xref: /illumos-gate/usr/src/cmd/zpool/zpool_main.c (revision 43a48c4a)

/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
 *
 * CDDL HEADER END
 */

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2005, 2010, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2011, 2018 by Delphix. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2012 by Frederik Wessels. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright (c) 2013 by Prasad Joshi (sTec). All rights reserved.
 * Copyright 2016 Igor Kozhukhov <ikozhukhov@gmail.com>.
 * Copyright 2016 Nexenta Systems, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2017 Datto Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2017, Intel Corporation.
 * Copyright (c) 2019, loli10K <ezomori.nozomu@gmail.com>
 * Copyright 2020 Joyent, Inc.
 * Copyright (c) 2012 by Cyril Plisko. All rights reserved.
 * Copyright 2019 OmniOS Community Edition (OmniOSce) Association.
 */

#include <assert.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include <dirent.h>
#include <errno.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <getopt.h>
#include <libgen.h>
#include <libintl.h>
#include <libuutil.h>
#include <locale.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <strings.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <priv.h>
#include <pwd.h>
#include <zone.h>
#include <zfs_prop.h>
#include <sys/fs/zfs.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/debug.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <sys/sysmacros.h>
#include <sys/termios.h>

#include <libzfs.h>
#include <libzutil.h>

#include "zpool_util.h"
#include "zfs_comutil.h"
#include "zfeature_common.h"

#include "statcommon.h"

libzfs_handle_t *g_zfs;

static int zpool_do_create(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_destroy(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_add(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_remove(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_labelclear(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_checkpoint(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_list(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_iostat(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_status(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_online(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_offline(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_clear(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_reopen(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_reguid(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_attach(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_detach(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_replace(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_split(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_initialize(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_scrub(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_resilver(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_trim(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_import(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_export(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_upgrade(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_history(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_get(int, char **);
static int zpool_do_set(int, char **);

static int zpool_do_sync(int, char **);

/*
 * These libumem hooks provide a reasonable set of defaults for the allocator's
 * debugging facilities.
 */

#ifdef DEBUG
const char *
_umem_debug_init(void)
{
	return ("default,verbose"); /* $UMEM_DEBUG setting */
}

const char *
_umem_logging_init(void)
{
	return ("fail,contents"); /* $UMEM_LOGGING setting */
}
#endif

typedef enum {
	HELP_ADD,
	HELP_ATTACH,
	HELP_CLEAR,
	HELP_CREATE,
	HELP_CHECKPOINT,
	HELP_DESTROY,
	HELP_DETACH,
	HELP_EXPORT,
	HELP_HISTORY,
	HELP_IMPORT,
	HELP_IOSTAT,
	HELP_LABELCLEAR,
	HELP_LIST,
	HELP_OFFLINE,
	HELP_ONLINE,
	HELP_REPLACE,
	HELP_REMOVE,
	HELP_INITIALIZE,
	HELP_SCRUB,
	HELP_RESILVER,
	HELP_TRIM,
	HELP_STATUS,
	HELP_UPGRADE,
	HELP_GET,
	HELP_SET,
	HELP_SPLIT,
	HELP_SYNC,
	HELP_REGUID,
	HELP_REOPEN
} zpool_help_t;


/*
 * Flags for stats to display with "zpool iostats"
 */
enum iostat_type {
	IOS_DEFAULT = 0,
	IOS_LATENCY = 1,
	IOS_QUEUES = 2,
	IOS_L_HISTO = 3,
	IOS_RQ_HISTO = 4,
	IOS_COUNT,	/* always last element */
};

/* iostat_type entries as bitmasks */
#define	IOS_DEFAULT_M	(1ULL << IOS_DEFAULT)
#define	IOS_LATENCY_M	(1ULL << IOS_LATENCY)
#define	IOS_QUEUES_M	(1ULL << IOS_QUEUES)
#define	IOS_L_HISTO_M	(1ULL << IOS_L_HISTO)
#define	IOS_RQ_HISTO_M	(1ULL << IOS_RQ_HISTO)

/* Mask of all the histo bits */
#define	IOS_ANYHISTO_M (IOS_L_HISTO_M | IOS_RQ_HISTO_M)

/*
 * Lookup table for iostat flags to nvlist names.  Basically a list
 * of all the nvlists a flag requires.  Also specifies the order in
 * which data gets printed in zpool iostat.
 */
static const char *vsx_type_to_nvlist[IOS_COUNT][13] = {
	[IOS_L_HISTO] = {
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TOT_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TOT_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_DISK_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_DISK_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SCRUB_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TRIM_LAT_HISTO,
	    NULL},
	[IOS_LATENCY] = {
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TOT_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TOT_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_DISK_R_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_DISK_W_LAT_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TRIM_LAT_HISTO,
	    NULL},
	[IOS_QUEUES] = {
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_R_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_W_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_R_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_W_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SCRUB_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TRIM_ACTIVE_QUEUE,
	    NULL},
	[IOS_RQ_HISTO] = {
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_IND_R_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_AGG_R_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_IND_W_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_SYNC_AGG_W_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_IND_R_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_AGG_R_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_IND_W_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_ASYNC_AGG_W_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_IND_SCRUB_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_AGG_SCRUB_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_IND_TRIM_HISTO,
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_AGG_TRIM_HISTO,
	    NULL},
};


/*
 * Given a cb->cb_flags with a histogram bit set, return the iostat_type.
 * Right now, only one histo bit is ever set at one time, so we can
 * just do a highbit64(a)
 */
#define	IOS_HISTO_IDX(a)	(highbit64(a & IOS_ANYHISTO_M) - 1)

typedef struct zpool_command {
	const char	*name;
	int		(*func)(int, char **);
	zpool_help_t	usage;
} zpool_command_t;

/*
 * Master command table.  Each ZFS command has a name, associated function, and
 * usage message.  The usage messages need to be internationalized, so we have
 * to have a function to return the usage message based on a command index.
 *
 * These commands are organized according to how they are displayed in the usage
 * message.  An empty command (one with a NULL name) indicates an empty line in
 * the generic usage message.
 */
static zpool_command_t command_table[] = {
	{ "create",	zpool_do_create,	HELP_CREATE		},
	{ "destroy",	zpool_do_destroy,	HELP_DESTROY		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "add",	zpool_do_add,		HELP_ADD		},
	{ "remove",	zpool_do_remove,	HELP_REMOVE		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "labelclear",	zpool_do_labelclear,	HELP_LABELCLEAR		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "checkpoint",	zpool_do_checkpoint,	HELP_CHECKPOINT		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "list",	zpool_do_list,		HELP_LIST		},
	{ "iostat",	zpool_do_iostat,	HELP_IOSTAT		},
	{ "status",	zpool_do_status,	HELP_STATUS		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "online",	zpool_do_online,	HELP_ONLINE		},
	{ "offline",	zpool_do_offline,	HELP_OFFLINE		},
	{ "clear",	zpool_do_clear,		HELP_CLEAR		},
	{ "reopen",	zpool_do_reopen,	HELP_REOPEN		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "attach",	zpool_do_attach,	HELP_ATTACH		},
	{ "detach",	zpool_do_detach,	HELP_DETACH		},
	{ "replace",	zpool_do_replace,	HELP_REPLACE		},
	{ "split",	zpool_do_split,		HELP_SPLIT		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "initialize",	zpool_do_initialize,	HELP_INITIALIZE		},
	{ "resilver",	zpool_do_resilver,	HELP_RESILVER		},
	{ "scrub",	zpool_do_scrub,		HELP_SCRUB		},
	{ "trim",	zpool_do_trim,		HELP_TRIM		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "import",	zpool_do_import,	HELP_IMPORT		},
	{ "export",	zpool_do_export,	HELP_EXPORT		},
	{ "upgrade",	zpool_do_upgrade,	HELP_UPGRADE		},
	{ "reguid",	zpool_do_reguid,	HELP_REGUID		},
	{ NULL },
	{ "history",	zpool_do_history,	HELP_HISTORY		},
	{ "get",	zpool_do_get,		HELP_GET		},
	{ "set",	zpool_do_set,		HELP_SET		},
	{ "sync",	zpool_do_sync,		HELP_SYNC		},
};

