950 
1951 	if (!cb->cb_verbose)
1952 		return;
1953 
1954 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(newnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
1955 	    &newchild, &children) != 0)
1956 		return;
1957 
1958 	if (oldnv && nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(oldnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
1959 	    &oldchild, &c) != 0)
1960 		return;
1961 
1962 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1963 		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, newchild[c]);
1964 		print_vdev_stats(zhp, vname, oldnv ? oldchild[c] : NULL,
1965 		    newchild[c], cb, depth + 2);
1966 		free(vname);
1967 	}
1968 
1969 	/*
1970 	 * Include level 2 ARC devices in iostat output
1971 	 */
1972 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(newnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
1973 	    &newchild, &children) != 0)
1974 		return;
1975 
1976 	if (oldnv && nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(oldnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
1977 	    &oldchild, &c) != 0)
1978 		return;
1979 
1980 	if (children > 0) {
1981 		(void) printf("%-*s      -      -      -      -      -      "
1982 		    "-\n", cb->cb_namewidth, "cache");
1983 		for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
1984 			vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, newchild[c]);
1985 			print_vdev_stats(zhp, vname, oldnv ? oldchild[c] : NULL,
1986 			    newchild[c], cb, depth + 2);
1987 			free(vname);
1988 		}
1989 	}
1990 }
1991 
1992 static int
1993 refresh_iostat(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
1994 {
1995 	iostat_cbdata_t *cb = data;
1996 	boolean_t missing;
1997 
1998 	/*
1999 	 * If the pool has disappeared, remove it from the list and continue.
2000 	 */
2001 	if (zpool_refresh_stats(zhp, &missing) != 0)
2002 		return (-1);
2003 
2004 	if (missing)
2005 		pool_list_remove(cb->cb_list, zhp);
2006 
2007 	return (0);
2008 }
2009 
2010 /*
2011  * Callback to print out the iostats for the given pool.
2012  */
2013 int
2014 print_iostat(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
2015 {
2016 	iostat_cbdata_t *cb = data;
2017 	nvlist_t *oldconfig, *newconfig;
2018 	nvlist_t *oldnvroot, *newnvroot;
2019 
2020 	newconfig = zpool_get_config(zhp, &oldconfig);
2021 
2022 	if (cb->cb_iteration == 1)
2023 		oldconfig = NULL;
2024 
2025 	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(newconfig, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2026 	    &newnvroot) == 0);
2027 
2028 	if (oldconfig == NULL)
2029 		oldnvroot = NULL;
2030 	else
2031 		verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(oldconfig, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2032 		    &oldnvroot) == 0);
2033 
2034 	/*
2035 	 * Print out the statistics for the pool.
2036 	 */
2037 	print_vdev_stats(zhp, zpool_get_name(zhp), oldnvroot, newnvroot, cb, 0);
2038 
2039 	if (cb->cb_verbose)
2040 		print_iostat_separator(cb);
2041 
2042 	return (0);
2043 }
2044 
2045 int
2046 get_namewidth(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
2047 {
2048 	iostat_cbdata_t *cb = data;
2049 	nvlist_t *config, *nvroot;
2050 
2051 	if ((config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL)) != NULL) {
2052 		verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
2053 		    &nvroot) == 0);
2054 		if (!cb->cb_verbose)
2055 			cb->cb_namewidth = strlen(zpool_get_name(zhp));
2056 		else
2057 			cb->cb_namewidth = max_width(zhp, nvroot, 0, 0);
2058 	}
2059 
2060 	/*
2061 	 * The width must fall into the range [10,38].  The upper limit is the
2062 	 * maximum we can have and still fit in 80 columns.
2063 	 */
2064 	if (cb->cb_namewidth < 10)
2065 		cb->cb_namewidth = 10;
2066 	if (cb->cb_namewidth > 38)
2067 		cb->cb_namewidth = 38;
2068 
2069 	return (0);
2070 }
2071 
2072 /*
2073  * zpool iostat [-v] [pool] ... [interval [count]]
2074  *
2075  *	-v	Display statistics for individual vdevs
2076  *
2077  * This command can be tricky because we want to be able to deal with pool
2078  * creation/destruction as well as vdev configuration changes.  The bulk of this
2079  * processing is handled by the pool_list_* routines in zpool_iter.c.  We rely
2080  * on pool_list_update() to detect the addition of new pools.  Configuration
2081  * changes are all handled within libzfs.
2082  */
2083 int
2084 zpool_do_iostat(int argc, char **argv)
2085 {
2086 	int c;
2087 	int ret;
2088 	int npools;
2089 	unsigned long interval = 0, count = 0;
2090 	zpool_list_t *list;
2091 	boolean_t verbose = B_FALSE;
2092 	iostat_cbdata_t cb;
2093 
2094 	/* check options */
2095 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "v")) != -1) {
2096 		switch (c) {
2097 		case 'v':
2098 			verbose = B_TRUE;
2099 			break;
2100 		case '?':
2101 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2102 			    optopt);
2103 			usage(B_FALSE);
2104 		}
2105 	}
2106 
2107 	argc -= optind;
2108 	argv += optind;
2109 
2110 	/*
2111 	 * Determine if the last argument is an integer or a pool name
2112 	 */
2113 	if (argc > 0 && isdigit(argv[argc - 1][0])) {
2114 		char *end;
2115 
2116 		errno = 0;
2117 		interval = strtoul(argv[argc - 1], &end, 10);
2118 
2119 		if (*end == '\0' && errno == 0) {
2120 			if (interval == 0) {
2121 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("interval "
2122 				    "cannot be zero\n"));
2123 				usage(B_FALSE);
2124 			}
2125 
2126 			/*
2127 			 * Ignore the last parameter
2128 			 */
2129 			argc--;
2130 		} else {
2131 			/*
2132 			 * If this is not a valid number, just plow on.  The
2133 			 * user will get a more informative error message later
2134 			 * on.
2135 			 */
2136 			interval = 0;
2137 		}
2138 	}
2139 
2140 	/*
2141 	 * If the last argument is also an integer, then we have both a count
2142 	 * and an integer.
2143 	 */
2144 	if (argc > 0 && isdigit(argv[argc - 1][0])) {
2145 		char *end;
2146 
2147 		errno = 0;
2148 		count = interval;
2149 		interval = strtoul(argv[argc - 1], &end, 10);
2150 
2151 		if (*end == '\0' && errno == 0) {
2152 			if (interval == 0) {
2153 				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("interval "
2154 				    "cannot be zero\n"));
2155 				usage(B_FALSE);
2156 			}
2157 
2158 			/*
2159 			 * Ignore the last parameter
2160 			 */
2161 			argc--;
2162 		} else {
2163 			interval = 0;
2164 		}
2165 	}
2166 
2167 	/*
2168 	 * Construct the list of all interesting pools.
2169 	 */
2170 	ret = 0;
2171 	if ((list = pool_list_get(argc, argv, NULL, &ret)) == NULL)
2172 		return (1);
2173 
2174 	if (pool_list_count(list) == 0 && argc != 0) {
2175 		pool_list_free(list);
2176 		return (1);
2177 	}
2178 
2179 	if (pool_list_count(list) == 0 && interval == 0) {
2180 		pool_list_free(list);
2181 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("no pools available\n"));
2182 		return (1);
2183 	}
2184 
2185 	/*
2186 	 * Enter the main iostat loop.
2187 	 */
2188 	cb.cb_list = list;
2189 	cb.cb_verbose = verbose;
2190 	cb.cb_iteration = 0;
2191 	cb.cb_namewidth = 0;
2192 
2193 	for (;;) {
2194 		pool_list_update(list);
2195 
2196 		if ((npools = pool_list_count(list)) == 0)
2197 			break;
2198 
2199 		/*
2200 		 * Refresh all statistics.  This is done as an explicit step
2201 		 * before calculating the maximum name width, so that any
2202 		 * configuration changes are properly accounted for.
2203 		 */
2204 		(void) pool_list_iter(list, B_FALSE, refresh_iostat, &cb);
2205 
2206 		/*
2207 		 * Iterate over all pools to determine the maximum width
2208 		 * for the pool / device name column across all pools.
2209 		 */
2210 		cb.cb_namewidth = 0;
2211 		(void) pool_list_iter(list, B_FALSE, get_namewidth, &cb);
2212 
2213 		/*
2214 		 * If it's the first time, or verbose mode, print the header.