#define	NCOMMAND	(ARRAY_SIZE(command_table))

#define	VDEV_ALLOC_CLASS_LOGS	"logs"

static zpool_command_t *current_command;
static char history_str[HIS_MAX_RECORD_LEN];
static boolean_t log_history = B_TRUE;
static uint_t timestamp_fmt = NODATE;

static const char *
get_usage(zpool_help_t idx)
{
	switch (idx) {
	case HELP_ADD:
		return (gettext("\tadd [-fgLnP] [-o property=value] "
		    "<pool> <vdev> ...\n"));
	case HELP_ATTACH:
		return (gettext("\tattach [-f] [-o property=value] "
		    "<pool> <device> <new-device>\n"));
	case HELP_CLEAR:
		return (gettext("\tclear [-nF] <pool> [device]\n"));
	case HELP_CREATE:
		return (gettext("\tcreate [-fnd] [-B] "
		    "[-o property=value] ... \n"
		    "\t    [-O file-system-property=value] ...\n"
		    "\t    [-m mountpoint] [-R root] [-t tempname] "
		    "<pool> <vdev> ...\n"));
	case HELP_CHECKPOINT:
		return (gettext("\tcheckpoint [--discard] <pool> ...\n"));
	case HELP_DESTROY:
		return (gettext("\tdestroy [-f] <pool>\n"));
	case HELP_DETACH:
		return (gettext("\tdetach <pool> <device>\n"));
	case HELP_EXPORT:
		return (gettext("\texport [-f] <pool> ...\n"));
	case HELP_HISTORY:
		return (gettext("\thistory [-il] [<pool>] ...\n"));
	case HELP_IMPORT:
		return (gettext("\timport [-d dir] [-D]\n"
		    "\timport [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-F [-n]] [-l] "
		    "<pool | id>\n"
		    "\timport [-o mntopts] [-o property=value] ... \n"
		    "\t    [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-D] [-l] [-f] [-m] [-N] "
		    "[-R root] [-F [-n]] -a\n"
		    "\timport [-o mntopts] [-o property=value] ... \n"
		    "\t    [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-D] [-l] [-f] [-m] [-N] "
		    "[-R root] [-F [-n]] [-t]\n"
		    "\t    [--rewind-to-checkpoint] <pool | id> [newpool]\n"));
	case HELP_IOSTAT:
		return (gettext("\tiostat "
		    "[[-lq]|[-rw]] [-T d | u] [-ghHLpPvy]\n"
		    "\t    [[pool] ...]|[pool vdev ...]|[vdev ...]]"
		    " [[-n] interval [count]]\n"));
	case HELP_LABELCLEAR:
		return (gettext("\tlabelclear [-f] <vdev>\n"));
	case HELP_LIST:
		return (gettext("\tlist [-gHLpPv] [-o property[,...]] "
		    "[-T d|u] [pool] ... [interval [count]]\n"));
	case HELP_OFFLINE:
		return (gettext("\toffline [-t] <pool> <device> ...\n"));
	case HELP_ONLINE:
		return (gettext("\tonline <pool> <device> ...\n"));
	case HELP_REPLACE:
		return (gettext("\treplace [-f] <pool> <device> "
		    "[new-device]\n"));
	case HELP_REMOVE:
		return (gettext("\tremove [-nps] <pool> <device> ...\n"));
	case HELP_REOPEN:
		return (gettext("\treopen <pool>\n"));
	case HELP_INITIALIZE:
		return (gettext("\tinitialize [-c | -s] <pool> "
		    "[<device> ...]\n"));
	case HELP_SCRUB:
		return (gettext("\tscrub [-s | -p] <pool> ...\n"));
	case HELP_RESILVER:
		return (gettext("\tresilver <pool> ...\n"));
	case HELP_TRIM:
		return (gettext("\ttrim [-d] [-r <rate>] [-c | -s] <pool> "
		    "[<device> ...]\n"));
	case HELP_STATUS:
		return (gettext("\tstatus "
		    "[-igLpPsvxD] [-T d|u] [pool] ... "
		    "[interval [count]]\n"));
	case HELP_UPGRADE:
		return (gettext("\tupgrade\n"
		    "\tupgrade -v\n"
		    "\tupgrade [-V version] <-a | pool ...>\n"));
	case HELP_GET:
		return (gettext("\tget [-Hp] [-o \"all\" | field[,...]] "
		    "<\"all\" | property[,...]> <pool> ...\n"));
	case HELP_SET:
		return (gettext("\tset <property=value> <pool> \n"));
	case HELP_SPLIT:
		return (gettext("\tsplit [-gLlnP] [-R altroot] [-o mntopts]\n"
		    "\t    [-o property=value] <pool> <newpool> "
		    "[<device> ...]\n"));
	case HELP_REGUID:
		return (gettext("\treguid <pool>\n"));
	case HELP_SYNC:
		return (gettext("\tsync [pool] ...\n"));
	}

	abort();
	/* NOTREACHED */
}

static void
zpool_collect_leaves(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t *nvroot, nvlist_t *res)
{
	uint_t children = 0;
	nvlist_t **child;
	uint_t i;

	(void) nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children);

	if (children == 0) {
		char *path = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, nvroot, 0);

		if (strcmp(path, VDEV_TYPE_INDIRECT) != 0)
			fnvlist_add_boolean(res, path);

		free(path);
		return;
	}

	for (i = 0; i < children; i++) {
		zpool_collect_leaves(zhp, child[i], res);
	}
}

/*
 * Callback routine that will print out a pool property value.
 */
static int
print_prop_cb(int prop, void *cb)
{
	FILE *fp = cb;

	(void) fprintf(fp, "\t%-19s  ", zpool_prop_to_name(prop));

	if (zpool_prop_readonly(prop))
		(void) fprintf(fp, "  NO   ");
	else
		(void) fprintf(fp, " YES   ");

	if (zpool_prop_values(prop) == NULL)
		(void) fprintf(fp, "-\n");
	else
		(void) fprintf(fp, "%s\n", zpool_prop_values(prop));

	return (ZPROP_CONT);
}

/*
 * Display usage message.  If we're inside a command, display only the usage for
 * that command.  Otherwise, iterate over the entire command table and display
 * a complete usage message.
 */
void
usage(boolean_t requested)
{
	FILE *fp = requested ? stdout : stderr;

	if (current_command == NULL) {
		int i;

		(void) fprintf(fp, gettext("usage: zpool command args ...\n"));
		(void) fprintf(fp,
		    gettext("where 'command' is one of the following:\n\n"));

		for (i = 0; i < NCOMMAND; i++) {
			if (command_table[i].name == NULL)
				(void) fprintf(fp, "\n");
			else
				(void) fprintf(fp, "%s",
				    get_usage(command_table[i].usage));
		}
	} else {
		(void) fprintf(fp, gettext("usage:\n"));
		(void) fprintf(fp, "%s", get_usage(current_command->usage));
	}

	if (current_command != NULL &&
	    ((strcmp(current_command->name, "set") == 0) ||
	    (strcmp(current_command->name, "get") == 0) ||
	    (strcmp(current_command->name, "list") == 0))) {

		(void) fprintf(fp,
		    gettext("\nthe following properties are supported:\n"));

		(void) fprintf(fp, "\n\t%-19s  %s   %s\n\n",
		    "PROPERTY", "EDIT", "VALUES");

		/* Iterate over all properties */
		(void) zprop_iter(print_prop_cb, fp, B_FALSE, B_TRUE,
		    ZFS_TYPE_POOL);

		(void) fprintf(fp, "\t%-19s   ", "feature@...");
		(void) fprintf(fp, "YES   disabled | enabled | active\n");

		(void) fprintf(fp, gettext("\nThe feature@ properties must be "
		    "appended with a feature name.\nSee zpool-features(5).\n"));
	}

	/*
	 * See comments at end of main().
	 */
	if (getenv("ZFS_ABORT") != NULL) {
		(void) printf("dumping core by request\n");
		abort();
	}

	exit(requested ? 0 : 2);
}

/*
 * print a pool vdev config for dry runs
 */
static void
print_vdev_tree(zpool_handle_t *zhp, const char *name, nvlist_t *nv, int indent,
    const char *match, int name_flags)
{
	nvlist_t **child;
	uint_t c, children;
	char *vname;
	boolean_t printed = B_FALSE;

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children) != 0) {
		if (name != NULL)
			(void) printf("\t%*s%s\n", indent, "", name);
		return;
	}

	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
		char *class = "";

		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
		    &is_log);
		if (is_log)
			class = VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_LOG;
		(void) nvlist_lookup_string(child[c],
		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_ALLOCATION_BIAS, &class);
		if (strcmp(match, class) != 0)
			continue;

		if (!printed && name != NULL) {
			(void) printf("\t%*s%s\n", indent, "", name);
			printed = B_TRUE;
		}
		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c], name_flags);
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, vname, child[c], indent + 2, "",
		    name_flags);
		free(vname);
	}
}

static boolean_t
prop_list_contains_feature(nvlist_t *proplist)
{
	nvpair_t *nvp;
	for (nvp = nvlist_next_nvpair(proplist, NULL); NULL != nvp;
	    nvp = nvlist_next_nvpair(proplist, nvp)) {
		if (zpool_prop_feature(nvpair_name(nvp)))
			return (B_TRUE);
	}
	return (B_FALSE);
}

/*
 * Add a property pair (name, string-value) into a property nvlist.
 */
static int
add_prop_list(const char *propname, char *propval, nvlist_t **props,
    boolean_t poolprop)
{
	zpool_prop_t prop = ZPOOL_PROP_INVAL;
	zfs_prop_t fprop;
	nvlist_t *proplist;
	const char *normnm;
	char *strval;

	if (*props == NULL &&
	    nvlist_alloc(props, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("internal error: out of memory\n"));
		return (1);
	}

	proplist = *props;

	if (poolprop) {
		const char *vname = zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION);

		if ((prop = zpool_name_to_prop(propname)) == ZPOOL_PROP_INVAL &&
		    !zpool_prop_feature(propname)) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("property '%s' is "
			    "not a valid pool property\n"), propname);
			return (2);
		}

		/*
		 * feature@ properties and version should not be specified
		 * at the same time.
		 */
		if ((prop == ZPOOL_PROP_INVAL && zpool_prop_feature(propname) &&
		    nvlist_exists(proplist, vname)) ||
		    (prop == ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION &&
		    prop_list_contains_feature(proplist))) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("'feature@' and "
			    "'version' properties cannot be specified "
			    "together\n"));
			return (2);
		}


		if (zpool_prop_feature(propname))
			normnm = propname;
		else
			normnm = zpool_prop_to_name(prop);
	} else {
		if ((fprop = zfs_name_to_prop(propname)) != ZPROP_INVAL) {
			normnm = zfs_prop_to_name(fprop);
		} else {
			normnm = propname;
		}
	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_string(proplist, normnm, &strval) == 0 &&
	    prop != ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("property '%s' "
		    "specified multiple times\n"), propname);
		return (2);
	}

	if (nvlist_add_string(proplist, normnm, propval) != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("internal "
		    "error: out of memory\n"));
		return (1);
	}

	return (0);
}

/*
 * Set a default property pair (name, string-value) in a property nvlist
 */
static int
add_prop_list_default(const char *propname, char *propval, nvlist_t **props,
    boolean_t poolprop)
{
	char *pval;

	if (nvlist_lookup_string(*props, propname, &pval) == 0)
		return (0);

	return (add_prop_list(propname, propval, props, poolprop));
}

/*
 * zpool add [-fgLnP] [-o property=value] <pool> <vdev> ...
 *
 *	-f	Force addition of devices, even if they appear in use
 *	-g	Display guid for individual vdev name.
 *	-L	Follow links when resolving vdev path name.
 *	-n	Do not add the devices, but display the resulting layout if
 *		they were to be added.
 *	-P	Display full path for vdev name.
 *	-o	Set property=value.
 *
 * Adds the given vdevs to 'pool'.  As with create, the bulk of this work is
 * handled by get_vdev_spec(), which constructs the nvlist needed to pass to
 * libzfs.
 */
int
zpool_do_add(int argc, char **argv)
{
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t dryrun = B_FALSE;
	int name_flags = 0;
	int c;
	nvlist_t *nvroot;
	char *poolname;
	zpool_boot_label_t boot_type;
	uint64_t boot_size;
	int ret;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	nvlist_t *config;
	nvlist_t *props = NULL;
	char *propval;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fgLnPo:")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'g':
			name_flags |= VDEV_NAME_GUID;
			break;
		case 'L':
			name_flags |= VDEV_NAME_FOLLOW_LINKS;
			break;
		case 'n':
			dryrun = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'P':
			name_flags |= VDEV_NAME_PATH;
			break;
		case 'o':
			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) == NULL) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing "
				    "'=' for -o option\n"));
				usage(B_FALSE);
			}
			*propval = '\0';
			propval++;

			if ((strcmp(optarg, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT) != 0) ||
			    (add_prop_list(optarg, propval, &props, B_TRUE)))
				usage(B_FALSE);
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}
	if (argc < 2) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing vdev specification\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	poolname = argv[0];

	argc--;
	argv++;

	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
		return (1);

	if ((config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL)) == NULL) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("pool '%s' is unavailable\n"),
		    poolname);
		zpool_close(zhp);
		return (1);
	}

	if (zpool_is_bootable(zhp))
		boot_type = ZPOOL_COPY_BOOT_LABEL;
	else
		boot_type = ZPOOL_NO_BOOT_LABEL;

	/* unless manually specified use "ashift" pool property (if set) */
	if (!nvlist_exists(props, ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT)) {
		int intval;
		zprop_source_t src;
		char strval[ZPOOL_MAXPROPLEN];

		intval = zpool_get_prop_int(zhp, ZPOOL_PROP_ASHIFT, &src);
		if (src != ZPROP_SRC_DEFAULT) {
			(void) sprintf(strval, "%" PRId32, intval);
			verify(add_prop_list(ZPOOL_CONFIG_ASHIFT, strval,
			    &props, B_TRUE) == 0);
		}
	}