2215 		 */
2216 		if (++cb.cb_iteration == 1 || verbose)
2217 			print_iostat_header(&cb);
2218 
2219 		(void) pool_list_iter(list, B_FALSE, print_iostat, &cb);
2220 
2221 		/*
2222 		 * If there's more than one pool, and we're not in verbose mode
2223 		 * (which prints a separator for us), then print a separator.
2224 		 */
2225 		if (npools > 1 && !verbose)
2226 			print_iostat_separator(&cb);
2227 
2228 		if (verbose)
2229 			(void) printf("\n");
2230 
2231 		/*
2232 		 * Flush the output so that redirection to a file isn't buffered
2233 		 * indefinitely.
2234 		 */
2235 		(void) fflush(stdout);
2236 
2237 		if (interval == 0)
2238 			break;
2239 
2240 		if (count != 0 && --count == 0)
2241 			break;
2242 
2243 		(void) sleep(interval);
2244 	}
2245 
2246 	pool_list_free(list);
2247 
2248 	return (ret);
2249 }
2250 
2251 typedef struct list_cbdata {
2252 	boolean_t	cb_scripted;
2253 	boolean_t	cb_first;
2254 	zprop_list_t	*cb_proplist;
2255 } list_cbdata_t;
2256 
2257 /*
2258  * Given a list of columns to display, output appropriate headers for each one.
2259  */
2260 static void
2261 print_header(zprop_list_t *pl)
2262 {
2263 	const char *header;
2264 	boolean_t first = B_TRUE;
2265 	boolean_t right_justify;
2266 
2267 	for (; pl != NULL; pl = pl->pl_next) {
2268 		if (pl->pl_prop == ZPROP_INVAL)
2269 			continue;
2270 
2271 		if (!first)
2272 			(void) printf("  ");
2273 		else
2274 			first = B_FALSE;
2275 
2276 		header = zpool_prop_column_name(pl->pl_prop);
2277 		right_justify = zpool_prop_align_right(pl->pl_prop);
2278 
2279 		if (pl->pl_next == NULL && !right_justify)
2280 			(void) printf("%s", header);
2281 		else if (right_justify)
2282 			(void) printf("%*s", pl->pl_width, header);
2283 		else
2284 			(void) printf("%-*s", pl->pl_width, header);
2285 	}
2286 
2287 	(void) printf("\n");
2288 }
2289 
2290 /*
2291  * Given a pool and a list of properties, print out all the properties according
2292  * to the described layout.
2293  */
2294 static void
2295 print_pool(zpool_handle_t *zhp, zprop_list_t *pl, int scripted)
2296 {
2297 	boolean_t first = B_TRUE;
2298 	char property[ZPOOL_MAXPROPLEN];
2299 	char *propstr;
2300 	boolean_t right_justify;
2301 	int width;
2302 
2303 	for (; pl != NULL; pl = pl->pl_next) {
2304 		if (!first) {
2305 			if (scripted)
2306 				(void) printf("\t");
2307 			else
2308 				(void) printf("  ");
2309 		} else {
2310 			first = B_FALSE;
2311 		}
2312 
2313 		right_justify = B_FALSE;
2314 		if (pl->pl_prop != ZPROP_INVAL) {
2315 			if (zpool_get_prop(zhp, pl->pl_prop, property,
2316 			    sizeof (property), NULL) != 0)
2317 				propstr = "-";
2318 			else
2319 				propstr = property;
2320 
2321 			right_justify = zpool_prop_align_right(pl->pl_prop);
2322 		} else {
2323 			propstr = "-";
2324 		}
2325 
2326 		width = pl->pl_width;
2327 
2328 		/*
2329 		 * If this is being called in scripted mode, or if this is the
2330 		 * last column and it is left-justified, don't include a width
2331 		 * format specifier.
2332 		 */
2333 		if (scripted || (pl->pl_next == NULL && !right_justify))
2334 			(void) printf("%s", propstr);
2335 		else if (right_justify)
2336 			(void) printf("%*s", width, propstr);
2337 		else
2338 			(void) printf("%-*s", width, propstr);
2339 	}
2340 
2341 	(void) printf("\n");
2342 }
2343 
2344 /*
2345  * Generic callback function to list a pool.
2346  */
2347 int
2348 list_callback(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
2349 {
2350 	list_cbdata_t *cbp = data;
2351 
2352 	if (cbp->cb_first) {
2353 		if (!cbp->cb_scripted)
2354 			print_header(cbp->cb_proplist);
2355 		cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
2356 	}
2357 
2358 	print_pool(zhp, cbp->cb_proplist, cbp->cb_scripted);
2359 
2360 	return (0);
2361 }
2362 
2363 /*
2364  * zpool list [-H] [-o prop[,prop]*] [pool] ...
2365  *
2366  *	-H	Scripted mode.  Don't display headers, and separate properties
2367  *		by a single tab.
2368  *	-o	List of properties to display.  Defaults to
2369  *		"name,size,used,available,capacity,health,altroot"
2370  *
2371  * List all pools in the system, whether or not they're healthy.  Output space
2372  * statistics for each one, as well as health status summary.
2373  */
2374 int
2375 zpool_do_list(int argc, char **argv)
2376 {
2377 	int c;
2378 	int ret;
2379 	list_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };
2380 	static char default_props[] =
2381 	    "name,size,used,available,capacity,health,altroot";
2382 	char *props = default_props;
2383 
2384 	/* check options */
2385 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":Ho:")) != -1) {
2386 		switch (c) {
2387 		case 'H':
2388 			cb.cb_scripted = B_TRUE;
2389 			break;
2390 		case 'o':
2391 			props = optarg;
2392 			break;
2393 		case ':':
2394 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
2395 			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
2396 			usage(B_FALSE);
2397 			break;
2398 		case '?':
2399 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2400 			    optopt);
2401 			usage(B_FALSE);
2402 		}
2403 	}
2404 
2405 	argc -= optind;
2406 	argv += optind;
2407 
2408 	if (zprop_get_list(g_zfs, props, &cb.cb_proplist, ZFS_TYPE_POOL) != 0)
2409 		usage(B_FALSE);
2410 
2411 	cb.cb_first = B_TRUE;
2412 
2413 	ret = for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_TRUE, &cb.cb_proplist,
2414 	    list_callback, &cb);
2415 
2416 	zprop_free_list(cb.cb_proplist);
2417 
2418 	if (argc == 0 && cb.cb_first && !cb.cb_scripted) {
2419 		(void) printf(gettext("no pools available\n"));
2420 		return (0);
2421 	}
2422 
2423 	return (ret);
2424 }
2425 
2426 static nvlist_t *
2427 zpool_get_vdev_by_name(nvlist_t *nv, char *name)
2428 {
2429 	nvlist_t **child;
2430 	uint_t c, children;
2431 	nvlist_t *match;
2432 	char *path;
2433 
2434 	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
2435 	    &child, &children) != 0) {
2436 		verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, &path) == 0);
2437 		if (strncmp(name, "/dev/dsk/", 9) == 0)
2438 			name += 9;
2439 		if (strncmp(path, "/dev/dsk/", 9) == 0)
2440 			path += 9;
2441 		if (strcmp(name, path) == 0)
2442 			return (nv);
2443 		return (NULL);
2444 	}
2445 
2446 	for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
2447 		if ((match = zpool_get_vdev_by_name(child[c], name)) != NULL)
2448 			return (match);
2449 
2450 	return (NULL);
2451 }
2452 
2453 static int
2454 zpool_do_attach_or_replace(int argc, char **argv, int replacing)
2455 {
2456 	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
2457 	int c;
2458 	nvlist_t *nvroot;
2459 	char *poolname, *old_disk, *new_disk;
2460 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
2461 	int ret;
2462 
2463 	/* check options */
2464 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
2465 		switch (c) {
2466 		case 'f':
2467 			force = B_TRUE;
2468 			break;
2469 		case '?':
2470 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2471 			    optopt);
2472 			usage(B_FALSE);
2473 		}
2474 	}
2475 
2476 	argc -= optind;
2477 	argv += optind;
2478 
2479 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
2480 	if (argc < 1) {
2481 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
2482 		usage(B_FALSE);
2483 	}
2484 
2485 	poolname = argv[0];
2486 
2487 	if (argc < 2) {
2488 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
2489 		    gettext("missing <device> specification\n"));
2490 		usage(B_FALSE);
2491 	}
2492 
2493 	old_disk = argv[1];
2494 
2495 	if (argc < 3) {
2496 		if (!replacing) {
2497 			(void) fprintf(stderr,
2498 			    gettext("missing <new_device> specification\n"));
2499 			usage(B_FALSE);
2500 		}
2501 		new_disk = old_disk;
2502 		argc -= 1;
2503 		argv += 1;
2504 	} else {
2505 		new_disk = argv[2];
2506 		argc -= 2;
2507 		argv += 2;
2508 	}
2509 
2510 	if (argc > 1) {
2511 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
2512 		usage(B_FALSE);
2513 	}
2514 
2515 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
2516 		return (1);
2517 
2518 	if (zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL) == NULL) {
2519 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("pool '%s' is unavailable\n"),
2520 		    poolname);
2521 		zpool_close(zhp);
2522 		return (1);
2523 	}
2524 
2525 	nvroot = make_root_vdev(zhp, force, B_FALSE, replacing, B_FALSE,
2526 	    argc, argv);
2527 	if (nvroot == NULL) {
2528 		zpool_close(zhp);
2529 		return (1);
2530 	}
2531 
2532 	ret = zpool_vdev_attach(zhp, old_disk, new_disk, nvroot, replacing);
2533 
2534 	nvlist_free(nvroot);
2535 	zpool_close(zhp);
2536 
2537 	return (ret);
2538 }
2539 
2540 /*
2541  * zpool replace [-f] <pool> <device> <new_device>
2542  *
2543  *	-f	Force attach, even if <new_device> appears to be in use.