	/* pass off to get_vdev_spec for processing */
	boot_size = zpool_get_prop_int(zhp, ZPOOL_PROP_BOOTSIZE, NULL);
	nvroot = make_root_vdev(zhp, props, force, !force, B_FALSE, dryrun,
	    boot_type, boot_size, argc, argv);
	if (nvroot == NULL) {
		zpool_close(zhp);
		return (1);
	}

	if (dryrun) {
		nvlist_t *poolnvroot;

		verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
		    &poolnvroot) == 0);

		(void) printf(gettext("would update '%s' to the following "
		    "configuration:\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));

		/* print original main pool and new tree */
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, poolname, poolnvroot, 0, "",
		    name_flags | VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, "", name_flags);

		/* print other classes: 'dedup', 'special', and 'log' */
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, "dedup", poolnvroot, 0,
		    VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_DEDUP, name_flags);
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_DEDUP,
		    name_flags);

		print_vdev_tree(zhp, "special", poolnvroot, 0,
		    VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_SPECIAL, name_flags);
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_SPECIAL,
		    name_flags);

		print_vdev_tree(zhp, "logs", poolnvroot, 0, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_LOG,
		    name_flags);
		print_vdev_tree(zhp, NULL, nvroot, 0, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_LOG,
		    name_flags);

		ret = 0;
	} else {
		ret = (zpool_add(zhp, nvroot) != 0);
	}

	nvlist_free(props);
	nvlist_free(nvroot);
	zpool_close(zhp);

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * zpool remove  <pool> <vdev> ...
 *
 * Removes the given vdev from the pool.
 */
int
zpool_do_remove(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char *poolname;
	int i, ret = 0;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	boolean_t stop = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t noop = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t parsable = B_FALSE;
	char c;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "nps")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'n':
			noop = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'p':
			parsable = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 's':
			stop = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	poolname = argv[0];

	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, poolname)) == NULL)
		return (1);

	if (stop && noop) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("stop request ignored\n"));
		return (0);
	}

	if (stop) {
		if (argc > 1) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
		if (zpool_vdev_remove_cancel(zhp) != 0)
			ret = 1;
	} else {
		if (argc < 2) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing device\n"));
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}

		for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
			if (noop) {
				uint64_t size;

				if (zpool_vdev_indirect_size(zhp, argv[i],
				    &size) != 0) {
					ret = 1;
					break;
				}
				if (parsable) {
					(void) printf("%s %llu\n",
					    argv[i], size);
				} else {
					char valstr[32];
					zfs_nicenum(size, valstr,
					    sizeof (valstr));
					(void) printf("Memory that will be "
					    "used after removing %s: %s\n",
					    argv[i], valstr);
				}
			} else {
				if (zpool_vdev_remove(zhp, argv[i]) != 0)
					ret = 1;
			}
		}
	}

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * zpool labelclear [-f] <vdev>
 *
 *	-f	Force clearing the label for the vdevs which are members of
 *		the exported or foreign pools.
 *
 * Verifies that the vdev is not active and zeros out the label information
 * on the device.
 */
int
zpool_do_labelclear(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char vdev[MAXPATHLEN];
	char *name = NULL;
	struct stat st;
	int c, fd, ret = 0;
	nvlist_t *config;
	pool_state_t state;
	boolean_t inuse = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		default:
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* get vdev name */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing vdev name\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}
	if (argc > 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	/*
	 * Check if we were given absolute path and use it as is.
	 * Otherwise if the provided vdev name doesn't point to a file,
	 * try prepending dsk path and appending s0.
	 */
	(void) strlcpy(vdev, argv[0], sizeof (vdev));
	if (vdev[0] != '/' && stat(vdev, &st) != 0) {
		char *s;

		(void) snprintf(vdev, sizeof (vdev), "%s/%s",
		    ZFS_DISK_ROOT, argv[0]);
		if ((s = strrchr(argv[0], 's')) == NULL ||
		    !isdigit(*(s + 1)))
			(void) strlcat(vdev, "s0", sizeof (vdev));
		if (stat(vdev, &st) != 0) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
			    "failed to find device %s, try specifying absolute "
			    "path instead\n"), argv[0]);
			return (1);
		}
	}

	if ((fd = open(vdev, O_RDWR)) < 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("failed to open %s: %s\n"),
		    vdev, strerror(errno));
		return (1);
	}

	if (zpool_read_label(fd, &config, NULL) != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("failed to read label from %s\n"), vdev);
		return (1);
	}
	nvlist_free(config);

	ret = zpool_in_use(g_zfs, fd, &state, &name, &inuse);
	if (ret != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("failed to check state for %s\n"), vdev);
		return (1);
	}

	if (!inuse)
		goto wipe_label;

	switch (state) {
	default:
	case POOL_STATE_ACTIVE:
	case POOL_STATE_SPARE:
	case POOL_STATE_L2CACHE:
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
		    "%s is a member (%s) of pool \"%s\"\n"),
		    vdev, zpool_pool_state_to_name(state), name);
		ret = 1;
		goto errout;

	case POOL_STATE_EXPORTED:
		if (force)
			break;
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
		    "use '-f' to override the following error:\n"
		    "%s is a member of exported pool \"%s\"\n"),
		    vdev, name);
		ret = 1;
		goto errout;

	case POOL_STATE_POTENTIALLY_ACTIVE:
		if (force)
			break;
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
		    "use '-f' to override the following error:\n"
		    "%s is a member of potentially active pool \"%s\"\n"),
		    vdev, name);
		ret = 1;
		goto errout;

	case POOL_STATE_DESTROYED:
		/* inuse should never be set for a destroyed pool */
		assert(0);
		break;
	}

wipe_label:
	ret = zpool_clear_label(fd);
	if (ret != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("failed to clear label for %s\n"), vdev);
	}

errout:
	free(name);
	(void) close(fd);

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * zpool create [-fnd] [-B] [-o property=value] ...
 *		[-O file-system-property=value] ...
 *		[-R root] [-m mountpoint] [-t tempname] <pool> <dev> ...
 *
 *	-B	Create boot partition.
 *	-f	Force creation, even if devices appear in use
 *	-n	Do not create the pool, but display the resulting layout if it
 *		were to be created.
 *	-R	Create a pool under an alternate root
 *	-m	Set default mountpoint for the root dataset.  By default it's
 *		'/<pool>'
 *	-t	Use the temporary name until the pool is exported.
 *	-o	Set property=value.
 *	-o	Set feature@feature=enabled|disabled.
 *	-d	Don't automatically enable all supported pool features
 *		(individual features can be enabled with -o).
 *	-O	Set fsproperty=value in the pool's root file system
 *
 * Creates the named pool according to the given vdev specification.  The
 * bulk of the vdev processing is done in get_vdev_spec() in zpool_vdev.c.  Once
 * we get the nvlist back from get_vdev_spec(), we either print out the contents
 * (if '-n' was specified), or pass it to libzfs to do the creation.
 */

#define	SYSTEM256	(256 * 1024 * 1024)
int
zpool_do_create(int argc, char **argv)
{
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t dryrun = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t enable_all_pool_feat = B_TRUE;
	zpool_boot_label_t boot_type = ZPOOL_NO_BOOT_LABEL;
	uint64_t boot_size = 0;
	int c;
	nvlist_t *nvroot = NULL;
	char *poolname;
	char *tname = NULL;
	int ret = 1;
	char *altroot = NULL;
	char *mountpoint = NULL;
	nvlist_t *fsprops = NULL;
	nvlist_t *props = NULL;
	char *propval;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, ":fndBR:m:o:O:t:")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'n':
			dryrun = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'd':
			enable_all_pool_feat = B_FALSE;
			break;
		case 'B':
			/*
			 * We should create the system partition.
			 * Also make sure the size is set.
			 */
			boot_type = ZPOOL_CREATE_BOOT_LABEL;
			if (boot_size == 0)
				boot_size = SYSTEM256;
			break;
		case 'R':
			altroot = optarg;
			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_ALTROOT), optarg, &props, B_TRUE))
				goto errout;
			if (add_prop_list_default(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
				goto errout;
			break;
		case 'm':
			/* Equivalent to -O mountpoint=optarg */
			mountpoint = optarg;
			break;
		case 'o':
			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) == NULL) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing "
				    "'=' for -o option\n"));
				goto errout;
			}
			*propval = '\0';
			propval++;

			if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval, &props, B_TRUE))
				goto errout;

			/*
			 * Get bootsize value for make_root_vdev().
			 */
			if (zpool_name_to_prop(optarg) == ZPOOL_PROP_BOOTSIZE) {
				if (zfs_nicestrtonum(g_zfs, propval,
				    &boot_size) < 0 || boot_size == 0) {
					(void) fprintf(stderr,
					    gettext("bad boot partition size "
					    "'%s': %s\n"),  propval,
					    libzfs_error_description(g_zfs));
					goto errout;
				}
			}

			/*
			 * If the user is creating a pool that doesn't support
			 * feature flags, don't enable any features.
			 */
			if (zpool_name_to_prop(optarg) == ZPOOL_PROP_VERSION) {
				char *end;
				u_longlong_t ver;

				ver = strtoull(propval, &end, 10);
				if (*end == '\0' &&
				    ver < SPA_VERSION_FEATURES) {
					enable_all_pool_feat = B_FALSE;
				}
			}
			if (zpool_name_to_prop(optarg) == ZPOOL_PROP_ALTROOT)
				altroot = propval;
			break;
		case 'O':
			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) == NULL) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing "
				    "'=' for -O option\n"));
				goto errout;
			}
			*propval = '\0';
			propval++;

			/*
			 * Mountpoints are checked and then added later.
			 * Uniquely among properties, they can be specified
			 * more than once, to avoid conflict with -m.
			 */
			if (0 == strcmp(optarg,
			    zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_MOUNTPOINT))) {
				mountpoint = propval;
			} else if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval, &fsprops,
			    B_FALSE)) {
				goto errout;
			}
			break;
		case 't':
			/*
			 * Sanity check temporary pool name.
			 */
			if (strchr(optarg, '/') != NULL) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot create "
				    "'%s': invalid character '/' in temporary "
				    "name\n"), optarg);
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use 'zfs "
				    "create' to create a dataset\n"));
				goto errout;
			}

			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_TNAME), optarg, &props, B_TRUE))
				goto errout;
			if (add_prop_list_default(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
				goto errout;
			tname = optarg;
			break;
		case ':':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
			goto badusage;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			goto badusage;
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* get pool name and check number of arguments */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool name argument\n"));
		goto badusage;
	}
	if (argc < 2) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing vdev specification\n"));
		goto badusage;
	}

	poolname = argv[0];

	/*
	 * As a special case, check for use of '/' in the name, and direct the
	 * user to use 'zfs create' instead.
	 */
	if (strchr(poolname, '/') != NULL) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot create '%s': invalid "
		    "character '/' in pool name\n"), poolname);
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use 'zfs create' to "
		    "create a dataset\n"));
		goto errout;
	}

	/*
	 * Make sure the bootsize is set when ZPOOL_CREATE_BOOT_LABEL is used,
	 * and not set otherwise.
	 */
	if (boot_type == ZPOOL_CREATE_BOOT_LABEL) {
		const char *propname;
		char *strptr, *buf = NULL;
		int rv;

		propname = zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_BOOTSIZE);
		if (nvlist_lookup_string(props, propname, &strptr) != 0) {
			(void) asprintf(&buf, "%" PRIu64, boot_size);
			if (buf == NULL) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr,
				    gettext("internal error: out of memory\n"));
				goto errout;
			}
			rv = add_prop_list(propname, buf, &props, B_TRUE);
			free(buf);
			if (rv != 0)
				goto errout;
		}
	} else {
		const char *propname;
		char *strptr;

		propname = zpool_prop_to_name(ZPOOL_PROP_BOOTSIZE);
		if (nvlist_lookup_string(props, propname, &strptr) == 0) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("error: setting boot "
			    "partition size requires option '-B'\n"));
			goto errout;
		}
	}

	/* pass off to get_vdev_spec for bulk processing */
	nvroot = make_root_vdev(NULL, props, force, !force, B_FALSE, dryrun,
	    boot_type, boot_size, argc - 1, argv + 1);
	if (nvroot == NULL)
		goto errout;

	/* make_root_vdev() allows 0 toplevel children if there are spares */
	if (!zfs_allocatable_devs(nvroot)) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid vdev "
		    "specification: at least one toplevel vdev must be "
		    "specified\n"));
		goto errout;
	}

	if (altroot != NULL && altroot[0] != '/') {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid alternate root '%s': "
		    "must be an absolute path\n"), altroot);
		goto errout;
	}

	/*
	 * Check the validity of the mountpoint and direct the user to use the
	 * '-m' mountpoint option if it looks like its in use.
	 */
	if (mountpoint == NULL ||
	    (strcmp(mountpoint, ZFS_MOUNTPOINT_LEGACY) != 0 &&
	    strcmp(mountpoint, ZFS_MOUNTPOINT_NONE) != 0)) {
		char buf[MAXPATHLEN];
		DIR *dirp;

		if (mountpoint && mountpoint[0] != '/') {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid mountpoint "
			    "'%s': must be an absolute path, 'legacy', or "
			    "'none'\n"), mountpoint);
			goto errout;
		}

		if (mountpoint == NULL) {
			if (altroot != NULL)
				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s/%s",
				    altroot, poolname);
			else
				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "/%s",
				    poolname);
		} else {
			if (altroot != NULL)
				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s%s",
				    altroot, mountpoint);
			else
				(void) snprintf(buf, sizeof (buf), "%s",
				    mountpoint);
		}

		if ((dirp = opendir(buf)) == NULL && errno != ENOENT) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("mountpoint '%s' : "
			    "%s\n"), buf, strerror(errno));
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-m' "
			    "option to provide a different default\n"));
			goto errout;
		} else if (dirp) {
			int count = 0;

			while (count < 3 && readdir(dirp) != NULL)
				count++;
			(void) closedir(dirp);

			if (count > 2) {
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("mountpoint "
				    "'%s' exists and is not empty\n"), buf);
				(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use '-m' "
				    "option to provide a "
				    "different default\n"));
				goto errout;
			}
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Now that the mountpoint's validity has been checked, ensure that
	 * the property is set appropriately prior to creating the pool.
	 */
	if (mountpoint != NULL) {
		ret = add_prop_list(zfs_prop_to_name(ZFS_PROP_MOUNTPOINT),
		    mountpoint, &fsprops, B_FALSE);
		if (ret != 0)
			goto errout;
	}

	ret = 1;
	if (dryrun) {
		/*
		 * For a dry run invocation, print out a basic message and run
		 * through all the vdevs in the list and print out in an
		 * appropriate hierarchy.
		 */
		(void) printf(gettext("would create '%s' with the "
		    "following layout:\n\n"), poolname);

		print_vdev_tree(NULL, poolname, nvroot, 0, "", 0);
		print_vdev_tree(NULL, "dedup", nvroot, 0,
		    VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_DEDUP, 0);
		print_vdev_tree(NULL, "special", nvroot, 0,
		    VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_SPECIAL, 0);
		print_vdev_tree(NULL, "logs", nvroot, 0,
		    VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_LOG, 0);

		ret = 0;
	} else {
		/*
		 * Hand off to libzfs.
		 */

		spa_feature_t i;
		for (i = 0; i < SPA_FEATURES; i++) {
			char propname[MAXPATHLEN];
			char *propval;
			zfeature_info_t *feat = &spa_feature_table[i];
			(void) snprintf(propname, sizeof (propname),
			    "feature@%s", feat->fi_uname);