2544  *
2545  * Replace <device> with <new_device>.
2546  */
2547 /* ARGSUSED */
2548 int
2549 zpool_do_replace(int argc, char **argv)
2550 {
2551 	return (zpool_do_attach_or_replace(argc, argv, B_TRUE));
2552 }
2553 
2554 /*
2555  * zpool attach [-f] <pool> <device> <new_device>
2556  *
2557  *	-f	Force attach, even if <new_device> appears to be in use.
2558  *
2559  * Attach <new_device> to the mirror containing <device>.  If <device> is not
2560  * part of a mirror, then <device> will be transformed into a mirror of
2561  * <device> and <new_device>.  In either case, <new_device> will begin life
2562  * with a DTL of [0, now], and will immediately begin to resilver itself.
2563  */
2564 int
2565 zpool_do_attach(int argc, char **argv)
2566 {
2567 	return (zpool_do_attach_or_replace(argc, argv, B_FALSE));
2568 }
2569 
2570 /*
2571  * zpool detach [-f] <pool> <device>
2572  *
2573  *	-f	Force detach of <device>, even if DTLs argue against it
2574  *		(not supported yet)
2575  *
2576  * Detach a device from a mirror.  The operation will be refused if <device>
2577  * is the last device in the mirror, or if the DTLs indicate that this device
2578  * has the only valid copy of some data.
2579  */
2580 /* ARGSUSED */
2581 int
2582 zpool_do_detach(int argc, char **argv)
2583 {
2584 	int c;
2585 	char *poolname, *path;
2586 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
2587 	int ret;
2588 
2589 	/* check options */
2590 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
2591 		switch (c) {
2592 		case 'f':
2593 		case '?':
2594 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2595 			    optopt);
2596 			usage(B_FALSE);
2597 		}
2598 	}
2599 
2600 	argc -= optind;
2601 	argv += optind;
2602 
2603 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
2604 	if (argc < 1) {
2605 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
2606 		usage(B_FALSE);
2607 	}
2608 
2609 	if (argc < 2) {
2610 		(void) fprintf(stderr,
2611 		    gettext("missing <device> specification\n"));
2612 		usage(B_FALSE);
2613 	}
2614 
2615 	poolname = argv[0];
2616 	path = argv[1];
2617 
2618 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
2619 		return (1);
2620 
2621 	ret = zpool_vdev_detach(zhp, path);
2622 
2623 	zpool_close(zhp);
2624 
2625 	return (ret);
2626 }
2627 
2628 /*
2629  * zpool online <pool> <device> ...
2630  */
2631 int
2632 zpool_do_online(int argc, char **argv)
2633 {
2634 	int c, i;
2635 	char *poolname;
2636 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
2637 	int ret = 0;
2638 	vdev_state_t newstate;
2639 	int flags = 0;
2640 
2641 	/* check options */
2642 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "et")) != -1) {
2643 		switch (c) {
2644 		case 'e':
2645 			flags |= ZFS_ONLINE_EXPAND;
2646 			break;
2647 		case 't':
2648 		case '?':
2649 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2650 			    optopt);
2651 			usage(B_FALSE);
2652 		}
2653 	}
2654 
2655 	argc -= optind;
2656 	argv += optind;
2657 
2658 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
2659 	if (argc < 1) {
2660 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name\n"));
2661 		usage(B_FALSE);
2662 	}
2663 	if (argc < 2) {
2664 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing device name\n"));
2665 		usage(B_FALSE);
2666 	}
2667 
2668 	poolname = argv[0];
2669 
2670 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
2671 		return (1);
2672 
2673 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2674 		if (zpool_vdev_online(zhp, argv[i], flags, &newstate) == 0) {
2675 			if (newstate != VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
2676 				(void) printf(gettext("warning: device '%s' "
2677 				    "onlined, but remains in faulted state\n"),
2678 				    argv[i]);
2679 				if (newstate == VDEV_STATE_FAULTED)
2680 					(void) printf(gettext("use 'zpool "
2681 					    "clear' to restore a faulted "
2682 					    "device\n"));
2683 				else
2684 					(void) printf(gettext("use 'zpool "
2685 					    "replace' to replace devices "
2686 					    "that are no longer present\n"));
2687 			}
2688 		} else {
2689 			ret = 1;
2690 		}
2691 	}
2692 
2693 	zpool_close(zhp);
2694 
2695 	return (ret);
2696 }
2697 
2698 /*
2699  * zpool offline [-ft] <pool> <device> ...
2700  *
2701  *	-f	Force the device into the offline state, even if doing
2702  *		so would appear to compromise pool availability.
2703  *		(not supported yet)
2704  *
2705  *	-t	Only take the device off-line temporarily.  The offline
2706  *		state will not be persistent across reboots.
2707  */
2708 /* ARGSUSED */
2709 int
2710 zpool_do_offline(int argc, char **argv)
2711 {
2712 	int c, i;
2713 	char *poolname;
2714 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
2715 	int ret = 0;
2716 	boolean_t istmp = B_FALSE;
2717 
2718 	/* check options */
2719 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "ft")) != -1) {
2720 		switch (c) {
2721 		case 't':
2722 			istmp = B_TRUE;
2723 			break;
2724 		case 'f':
2725 		case '?':
2726 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2727 			    optopt);
2728 			usage(B_FALSE);
2729 		}
2730 	}
2731 
2732 	argc -= optind;
2733 	argv += optind;
2734 
2735 	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
2736 	if (argc < 1) {
2737 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name\n"));
2738 		usage(B_FALSE);
2739 	}
2740 	if (argc < 2) {
2741 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing device name\n"));
2742 		usage(B_FALSE);
2743 	}
2744 
2745 	poolname = argv[0];
2746 
2747 	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
2748 		return (1);
2749 
2750 	for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
2751 		if (zpool_vdev_offline(zhp, argv[i], istmp) != 0)
2752 			ret = 1;
2753 	}
2754 
2755 	zpool_close(zhp);
2756 
2757 	return (ret);
2758 }
2759 
2760 /*
2761  * zpool clear <pool> [device]
2762  *
2763  * Clear all errors associated with a pool or a particular device.
2764  */
2765 int
2766 zpool_do_clear(int argc, char **argv)
2767 {
2768 	int ret = 0;
2769 	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
2770 	char *pool, *device;
2771 
2772 	if (argc < 2) {
2773 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name\n"));
2774 		usage(B_FALSE);
2775 	}
2776 
2777 	if (argc > 3) {
2778 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
2779 		usage(B_FALSE);
2780 	}
2781 
2782 	pool = argv[1];
2783 	device = argc == 3 ? argv[2] : NULL;
2784 
2785 	if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, pool)) == NULL)
2786 		return (1);
2787 
2788 	if (zpool_clear(zhp, device) != 0)
2789 		ret = 1;
2790 
2791 	zpool_close(zhp);
2792 
2793 	return (ret);
2794 }
2795 
2796 typedef struct scrub_cbdata {
2797 	int	cb_type;
2798 	int	cb_argc;
2799 	char	**cb_argv;
2800 } scrub_cbdata_t;
2801 
2802 int
2803 scrub_callback(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
2804 {
2805 	scrub_cbdata_t *cb = data;
2806 	int err;
2807 
2808 	/*
2809 	 * Ignore faulted pools.