			/*
			 * Only features contained in props will be enabled:
			 * remove from the nvlist every ZFS_FEATURE_DISABLED
			 * value and add every missing ZFS_FEATURE_ENABLED if
			 * enable_all_pool_feat is set.
			 */
			if (!nvlist_lookup_string(props, propname, &propval)) {
				if (strcmp(propval, ZFS_FEATURE_DISABLED) == 0)
					(void) nvlist_remove_all(props,
					    propname);
			} else if (enable_all_pool_feat) {
				ret = add_prop_list(propname,
				    ZFS_FEATURE_ENABLED, &props, B_TRUE);
				if (ret != 0)
					goto errout;
			}
		}

		ret = 1;
		if (zpool_create(g_zfs, poolname,
		    nvroot, props, fsprops) == 0) {
			zfs_handle_t *pool = zfs_open(g_zfs,
			    tname ? tname : poolname, ZFS_TYPE_FILESYSTEM);
			if (pool != NULL) {
				if (zfs_mount(pool, NULL, 0) == 0)
					ret = zfs_shareall(pool);
				zfs_close(pool);
			}
		} else if (libzfs_errno(g_zfs) == EZFS_INVALIDNAME) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("pool name may have "
			    "been omitted\n"));
		}
	}

errout:
	nvlist_free(nvroot);
	nvlist_free(fsprops);
	nvlist_free(props);
	return (ret);
badusage:
	nvlist_free(fsprops);
	nvlist_free(props);
	usage(B_FALSE);
	return (2);
}

/*
 * zpool destroy <pool>
 *
 *	-f	Forcefully unmount any datasets
 *
 * Destroy the given pool.  Automatically unmounts any datasets in the pool.
 */
int
zpool_do_destroy(int argc, char **argv)
{
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
	int c;
	char *pool;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	int ret;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* check arguments */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool argument\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}
	if (argc > 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	pool = argv[0];

	if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, pool)) == NULL) {
		/*
		 * As a special case, check for use of '/' in the name, and
		 * direct the user to use 'zfs destroy' instead.
		 */
		if (strchr(pool, '/') != NULL)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use 'zfs destroy' to "
			    "destroy a dataset\n"));
		return (1);
	}

	if (zpool_disable_datasets(zhp, force) != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("could not destroy '%s': "
		    "could not unmount datasets\n"), zpool_get_name(zhp));
		return (1);
	}

	/* The history must be logged as part of the export */
	log_history = B_FALSE;

	ret = (zpool_destroy(zhp, history_str) != 0);

	zpool_close(zhp);

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * zpool export [-f] <pool> ...
 *
 *	-f	Forcefully unmount datasets
 *
 * Export the given pools.  By default, the command will attempt to cleanly
 * unmount any active datasets within the pool.  If the '-f' flag is specified,
 * then the datasets will be forcefully unmounted.
 */
int
zpool_do_export(int argc, char **argv)
{
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t hardforce = B_FALSE;
	int c;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	int ret;
	int i;

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt(argc, argv, "fF")) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'F':
			hardforce = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* check arguments */
	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool argument\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	ret = 0;
	for (i = 0; i < argc; i++) {
		if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, argv[i])) == NULL) {
			ret = 1;
			continue;
		}

		if (zpool_disable_datasets(zhp, force) != 0) {
			ret = 1;
			zpool_close(zhp);
			continue;
		}

		/* The history must be logged as part of the export */
		log_history = B_FALSE;

		if (hardforce) {
			if (zpool_export_force(zhp, history_str) != 0)
				ret = 1;
		} else if (zpool_export(zhp, force, history_str) != 0) {
			ret = 1;
		}

		zpool_close(zhp);
	}

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * Given a vdev configuration, determine the maximum width needed for the device
 * name column.
 */
static int
max_width(zpool_handle_t *zhp, nvlist_t *nv, int depth, int max,
    int name_flags)
{
	char *name;
	nvlist_t **child;
	uint_t c, children;
	int ret;

	name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, nv, name_flags | VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);
	if (strlen(name) + depth > max)
		max = strlen(name) + depth;

	free(name);

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
			    max, name_flags)) > max)
				max = ret;
	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
			    max, name_flags)) > max)
				max = ret;
	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
			if ((ret = max_width(zhp, child[c], depth + 2,
			    max, name_flags)) > max)
				max = ret;
	}

	return (max);
}

typedef struct spare_cbdata {
	uint64_t	cb_guid;
	zpool_handle_t	*cb_zhp;
} spare_cbdata_t;

static boolean_t
find_vdev(nvlist_t *nv, uint64_t search)
{
	uint64_t guid;
	nvlist_t **child;
	uint_t c, children;

	if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_GUID, &guid) == 0 &&
	    search == guid)
		return (B_TRUE);

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++)
			if (find_vdev(child[c], search))
				return (B_TRUE);
	}

	return (B_FALSE);
}

static int
find_spare(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
{
	spare_cbdata_t *cbp = data;
	nvlist_t *config, *nvroot;

	config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL);
	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
	    &nvroot) == 0);

	if (find_vdev(nvroot, cbp->cb_guid)) {
		cbp->cb_zhp = zhp;
		return (1);
	}

	zpool_close(zhp);
	return (0);
}

typedef struct status_cbdata {
	int		cb_count;
	int		cb_name_flags;
	int		cb_namewidth;
	boolean_t	cb_allpools;
	boolean_t	cb_verbose;
	boolean_t	cb_literal;
	boolean_t	cb_explain;
	boolean_t	cb_first;
	boolean_t	cb_dedup_stats;
	boolean_t	cb_print_status;
	boolean_t	cb_print_slow_ios;
	boolean_t	cb_print_vdev_init;
	boolean_t	cb_print_vdev_trim;
} status_cbdata_t;

/*
 * Print vdev initialization status for leaves
 */
static void
print_status_initialize(vdev_stat_t *vs, boolean_t verbose)
{
	if (verbose) {
		if ((vs->vs_initialize_state == VDEV_INITIALIZE_ACTIVE ||
		    vs->vs_initialize_state == VDEV_INITIALIZE_SUSPENDED ||
		    vs->vs_initialize_state == VDEV_INITIALIZE_COMPLETE) &&
		    !vs->vs_scan_removing) {
			char zbuf[1024];
			char tbuf[256];
			struct tm zaction_ts;

			time_t t = vs->vs_initialize_action_time;
			int initialize_pct = 100;
			if (vs->vs_initialize_state !=
			    VDEV_INITIALIZE_COMPLETE) {
				initialize_pct = (vs->vs_initialize_bytes_done *
				    100 / (vs->vs_initialize_bytes_est + 1));
			}