2810 	 */
2811 	if (zpool_get_state(zhp) == POOL_STATE_UNAVAIL) {
2812 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot scrub '%s': pool is "
2813 		    "currently unavailable\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
2814 		return (1);
2815 	}
2816 
2817 	err = zpool_scrub(zhp, cb->cb_type);
2818 
2819 	return (err != 0);
2820 }
2821 
2822 /*
2823  * zpool scrub [-s] <pool> ...
2824  *
2825  *	-s	Stop.  Stops any in-progress scrub.
2826  */
2827 int
2828 zpool_do_scrub(int argc, char **argv)
2829 {
2830 	int c;
2831 	scrub_cbdata_t cb;
2832 
2833 	cb.cb_type = POOL_SCRUB_EVERYTHING;
2834 
2835 	/* check options */
2836 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "s")) != -1) {
2837 		switch (c) {
2838 		case 's':
2839 			cb.cb_type = POOL_SCRUB_NONE;
2840 			break;
2841 		case '?':
2842 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
2843 			    optopt);
2844 			usage(B_FALSE);
2845 		}
2846 	}
2847 
2848 	cb.cb_argc = argc;
2849 	cb.cb_argv = argv;
2850 	argc -= optind;
2851 	argv += optind;
2852 
2853 	if (argc < 1) {
2854 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
2855 		usage(B_FALSE);
2856 	}
2857 
2858 	return (for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_TRUE, NULL, scrub_callback, &cb));
2859 }
2860 
2861 typedef struct status_cbdata {
2862 	int		cb_count;
2863 	boolean_t	cb_allpools;
2864 	boolean_t	cb_verbose;
2865 	boolean_t	cb_explain;
2866 	boolean_t	cb_first;
2867 } status_cbdata_t;
2868 
2869 /*
2870  * Print out detailed scrub status.
2871  */
2872 void
2873 print_scrub_status(nvlist_t *nvroot)
2874 {
2875 	vdev_stat_t *vs;
2876 	uint_t vsc;
2877 	time_t start, end, now;
2878 	double fraction_done;
2879 	uint64_t examined, total, minutes_left, minutes_taken;
2880 	char *scrub_type;
2881 
2882 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
2883 	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &vsc) == 0);
2884 
2885 	/*
2886 	 * If there's never been a scrub, there's not much to say.
2887 	 */
2888 	if (vs->vs_scrub_end == 0 && vs->vs_scrub_type == POOL_SCRUB_NONE) {
2889 		(void) printf(gettext("none requested\n"));
2890 		return;
2891 	}
2892 
2893 	scrub_type = (vs->vs_scrub_type == POOL_SCRUB_RESILVER) ?
2894 	    "resilver" : "scrub";
2895 
2896 	start = vs->vs_scrub_start;
2897 	end = vs->vs_scrub_end;
2898 	now = time(NULL);
2899 	examined = vs->vs_scrub_examined;
2900 	total = vs->vs_alloc;
2901 
2902 	if (end != 0) {
2903 		minutes_taken = (uint64_t)((end - start) / 60);
2904 
2905 		(void) printf(gettext("%s %s after %lluh%um with %llu errors "
2906 		    "on %s"),
2907 		    scrub_type, vs->vs_scrub_complete ? "completed" : "stopped",
2908 		    (u_longlong_t)(minutes_taken / 60),
2909 		    (uint_t)(minutes_taken % 60),
2910 		    (u_longlong_t)vs->vs_scrub_errors, ctime(&end));
2911 		return;
2912 	}
2913 
2914 	if (examined == 0)
2915 		examined = 1;
2916 	if (examined > total)
2917 		total = examined;
2918 
2919 	fraction_done = (double)examined / total;
2920 	minutes_left = (uint64_t)((now - start) *
2921 	    (1 - fraction_done) / fraction_done / 60);
2922 	minutes_taken = (uint64_t)((now - start) / 60);
2923 
2924 	(void) printf(gettext("%s in progress for %lluh%um, %.2f%% done, "
2925 	    "%lluh%um to go\n"),
2926 	    scrub_type, (u_longlong_t)(minutes_taken / 60),
2927 	    (uint_t)(minutes_taken % 60), 100 * fraction_done,
2928 	    (u_longlong_t)(minutes_left / 60), (uint_t)(minutes_left % 60));
2929 }
2930 
2931 static void
2932 print_error_log(zpool_handle_t *zhp)
2933 {
2934 	nvlist_t *nverrlist = NULL;
2935 	nvpair_t *elem;
2936 	char *pathname;
2937 	size_t len = MAXPATHLEN * 2;
2938 
2939 	if (zpool_get_errlog(zhp, &nverrlist) != 0) {
2940 		(void) printf("errors: List of errors unavailable "
2941 		    "(insufficient privileges)\n");
2942 		return;
2943 	}
2944 
2945 	(void) printf("errors: Permanent errors have been "
2946 	    "detected in the following files:\n\n");
2947 
2948 	pathname = safe_malloc(len);
2949 	elem = NULL;
2950 	while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(nverrlist, elem)) != NULL) {
2951 		nvlist_t *nv;
2952 		uint64_t dsobj, obj;
2953 
2954 		verify(nvpair_value_nvlist(elem, &nv) == 0);
2955 		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_ERR_DATASET,
2956 		    &dsobj) == 0);
2957 		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_ERR_OBJECT,
2958 		    &obj) == 0);
2959 		zpool_obj_to_path(zhp, dsobj, obj, pathname, len);
2960 		(void) printf("%7s %s\n", "", pathname);
2961 	}
2962 	free(pathname);
2963 	nvlist_free(nverrlist);
2964 }
2965 
2966 static void
2967 print_spares(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t **spares, uint_t nspares,
2968     int namewidth)
2969 {
2970 	uint_t i;
2971 	char *name;
2972 
2973 	if (nspares == 0)
2974 		return;
2975 
2976 	(void) printf(gettext("\tspares\n"));
2977 
2978 	for (i = 0; i < nspares; i++) {
2979 		name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, spares[i]);
2980 		print_status_config(zhp, name, spares[i],
2981 		    namewidth, 2, B_TRUE);
2982 		free(name);
2983 	}
2984 }
2985 
2986 static void
2987 print_l2cache(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t **l2cache, uint_t nl2cache,
2988     int namewidth)
2989 {
2990 	uint_t i;
2991 	char *name;
2992 
2993 	if (nl2cache == 0)
2994 		return;
2995 
2996 	(void) printf(gettext("\tcache\n"));
2997 
2998 	for (i = 0; i < nl2cache; i++) {
2999 		name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, l2cache[i]);
3000 		print_status_config(zhp, name, l2cache[i],
3001 		    namewidth, 2, B_FALSE);
3002 		free(name);
3003 	}
3004 }
3005 
3006 /*
3007  * Display a summary of pool status.  Displays a summary such as:
3008  *
3009  *        pool: tank
3010  *	status: DEGRADED
3011  *	reason: One or more devices ...
3012  *         see: http://www.sun.com/msg/ZFS-xxxx-01
3013  *	config:
3014  *		mirror		DEGRADED
3015  *                c1t0d0	OK
3016  *                c2t0d0	UNAVAIL
3017  *
3018  * When given the '-v' option, we print out the complete config.  If the '-e'
3019  * option is specified, then we print out error rate information as well.
3020  */
3021 int
3022 status_callback(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
3023 {
3024 	status_cbdata_t *cbp = data;
3025 	nvlist_t *config, *nvroot;
3026 	char *msgid;
3027 	int reason;
3028 	const char *health;
3029 	uint_t c;
3030 	vdev_stat_t *vs;
3031 
3032 	config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL);
3033 	reason = zpool_get_status(zhp, &msgid);
3034 
3035 	cbp->cb_count++;
3036 
3037 	/*
3038 	 * If we were given 'zpool status -x', only report those pools with
3039 	 * problems.
3040 	 */
3041 	if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_OK && cbp->cb_explain) {
3042 		if (!cbp->cb_allpools) {
3043 			(void) printf(gettext("pool '%s' is healthy\n"),
3044 			    zpool_get_name(zhp));
3045 			if (cbp->cb_first)
3046 				cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
3047 		}
3048 		return (0);
3049 	}
3050 
3051 	if (cbp->cb_first)
3052 		cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
3053 	else
3054 		(void) printf("\n");
3055 
3056 	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
3057 	    &nvroot) == 0);
3058 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_STATS,
3059 	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &c) == 0);
3060 	health = zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux);
3061 
3062 	(void) printf(gettext("  pool: %s\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
3063 	(void) printf(gettext(" state: %s\n"), health);
3064 
3065 	switch (reason) {
3066 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_R:
3067 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices could not "
3068 		    "be opened.  Sufficient replicas exist for\n\tthe pool to "
3069 		    "continue functioning in a degraded state.\n"));
3070 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Attach the missing device and "
3071 		    "online it using 'zpool online'.\n"));
3072 		break;
3073 
3074 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_NR:
3075 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices could not "
3076 		    "be opened.  There are insufficient\n\treplicas for the "
3077 		    "pool to continue functioning.\n"));
3078 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Attach the missing device and "
3079 		    "online it using 'zpool online'.\n"));
3080 		break;
3081 
3082 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_R:
3083 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices could not "
3084 		    "be used because the label is missing or\n\tinvalid.  "
3085 		    "Sufficient replicas exist for the pool to continue\n\t"
3086 		    "functioning in a degraded state.\n"));
3087 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Replace the device using "
3088 		    "'zpool replace'.\n"));
3089 		break;
3090 
3091 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_NR:
3092 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices could not "
3093 		    "be used because the label is missing \n\tor invalid.  "
3094 		    "There are insufficient replicas for the pool to "
3095 		    "continue\n\tfunctioning.\n"));
3096 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Destroy and re-create the pool "
3097 		    "from a backup source.\n"));
3098 		break;
3099 
3100 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAILING_DEV:
3101 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices has "
3102 		    "experienced an unrecoverable error.  An\n\tattempt was "
3103 		    "made to correct the error.  Applications are "
3104 		    "unaffected.\n"));
3105 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Determine if the device needs "
3106 		    "to be replaced, and clear the errors\n\tusing "
3107 		    "'zpool clear' or replace the device with 'zpool "
3108 		    "replace'.\n"));
3109 		break;
3110 
3111 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_OFFLINE_DEV:
3112 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices has "
3113 		    "been taken offline by the administrator.\n\tSufficient "
3114 		    "replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in "
3115 		    "a\n\tdegraded state.\n"));
3116 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Online the device using "
3117 		    "'zpool online' or replace the device with\n\t'zpool "
3118 		    "replace'.\n"));
3119 		break;
3120 
3121 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_REMOVED_DEV:
3122 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices has "
3123 		    "been removed by the administrator.\n\tSufficient "
3124 		    "replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning in "
3125 		    "a\n\tdegraded state.\n"));
3126 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Online the device using "
3127 		    "'zpool online' or replace the device with\n\t'zpool "
3128 		    "replace'.\n"));
3129 		break;
3130 
3131 
3132 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_RESILVERING:
3133 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices is "
3134 		    "currently being resilvered.  The pool will\n\tcontinue "
3135 		    "to function, possibly in a degraded state.\n"));
3136 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Wait for the resilver to "
3137 		    "complete.\n"));
3138 		break;
3139 
3140 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_DATA:
3141 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices has "
3142 		    "experienced an error resulting in data\n\tcorruption.  "
3143 		    "Applications may be affected.\n"));
3144 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Restore the file in question "
3145 		    "if possible.  Otherwise restore the\n\tentire pool from "
3146 		    "backup.\n"));
3147 		break;
3148 
3149 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_POOL:
3150 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool metadata is corrupted "
3151 		    "and the pool cannot be opened.\n"));
3152 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Destroy and re-create the pool "
3153 		    "from a backup source.\n"));
3154 		break;
3155 
3156 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_OLDER:
3157 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool is formatted using an "
3158 		    "older on-disk format.  The pool can\n\tstill be used, but "
3159 		    "some features are unavailable.\n"));
3160 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Upgrade the pool using 'zpool "
3161 		    "upgrade'.  Once this is done, the\n\tpool will no longer "
3162 		    "be accessible on older software versions.\n"));
3163 		break;
3164 
3165 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_NEWER:
3166 		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool has been upgraded to a "
3167 		    "newer, incompatible on-disk version.\n\tThe pool cannot "
3168 		    "be accessed on this system.\n"));
3169 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Access the pool from a system "
3170 		    "running more recent software, or\n\trestore the pool from "
3171 		    "backup.\n"));
3172 		break;
3173 
3174 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_R:
3175 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices are "
3176 		    "faulted in response to persistent errors.\n\tSufficient "
3177 		    "replicas exist for the pool to continue functioning "
3178 		    "in a\n\tdegraded state.\n"));
3179 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Replace the faulted device, "
3180 		    "or use 'zpool clear' to mark the device\n\trepaired.\n"));
3181 		break;
3182 
3183 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_NR:
3184 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices are "
3185 		    "faulted in response to persistent errors.  There are "
3186 		    "insufficient replicas for the pool to\n\tcontinue "
3187 		    "functioning.\n"));
3188 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Destroy and re-create the pool "
3189 		    "from a backup source.  Manually marking the device\n"
3190 		    "\trepaired using 'zpool clear' may allow some data "
3191 		    "to be recovered.\n"));
3192 		break;
3193 
3194 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_IO_FAILURE_WAIT:
3195 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_IO_FAILURE_CONTINUE:
3196 		(void) printf(gettext("status: One or more devices are "
3197 		    "faulted in response to IO failures.\n"));
3198 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Make sure the affected devices "
3199 		    "are connected, then run 'zpool clear'.\n"));
3200 		break;
3201 
3202 	case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_LOG:
3203 		(void) printf(gettext("status: An intent log record "
3204 		    "could not be read.\n"
3205 		    "\tWaiting for adminstrator intervention to fix the "
3206 		    "faulted pool.\n"));
3207 		(void) printf(gettext("action: Either restore the affected "
3208 		    "device(s) and run 'zpool online',\n"
3209 		    "\tor ignore the intent log records by running "
3210 		    "'zpool clear'.\n"));
3211 		break;
3212 
3213 	default:
3214 		/*
3215 		 * The remaining errors can't actually be generated, yet.
3216 		 */
3217 		assert(reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_OK);
3218 	}
3219 
3220 	if (msgid != NULL)
3221 		(void) printf(gettext("   see: http://www.sun.com/msg/%s\n"),
3222 		    msgid);
3223 
3224 	if (config != NULL) {
3225 		int namewidth;
3226 		uint64_t nerr;
3227 		nvlist_t **spares, **l2cache;
3228 		uint_t nspares, nl2cache;
3229 
3230 
3231 		(void) printf(gettext(" scrub: "));
3232 		print_scrub_status(nvroot);
3233 
3234 		namewidth = max_width(zhp, nvroot, 0, 0);
3235 		if (namewidth < 10)
3236 			namewidth = 10;
3237 
3238 		(void) printf(gettext("config:\n\n"));
3239 		(void) printf(gettext("\t%-*s  %-8s %5s %5s %5s\n"), namewidth,
3240 		    "NAME", "STATE", "READ", "WRITE", "CKSUM");
3241 		print_status_config(zhp, zpool_get_name(zhp), nvroot,
3242 		    namewidth, 0, B_FALSE);
3243 
3244 		if (num_logs(nvroot) > 0)
3245 			print_logs(zhp, nvroot, namewidth, B_TRUE);
3246 		if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
3247 		    &l2cache, &nl2cache) == 0)
3248 			print_l2cache(zhp, l2cache, nl2cache, namewidth);
3249 
3250 		if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
3251 		    &spares, &nspares) == 0)
3252 			print_spares(zhp, spares, nspares, namewidth);
3253 
3254 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ERRCOUNT,
3255 		    &nerr) == 0) {
3256 			nvlist_t *nverrlist = NULL;
3257 
3258 			/*
3259 			 * If the approximate error count is small, get a
3260 			 * precise count by fetching the entire log and
3261 			 * uniquifying the results.
3262 			 */
3263 			if (nerr > 0 && nerr < 100 && !cbp->cb_verbose &&
3264 			    zpool_get_errlog(zhp, &nverrlist) == 0) {
3265 				nvpair_t *elem;
3266 
3267 				elem = NULL;
3268 				nerr = 0;
3269 				while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(nverrlist,
3270 				    elem)) != NULL) {
3271 					nerr++;
3272 				}
3273 			}
3274 			nvlist_free(nverrlist);
3275 
3276 			(void) printf("\n");
3277 
3278 			if (nerr == 0)
3279 				(void) printf(gettext("errors: No known data "
3280 				    "errors\n"));
3281 			else if (!cbp->cb_verbose)
3282 				(void) printf(gettext("errors: %llu data "
3283 				    "errors, use '-v' for a list\n"),
3284 				    (u_longlong_t)nerr);
3285 			else
3286 				print_error_log(zhp);
3287 		}
3288 	} else {
3289 		(void) printf(gettext("config: The configuration cannot be "
3290 		    "determined.\n"));
3291 	}
3292 
3293 	return (0);
3294 }
3295 
3296 /*
3297  * zpool status [-vx] [pool] ...