			(void) localtime_r(&t, &zaction_ts);
			(void) strftime(tbuf, sizeof (tbuf), "%c", &zaction_ts);

			switch (vs->vs_initialize_state) {
			case VDEV_INITIALIZE_SUSPENDED:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("suspended, started at"), tbuf);
				break;
			case VDEV_INITIALIZE_ACTIVE:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("started at"), tbuf);
				break;
			case VDEV_INITIALIZE_COMPLETE:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("completed at"), tbuf);
				break;
			}

			(void) printf(gettext("  (%d%% initialized%s)"),
			    initialize_pct, zbuf);
		} else {
			(void) printf(gettext("  (uninitialized)"));
		}
	} else if (vs->vs_initialize_state == VDEV_INITIALIZE_ACTIVE) {
		(void) printf(gettext("  (initializing)"));
	}
}

/*
 * Print vdev TRIM status for leaves
 */
static void
print_status_trim(vdev_stat_t *vs, boolean_t verbose)
{
	if (verbose) {
		if ((vs->vs_trim_state == VDEV_TRIM_ACTIVE ||
		    vs->vs_trim_state == VDEV_TRIM_SUSPENDED ||
		    vs->vs_trim_state == VDEV_TRIM_COMPLETE) &&
		    !vs->vs_scan_removing) {
			char zbuf[1024];
			char tbuf[256];
			struct tm zaction_ts;

			time_t t = vs->vs_trim_action_time;
			int trim_pct = 100;
			if (vs->vs_trim_state != VDEV_TRIM_COMPLETE) {
				trim_pct = (vs->vs_trim_bytes_done *
				    100 / (vs->vs_trim_bytes_est + 1));
			}

			(void) localtime_r(&t, &zaction_ts);
			(void) strftime(tbuf, sizeof (tbuf), "%c", &zaction_ts);

			switch (vs->vs_trim_state) {
			case VDEV_TRIM_SUSPENDED:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("suspended, started at"), tbuf);
				break;
			case VDEV_TRIM_ACTIVE:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("started at"), tbuf);
				break;
			case VDEV_TRIM_COMPLETE:
				(void) snprintf(zbuf, sizeof (zbuf), ", %s %s",
				    gettext("completed at"), tbuf);
				break;
			}

			(void) printf(gettext("  (%d%% trimmed%s)"),
			    trim_pct, zbuf);
		} else if (vs->vs_trim_notsup) {
			(void) printf(gettext("  (trim unsupported)"));
		} else {
			(void) printf(gettext("  (untrimmed)"));
		}
	} else if (vs->vs_trim_state == VDEV_TRIM_ACTIVE) {
		(void) printf(gettext("  (trimming)"));
	}
}

/*
 * Print out configuration state as requested by status_callback.
 */
static void
print_status_config(zpool_handle_t *zhp, status_cbdata_t *cb, const char *name,
    nvlist_t *nv, int depth, boolean_t isspare)
{
	nvlist_t **child, *root;
	uint_t c, children;
	pool_scan_stat_t *ps = NULL;
	vdev_stat_t *vs;
	char rbuf[6], wbuf[6], cbuf[6];
	char *vname;
	uint64_t notpresent;
	spare_cbdata_t spare_cb;
	const char *state;
	char *type;

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children) != 0)
		children = 0;

	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_STATS,
	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &c) == 0);

	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, &type) == 0);

	if (strcmp(type, VDEV_TYPE_INDIRECT) == 0)
		return;

	state = zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux);
	if (isspare) {
		/*
		 * For hot spares, we use the terms 'INUSE' and 'AVAILABLE' for
		 * online drives.
		 */
		if (vs->vs_aux == VDEV_AUX_SPARED)
			state = "INUSE";
		else if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY)
			state = "AVAIL";
	}

	(void) printf("\t%*s%-*s  %-8s", depth, "", cb->cb_namewidth - depth,
	    name, state);

	if (!isspare) {
		if (cb->cb_literal) {
			printf(" %5llu %5llu %5llu",
			    (u_longlong_t)vs->vs_read_errors,
			    (u_longlong_t)vs->vs_write_errors,
			    (u_longlong_t)vs->vs_checksum_errors);
		} else {
			zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_read_errors, rbuf, sizeof (rbuf));
			zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_write_errors, wbuf, sizeof (wbuf));
			zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_checksum_errors, cbuf,
			    sizeof (cbuf));
			printf(" %5s %5s %5s", rbuf, wbuf, cbuf);
		}

		if (cb->cb_print_slow_ios) {
			if (children == 0)  {
				/* Only leafs vdevs have slow IOs */
				zfs_nicenum(vs->vs_slow_ios, rbuf,
				    sizeof (rbuf));
			} else {
				(void) snprintf(rbuf, sizeof (rbuf), "-");
			}

			if (cb->cb_literal)
				printf(" %5llu", (u_longlong_t)vs->vs_slow_ios);
			else
				printf(" %5s", rbuf);
		}

	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_NOT_PRESENT,
	    &notpresent) == 0) {
		char *path;
		verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_PATH, &path) == 0);
		(void) printf("  was %s", path);
	} else if (vs->vs_aux != 0) {
		(void) printf("  ");

		switch (vs->vs_aux) {
		case VDEV_AUX_OPEN_FAILED:
			(void) printf(gettext("cannot open"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_GUID_SUM:
			(void) printf(gettext("missing device"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_NO_REPLICAS:
			(void) printf(gettext("insufficient replicas"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_VERSION_NEWER:
			(void) printf(gettext("newer version"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_UNSUP_FEAT:
			(void) printf(gettext("unsupported feature(s)"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_SPARED:
			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_GUID,
			    &spare_cb.cb_guid) == 0);
			if (zpool_iter(g_zfs, find_spare, &spare_cb) == 1) {
				if (strcmp(zpool_get_name(spare_cb.cb_zhp),
				    zpool_get_name(zhp)) == 0)
					(void) printf(gettext("currently in "
					    "use"));
				else
					(void) printf(gettext("in use by "
					    "pool '%s'"),
					    zpool_get_name(spare_cb.cb_zhp));
				zpool_close(spare_cb.cb_zhp);
			} else {
				(void) printf(gettext("currently in use"));
			}
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_ERR_EXCEEDED:
			(void) printf(gettext("too many errors"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_IO_FAILURE:
			(void) printf(gettext("experienced I/O failures"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_LOG:
			(void) printf(gettext("bad intent log"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_EXTERNAL:
			(void) printf(gettext("external device fault"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_SPLIT_POOL:
			(void) printf(gettext("split into new pool"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_ACTIVE:
			(void) printf(gettext("currently in use"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_CHILDREN_OFFLINE:
			(void) printf(gettext("all children offline"));
			break;

		default:
			(void) printf(gettext("corrupted data"));
			break;
		}
	}

	/* The root vdev has the scrub/resilver stats */
	root = fnvlist_lookup_nvlist(zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL),
	    ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE);
	(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(root, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SCAN_STATS,
	    (uint64_t **)&ps, &c);

	if (ps != NULL && ps->pss_state == DSS_SCANNING && children == 0) {
		if (vs->vs_scan_processed != 0) {
			(void) printf(gettext("  (%s)"),
			    (ps->pss_func == POOL_SCAN_RESILVER) ?
			    "resilvering" : "repairing");
		} else if (vs->vs_resilver_deferred) {
			(void) printf(gettext("  (awaiting resilver)"));
		}
	}