3298  *
3299  *	-v	Display complete error logs
3300  *	-x	Display only pools with potential problems
3301  *
3302  * Describes the health status of all pools or some subset.
3303  */
3304 int
3305 zpool_do_status(int argc, char **argv)
3306 {
3307 	int c;
3308 	int ret;
3309 	status_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };
3310 
3311 	/* check options */
3312 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "vx")) != -1) {
3313 		switch (c) {
3314 		case 'v':
3315 			cb.cb_verbose = B_TRUE;
3316 			break;
3317 		case 'x':
3318 			cb.cb_explain = B_TRUE;
3319 			break;
3320 		case '?':
3321 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
3322 			    optopt);
3323 			usage(B_FALSE);
3324 		}
3325 	}
3326 
3327 	argc -= optind;
3328 	argv += optind;
3329 
3330 	cb.cb_first = B_TRUE;
3331 
3332 	if (argc == 0)
3333 		cb.cb_allpools = B_TRUE;
3334 
3335 	ret = for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_TRUE, NULL, status_callback, &cb);
3336 
3337 	if (argc == 0 && cb.cb_count == 0)
3338 		(void) printf(gettext("no pools available\n"));
3339 	else if (cb.cb_explain && cb.cb_first && cb.cb_allpools)
3340 		(void) printf(gettext("all pools are healthy\n"));
3341 
3342 	return (ret);
3343 }
3344 
3345 typedef struct upgrade_cbdata {
3346 	int	cb_all;
3347 	int	cb_first;
3348 	int	cb_newer;
3349 	int	cb_argc;
3350 	uint64_t cb_version;
3351 	char	**cb_argv;
3352 } upgrade_cbdata_t;
3353 
3354 static int
3355 upgrade_cb(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *arg)
3356 {
3357 	upgrade_cbdata_t *cbp = arg;
3358 	nvlist_t *config;
3359 	uint64_t version;
3360 	int ret = 0;
3361 
3362 	config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL);
3363 	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION,
3364 	    &version) == 0);
3365 
3366 	if (!cbp->cb_newer && version < SPA_VERSION) {
3367 		if (!cbp->cb_all) {
3368 			if (cbp->cb_first) {
3369 				(void) printf(gettext("The following pools are "
3370 				    "out of date, and can be upgraded.  After "
3371 				    "being\nupgraded, these pools will no "
3372 				    "longer be accessible by older software "
3373 				    "versions.\n\n"));
3374 				(void) printf(gettext("VER  POOL\n"));
3375 				(void) printf(gettext("---  ------------\n"));
3376 				cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
3377 			}
3378 
3379 			(void) printf("%2llu   %s\n", (u_longlong_t)version,
3380 			    zpool_get_name(zhp));
3381 		} else {
3382 			cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
3383 			ret = zpool_upgrade(zhp, cbp->cb_version);
3384 			if (!ret) {
3385 				(void) printf(gettext("Successfully upgraded "
3386 				    "'%s'\n\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
3387 			}
3388 		}
3389 	} else if (cbp->cb_newer && version > SPA_VERSION) {
3390 		assert(!cbp->cb_all);
3391 
3392 		if (cbp->cb_first) {
3393 			(void) printf(gettext("The following pools are "
3394 			    "formatted using a newer software version and\n"
3395 			    "cannot be accessed on the current system.\n\n"));
3396 			(void) printf(gettext("VER  POOL\n"));
3397 			(void) printf(gettext("---  ------------\n"));
3398 			cbp->cb_first = B_FALSE;
3399 		}
3400 
3401 		(void) printf("%2llu   %s\n", (u_longlong_t)version,
3402 		    zpool_get_name(zhp));
3403 	}
3404 
3405 	zpool_close(zhp);
3406 	return (ret);
3407 }
3408 
3409 /* ARGSUSED */
3410 static int
3411 upgrade_one(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
3412 {
3413 	upgrade_cbdata_t *cbp = data;
3414 	uint64_t cur_version;
3415 	int ret;
3416 
3417 	if (strcmp("log", zpool_get_name(zhp)) == 0) {
3418 		(void) printf(gettext("'log' is now a reserved word\n"
3419 		    "Pool 'log' must be renamed using export and import"
3420 		    " to upgrade.\n"));
3421 		return (1);
3422 	}
3423 
3424 	cur_version = zpool_get_prop_int(zhp, ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION, NULL);
3425 	if (cur_version > cbp->cb_version) {
3426 		(void) printf(gettext("Pool '%s' is already formatted "
3427 		    "using more current version '%llu'.\n"),
3428 		    zpool_get_name(zhp), cur_version);
3429 		return (0);
3430 	}
3431 	if (cur_version == cbp->cb_version) {
3432 		(void) printf(gettext("Pool '%s' is already formatted "
3433 		    "using the current version.\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
3434 		return (0);
3435 	}
3436 
3437 	ret = zpool_upgrade(zhp, cbp->cb_version);
3438 
3439 	if (!ret) {
3440 		(void) printf(gettext("Successfully upgraded '%s' "
3441 		    "from version %llu to version %llu\n\n"),
3442 		    zpool_get_name(zhp), (u_longlong_t)cur_version,
3443 		    (u_longlong_t)cbp->cb_version);
3444 	}
3445 
3446 	return (ret != 0);
3447 }
3448 
3449 /*
3450  * zpool upgrade
3451  * zpool upgrade -v
3452  * zpool upgrade [-V version] <-a | pool ...>
3453  *
3454  * With no arguments, display downrev'd ZFS pool available for upgrade.
3455  * Individual pools can be upgraded by specifying the pool, and '-a' will
3456  * upgrade all pools.
3457  */
3458 int
3459 zpool_do_upgrade(int argc, char **argv)
3460 {
3461 	int c;
3462 	upgrade_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };
3463 	int ret = 0;
3464 	boolean_t showversions = B_FALSE;
3465 	char *end;
3466 
3467 
3468 	/* check options */
3469 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":avV:")) != -1) {
3470 		switch (c) {
3471 		case 'a':
3472 			cb.cb_all = B_TRUE;
3473 			break;
3474 		case 'v':
3475 			showversions = B_TRUE;
3476 			break;
3477 		case 'V':
3478 			cb.cb_version = strtoll(optarg, &end, 10);
3479 			if (*end != '\0' || cb.cb_version > SPA_VERSION ||
3480 			    cb.cb_version < SPA_VERSION_1) {
3481 				(void) fprintf(stderr,
3482 				    gettext("invalid version '%s'\n"), optarg);
3483 				usage(B_FALSE);
3484 			}
3485 			break;
3486 		case ':':
3487 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
3488 			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
3489 			usage(B_FALSE);
3490 			break;
3491 		case '?':
3492 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
3493 			    optopt);
3494 			usage(B_FALSE);
3495 		}
3496 	}
3497 
3498 	cb.cb_argc = argc;
3499 	cb.cb_argv = argv;
3500 	argc -= optind;
3501 	argv += optind;
3502 
3503 	if (cb.cb_version == 0) {
3504 		cb.cb_version = SPA_VERSION;
3505 	} else if (!cb.cb_all && argc == 0) {
3506 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-V option is "
3507 		    "incompatible with other arguments\n"));
3508 		usage(B_FALSE);
3509 	}
3510 
3511 	if (showversions) {
3512 		if (cb.cb_all || argc != 0) {
3513 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-v option is "
3514 			    "incompatible with other arguments\n"));
3515 			usage(B_FALSE);
3516 		}
3517 	} else if (cb.cb_all) {
3518 		if (argc != 0) {
3519 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-a option should not "
3520 			    "be used along with a pool name\n"));
3521 			usage(B_FALSE);
3522 		}
3523 	}
3524 
3525 	(void) printf(gettext("This system is currently running "
3526 	    "ZFS pool version %llu.\n\n"), SPA_VERSION);
3527 	cb.cb_first = B_TRUE;
3528 	if (showversions) {
3529 		(void) printf(gettext("The following versions are "
3530 		    "supported:\n\n"));
3531 		(void) printf(gettext("VER  DESCRIPTION\n"));
3532 		(void) printf("---  -----------------------------------------"
3533 		    "---------------\n");
3534 		(void) printf(gettext(" 1   Initial ZFS version\n"));
3535 		(void) printf(gettext(" 2   Ditto blocks "
3536 		    "(replicated metadata)\n"));
3537 		(void) printf(gettext(" 3   Hot spares and double parity "
3538 		    "RAID-Z\n"));
3539 		(void) printf(gettext(" 4   zpool history\n"));
3540 		(void) printf(gettext(" 5   Compression using the gzip "
3541 		    "algorithm\n"));
3542 		(void) printf(gettext(" 6   bootfs pool property\n"));
3543 		(void) printf(gettext(" 7   Separate intent log devices\n"));
3544 		(void) printf(gettext(" 8   Delegated administration\n"));
3545 		(void) printf(gettext(" 9   refquota and refreservation "
3546 		    "properties\n"));
3547 		(void) printf(gettext(" 10  Cache devices\n"));
3548 		(void) printf(gettext(" 11  Improved scrub performance\n"));
3549 		(void) printf(gettext(" 12  Snapshot properties\n"));
3550 		(void) printf(gettext(" 13  snapused property\n"));
3551 		(void) printf(gettext(" 14  passthrough-x aclinherit\n"));
3552 		(void) printf(gettext(" 15  user/group space accounting\n"));
3553 		(void) printf(gettext(" 16  stmf property support\n"));
3554 		(void) printf(gettext(" 17  Triple-parity RAID-Z\n"));
3555 		(void) printf(gettext(" 18  snapshot user holds\n"));
3556 		(void) printf(gettext("For more information on a particular "
3557 		    "version, including supported releases, see:\n\n"));
3558 		(void) printf("http://www.opensolaris.org/os/community/zfs/"
3559 		    "version/N\n\n");
3560 		(void) printf(gettext("Where 'N' is the version number.\n"));
3561 	} else if (argc == 0) {
3562 		int notfound;
3563 
3564 		ret = zpool_iter(g_zfs, upgrade_cb, &cb);
3565 		notfound = cb.cb_first;
3566 
3567 		if (!cb.cb_all && ret == 0) {
3568 			if (!cb.cb_first)
3569 				(void) printf("\n");
3570 			cb.cb_first = B_TRUE;
3571 			cb.cb_newer = B_TRUE;
3572 			ret = zpool_iter(g_zfs, upgrade_cb, &cb);
3573 			if (!cb.cb_first) {
3574 				notfound = B_FALSE;
3575 				(void) printf("\n");
3576 			}
3577 		}
3578 
3579 		if (ret == 0) {
3580 			if (notfound)
3581 				(void) printf(gettext("All pools are formatted "
3582 				    "using this version.\n"));
3583 			else if (!cb.cb_all)
3584 				(void) printf(gettext("Use 'zpool upgrade -v' "
3585 				    "for a list of available versions and "
3586 				    "their associated\nfeatures.\n"));
3587 		}
3588 	} else {
3589 		ret = for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_FALSE, NULL,
3590 		    upgrade_one, &cb);
3591 	}
3592 
3593 	return (ret);
3594 }
3595 
3596 typedef struct hist_cbdata {
3597 	boolean_t first;
3598 	int longfmt;
3599 	int internal;
3600 } hist_cbdata_t;
3601 
3602 char *hist_event_table[LOG_END] = {
3603 	"invalid event",
3604 	"pool create",
3605 	"vdev add",
3606 	"pool remove",
3607 	"pool destroy",
3608 	"pool export",
3609 	"pool import",
3610 	"vdev attach",
3611 	"vdev replace",
3612 	"vdev detach",
3613 	"vdev online",
3614 	"vdev offline",
3615 	"vdev upgrade",
3616 	"pool clear",
3617 	"pool scrub",
3618 	"pool property set",
3619 	"create",
3620 	"clone",
3621 	"destroy",
3622 	"destroy_begin_sync",
3623 	"inherit",
3624 	"property set",
3625 	"quota set",
3626 	"permission update",
3627 	"permission remove",
3628 	"permission who remove",
3629 	"promote",
3630 	"receive",
3631 	"rename",
3632 	"reservation set",
3633 	"replay_inc_sync",
3634 	"replay_full_sync",
3635 	"rollback",
3636 	"snapshot",
3637 	"filesystem version upgrade",
3638 	"refquota set",
3639 	"refreservation set",
3640 	"pool scrub done",
3641 	"user hold",
3642 	"user release",
3643 };
3644 
3645 /*
3646  * Print out the command history for a specific pool.
3647  */
3648 static int
3649 get_history_one(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
3650 {
3651 	nvlist_t *nvhis;
3652 	nvlist_t **records;
3653 	uint_t numrecords;
3654 	char *cmdstr;
3655 	char *pathstr;
3656 	uint64_t dst_time;
3657 	time_t tsec;
3658 	struct tm t;
3659 	char tbuf[30];
3660 	int ret, i;
3661 	uint64_t who;
3662 	struct passwd *pwd;
3663 	char *hostname;
3664 	char *zonename;
3665 	char internalstr[MAXPATHLEN];
3666 	hist_cbdata_t *cb = (hist_cbdata_t *)data;
3667 	uint64_t txg;
3668 	uint64_t ievent;
3669 
3670 	cb->first = B_FALSE;
3671 
3672 	(void) printf(gettext("History for '%s':\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
3673 
3674 	if ((ret = zpool_get_history(zhp, &nvhis)) != 0)
3675 		return (ret);
3676 
3677 	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvhis, ZPOOL_HIST_RECORD,
3678 	    &records, &numrecords) == 0);
3679 	for (i = 0; i < numrecords; i++) {
3680 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(records[i], ZPOOL_HIST_TIME,
3681 		    &dst_time) != 0)
3682 			continue;
3683 
3684 		/* is it an internal event or a standard event? */
3685 		if (nvlist_lookup_string(records[i], ZPOOL_HIST_CMD,
3686 		    &cmdstr) != 0) {
3687 			if (cb->internal == 0)
3688 				continue;
3689 
3690 			if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(records[i],
3691 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_EVENT, &ievent) != 0)
3692 				continue;
3693 			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(records[i],
3694 			    ZPOOL_HIST_TXG, &txg) == 0);
3695 			verify(nvlist_lookup_string(records[i],
3696 			    ZPOOL_HIST_INT_STR, &pathstr) == 0);
3697 			if (ievent >= LOG_END)
3698 				continue;
3699 			(void) snprintf(internalstr,
3700 			    sizeof (internalstr),
3701 			    "[internal %s txg:%lld] %s",
3702 			    hist_event_table[ievent], txg,
3703 			    pathstr);
3704 			cmdstr = internalstr;
3705 		}
3706 		tsec = dst_time;
3707 		(void) localtime_r(&tsec, &t);
3708 		(void) strftime(tbuf, sizeof (tbuf), "%F.%T", &t);
3709 		(void) printf("%s %s", tbuf, cmdstr);
3710 
3711 		if (!cb->longfmt) {
3712 			(void) printf("\n");
3713 			continue;
3714 		}
3715 		(void) printf(" [");
3716 		if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(records[i],
3717 		    ZPOOL_HIST_WHO, &who) == 0) {
3718 			pwd = getpwuid((uid_t)who);
3719 			if (pwd)
3720 				(void) printf("user %s on",
3721 				    pwd->pw_name);
3722 			else
3723 				(void) printf("user %d on",
3724 				    (int)who);
3725 		} else {
3726 			(void) printf(gettext("no info]\n"));
3727 			continue;
3728 		}
3729 		if (nvlist_lookup_string(records[i],
3730 		    ZPOOL_HIST_HOST, &hostname) == 0) {
3731 			(void) printf(" %s", hostname);
3732 		}
3733 		if (nvlist_lookup_string(records[i],
3734 		    ZPOOL_HIST_ZONE, &zonename) == 0) {
3735 			(void) printf(":%s", zonename);
3736 		}
3737 
3738 		(void) printf("]");
3739 		(void) printf("\n");
3740 	}
3741 	(void) printf("\n");
3742 	nvlist_free(nvhis);
3743 
3744 	return (ret);
3745 }
3746 
3747 /*
3748  * zpool history <pool>
3749  *
3750  * Displays the history of commands that modified pools.
3751  */
3752 
3753 
3754 int
3755 zpool_do_history(int argc, char **argv)
3756 {
3757 	hist_cbdata_t cbdata = { 0 };
3758 	int ret;
3759 	int c;
3760 
3761 	cbdata.first = B_TRUE;
3762 	/* check options */
3763 	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "li")) != -1) {
3764 		switch (c) {
3765 		case 'l':
3766 			cbdata.longfmt = 1;
3767 			break;
3768 		case 'i':
3769 			cbdata.internal = 1;
3770 			break;
3771 		case '?':
3772 			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
3773 			    optopt);
3774 			usage(B_FALSE);
3775 		}
3776 	}
3777 	argc -= optind;
3778 	argv += optind;
3779 
3780 	ret = for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_FALSE,  NULL, get_history_one,
3781 	    &cbdata);
3782 
3783 	if (argc == 0 && cbdata.first == B_TRUE) {
3784 		(void) printf(gettext("no pools available\n"));
3785 		return (0);
3786 	}
3787 
3788 	return (ret);
3789 }
3790 
3791 static int
3792 get_callback(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
3793 {
3794 	zprop_get_cbdata_t *cbp = (zprop_get_cbdata_t *)data;
3795 	char value[MAXNAMELEN];
3796 	zprop_source_t srctype;
3797 	zprop_list_t *pl;
3798 
3799 	for (pl = cbp->cb_proplist; pl != NULL; pl = pl->pl_next) {
3800 
3801 		/*
3802 		 * Skip the special fake placeholder. This will also skip
3803 		 * over the name property when 'all' is specified.
3804 		 */
3805 		if (pl->pl_prop == ZPOOL_PROP_NAME &&
3806 		    pl == cbp->cb_proplist)
3807 			continue;
3808 
3809 		if (zpool_get_prop(zhp, pl->pl_prop,
3810 		    value, sizeof (value), &srctype) != 0)
3811 			continue;
3812 
3813 		zprop_print_one_property(zpool_get_name(zhp), cbp,
3814 		    zpool_prop_to_name(pl->pl_prop), value, srctype, NULL);
3815 	}
3816 	return (0);
3817 }
3818 
3819 int
3820 zpool_do_get(int argc, char **argv)
3821 {
3822 	zprop_get_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };
3823 	zprop_list_t fake_name = { 0 };
3824 	int ret;
3825 
3826 	if (argc < 3)
3827 		usage(B_FALSE);
3828 
3829 	cb.cb_first = B_TRUE;
3830 	cb.cb_sources = ZPROP_SRC_ALL;
3831 	cb.cb_columns[0] = GET_COL_NAME;
3832 	cb.cb_columns[1] = GET_COL_PROPERTY;
3833 	cb.cb_columns[2] = GET_COL_VALUE;
3834 	cb.cb_columns[3] = GET_COL_SOURCE;
3835 	cb.cb_type = ZFS_TYPE_POOL;
3836 
3837 	if (zprop_get_list(g_zfs, argv[1],  &cb.cb_proplist,
3838 	    ZFS_TYPE_POOL) != 0)
3839 		usage(B_FALSE);
3840 
3841 	if (cb.cb_proplist != NULL) {
3842 		fake_name.pl_prop = ZPOOL_PROP_NAME;
3843 		fake_name.pl_width = strlen(gettext("NAME"));
3844 		fake_name.pl_next = cb.cb_proplist;
3845 		cb.cb_proplist = &fake_name;
3846 	}
3847 
3848 	ret = for_each_pool(argc - 2, argv + 2, B_TRUE, &cb.cb_proplist,
3849 	    get_callback, &cb);
3850 
3851 	if (cb.cb_proplist == &fake_name)
3852 		zprop_free_list(fake_name.pl_next);
3853 	else
3854 		zprop_free_list(cb.cb_proplist);
3855 
3856 	return (ret);
3857 }
3858 
3859 typedef struct set_cbdata {
3860 	char *cb_propname;
3861 	char *cb_value;
3862 	boolean_t cb_any_successful;
3863 } set_cbdata_t;
3864 
3865 int
3866 set_callback(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
3867 {
3868 	int error;
3869 	set_cbdata_t *cb = (set_cbdata_t *)data;
3870 
3871 	error = zpool_set_prop(zhp, cb->cb_propname, cb->cb_value);
3872 
3873 	if (!error)
3874 		cb->cb_any_successful = B_TRUE;
3875 
3876 	return (error);
3877 }
3878 
3879 int
3880 zpool_do_set(int argc, char **argv)
3881 {
3882 	set_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };
3883 	int error;
3884 
3885 	if (argc > 1 && argv[1][0] == '-') {
3886 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
3887 		    argv[1][1]);
3888 		usage(B_FALSE);
3889 	}
3890 
3891 	if (argc < 2) {
3892 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing property=value "
3893 		    "argument\n"));
3894 		usage(B_FALSE);
3895 	}
3896 
3897 	if (argc < 3) {
3898 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name\n"));
3899 		usage(B_FALSE);
3900 	}
3901 
3902 	if (argc > 3) {
3903 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many pool names\n"));
3904 		usage(B_FALSE);
3905 	}
3906 
3907 	cb.cb_propname = argv[1];
3908 	cb.cb_value = strchr(cb.cb_propname, '=');
3909 	if (cb.cb_value == NULL) {
3910 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing value in "
3911 		    "property=value argument\n"));
3912 		usage(B_FALSE);
3913 	}
3914 
3915 	*(cb.cb_value) = '\0';
3916 	cb.cb_value++;
3917 
3918 	error = for_each_pool(argc - 2, argv + 2, B_TRUE, NULL,
3919 	    set_callback, &cb);
3920 
3921 	return (error);
3922 }
3923 
3924 static int
3925 find_command_idx(char *command, int *idx)
3926 {
3927 	int i;
3928 
3929 	for (i = 0; i < NCOMMAND; i++) {
3930 		if (command_table[i].name == NULL)
3931 			continue;
3932 
3933 		if (strcmp(command, command_table[i].name) == 0) {
3934 			*idx = i;
3935 			return (0);
3936 		}
3937 	}
3938 	return (1);
3939 }
3940 
3941 int
3942 main(int argc, char **argv)
3943 {
3944 	int ret;
3945 	int i;
3946 	char *cmdname;
3947 
3948 	(void) setlocale(LC_ALL, "");
3949 	(void) textdomain(TEXT_DOMAIN);
3950 
3951 	if ((g_zfs = libzfs_init()) == NULL) {
3952 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("internal error: failed to "
3953 		    "initialize ZFS library\n"));
3954 		return (1);
3955 	}
3956 
3957 	libzfs_print_on_error(g_zfs, B_TRUE);
3958 
3959 	opterr = 0;
3960 
3961 	/*
3962 	 * Make sure the user has specified some command.
3963 	 */
3964 	if (argc < 2) {
3965 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing command\n"));
3966 		usage(B_FALSE);
3967 	}
3968 
3969 	cmdname = argv[1];
3970 
3971 	/*
3972 	 * Special case '-?'
3973 	 */
3974 	if (strcmp(cmdname, "-?") == 0)
3975 		usage(B_TRUE);
3976 
3977 	zpool_set_history_str("zpool", argc, argv, history_str);
3978 	verify(zpool_stage_history(g_zfs, history_str) == 0);
3979 
3980 	/*
3981 	 * Run the appropriate command.
3982 	 */
3983 	if (find_command_idx(cmdname, &i) == 0) {
3984 		current_command = &command_table[i];
3985 		ret = command_table[i].func(argc - 1, argv + 1);
3986 	} else if (strchr(cmdname, '=')) {
3987 		verify(find_command_idx("set", &i) == 0);
3988 		current_command = &command_table[i];
3989 		ret = command_table[i].func(argc, argv);
3990 	} else if (strcmp(cmdname, "freeze") == 0 && argc == 3) {
3991 		/*
3992 		 * 'freeze' is a vile debugging abomination, so we treat
3993 		 * it as such.
3994 		 */
3995 		char buf[16384];
3996 		int fd = open(ZFS_DEV, O_RDWR);
3997 		(void) strcpy((void *)buf, argv[2]);
3998 		return (!!ioctl(fd, ZFS_IOC_POOL_FREEZE, buf));
3999 	} else {
4000 		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("unrecognized "
4001 		    "command '%s'\n"), cmdname);
4002 		usage(B_FALSE);
4003 	}
4004 
4005 	libzfs_fini(g_zfs);
4006 
4007 	/*
4008 	 * The 'ZFS_ABORT' environment variable causes us to dump core on exit
4009 	 * for the purposes of running ::findleaks.
4010 	 */
4011 	if (getenv("ZFS_ABORT") != NULL) {
4012 		(void) printf("dumping core by request\n");
4013 		abort();
4014 	}
4015 
4016 	return (ret);
4017 }
4018