	/* Display vdev initialization and trim status for leaves */
	if (children == 0) {
		print_status_initialize(vs, cb->cb_print_vdev_init);
		print_status_trim(vs, cb->cb_print_vdev_trim);
	}

	(void) printf("\n");

	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
		uint64_t islog = B_FALSE, ishole = B_FALSE;

		/* Don't print logs or holes here */
		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
		    &islog);
		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_HOLE,
		    &ishole);
		if (islog || ishole)
			continue;
		/* Only print normal classes here */
		if (nvlist_exists(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_ALLOCATION_BIAS))
			continue;

		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c],
		    cb->cb_name_flags | VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);

		print_status_config(zhp, cb, vname, child[c], depth + 2,
		    isspare);
		free(vname);
	}
}

/*
 * Print the configuration of an exported pool.  Iterate over all vdevs in the
 * pool, printing out the name and status for each one.
 */
static void
print_import_config(status_cbdata_t *cb, const char *name, nvlist_t *nv,
    int depth)
{
	nvlist_t **child;
	uint_t c, children;
	vdev_stat_t *vs;
	char *type, *vname;

	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, &type) == 0);
	if (strcmp(type, VDEV_TYPE_MISSING) == 0 ||
	    strcmp(type, VDEV_TYPE_HOLE) == 0)
		return;

	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_STATS,
	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &c) == 0);

	(void) printf("\t%*s%-*s", depth, "", cb->cb_namewidth - depth, name);
	(void) printf("  %s", zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux));

	if (vs->vs_aux != 0) {
		(void) printf("  ");

		switch (vs->vs_aux) {
		case VDEV_AUX_OPEN_FAILED:
			(void) printf(gettext("cannot open"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_BAD_GUID_SUM:
			(void) printf(gettext("missing device"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_NO_REPLICAS:
			(void) printf(gettext("insufficient replicas"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_VERSION_NEWER:
			(void) printf(gettext("newer version"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_UNSUP_FEAT:
			(void) printf(gettext("unsupported feature(s)"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_ERR_EXCEEDED:
			(void) printf(gettext("too many errors"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_ACTIVE:
			(void) printf(gettext("currently in use"));
			break;

		case VDEV_AUX_CHILDREN_OFFLINE:
			(void) printf(gettext("all children offline"));
			break;

		default:
			(void) printf(gettext("corrupted data"));
			break;
		}
	}
	(void) printf("\n");

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN,
	    &child, &children) != 0)
		return;

	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;

		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
		    &is_log);
		if (is_log)
			continue;
		if (nvlist_exists(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_ALLOCATION_BIAS))
			continue;

		vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c],
		    cb->cb_name_flags | VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);
		print_import_config(cb, vname, child[c], depth + 2);
		free(vname);
	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_L2CACHE,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		(void) printf(gettext("\tcache\n"));
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
			vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c],
			    cb->cb_name_flags);
			(void) printf("\t  %s\n", vname);
			free(vname);
		}
	}

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_SPARES,
	    &child, &children) == 0) {
		(void) printf(gettext("\tspares\n"));
		for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
			vname = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, NULL, child[c],
			    cb->cb_name_flags);
			(void) printf("\t  %s\n", vname);
			free(vname);
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Print specialized class vdevs.
 *
 * These are recorded as top level vdevs in the main pool child array
 * but with "is_log" set to 1 or an "alloc_bias" string. We use either
 * print_status_config() or print_import_config() to print the top level
 * class vdevs then any of their children (eg mirrored slogs) are printed
 * recursively - which works because only the top level vdev is marked.
 */
static void
print_class_vdevs(zpool_handle_t *zhp, status_cbdata_t *cb, nvlist_t *nv,
    const char *class)
{
	uint_t c, children;
	nvlist_t **child;
	boolean_t printed = B_FALSE;

	assert(zhp != NULL || !cb->cb_verbose);

	if (nvlist_lookup_nvlist_array(nv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_CHILDREN, &child,
	    &children) != 0)
		return;

	for (c = 0; c < children; c++) {
		uint64_t is_log = B_FALSE;
		char *bias = NULL;
		char *type = NULL;

		(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(child[c], ZPOOL_CONFIG_IS_LOG,
		    &is_log);

		if (is_log) {
			bias = VDEV_ALLOC_CLASS_LOGS;
		} else {
			(void) nvlist_lookup_string(child[c],
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_ALLOCATION_BIAS, &bias);
			(void) nvlist_lookup_string(child[c],
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_TYPE, &type);
		}

		if (bias == NULL || strcmp(bias, class) != 0)
			continue;
		if (!is_log && strcmp(type, VDEV_TYPE_INDIRECT) == 0)
			continue;

		if (!printed) {
			(void) printf("\t%s\t\n", gettext(class));
			printed = B_TRUE;
		}

		char *name = zpool_vdev_name(g_zfs, zhp, child[c],
		    cb->cb_name_flags | VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);
		if (cb->cb_print_status)
			print_status_config(zhp, cb, name, child[c], 2,
			    B_FALSE);
		else
			print_import_config(cb, name, child[c], 2);
		free(name);
	}
}

/*
 * Display the status for the given pool.
 */
static void
show_import(nvlist_t *config)
{
	uint64_t pool_state;
	vdev_stat_t *vs;
	char *name;
	uint64_t guid;
	uint64_t hostid = 0;
	char *msgid;
	char *hostname = "unknown";
	nvlist_t *nvroot, *nvinfo;
	int reason;
	zpool_errata_t errata;
	const char *health;
	uint_t vsc;
	char *comment;
	status_cbdata_t cb = { 0 };

	verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME,
	    &name) == 0);
	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID,
	    &guid) == 0);
	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE,
	    &pool_state) == 0);
	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_TREE,
	    &nvroot) == 0);

	verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64_array(nvroot, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_STATS,
	    (uint64_t **)&vs, &vsc) == 0);
	health = zpool_state_to_name(vs->vs_state, vs->vs_aux);

	reason = zpool_import_status(config, &msgid, &errata);

	(void) printf(gettext("   pool: %s\n"), name);
	(void) printf(gettext("     id: %llu\n"), (u_longlong_t)guid);
	(void) printf(gettext("  state: %s"), health);
	if (pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
		(void) printf(gettext(" (DESTROYED)"));
	(void) printf("\n");

	switch (reason) {
	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_R:
	case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_NR:
	case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: One or more devices are "
		    "missing from the system.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_R:
	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_LABEL_NR:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: One or more devices contains "
		    "corrupted data.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_DATA:
		(void) printf(
		    gettext(" status: The pool data is corrupted.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_OFFLINE_DEV:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: One or more devices "
		    "are offlined.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_CORRUPT_POOL:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool metadata is "
		    "corrupted.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_OLDER:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool is formatted using a "
		    "legacy on-disk version.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_NEWER:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool is formatted using an "
		    "incompatible version.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FEAT_DISABLED:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: Some supported features are "
		    "not enabled on the pool.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_UNSUP_FEAT_READ:
		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool uses the following "
		    "feature(s) not supported on this system:\n"));
		zpool_print_unsup_feat(config);
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_UNSUP_FEAT_WRITE:
		(void) printf(gettext("status: The pool can only be accessed "
		    "in read-only mode on this system. It\n\tcannot be "
		    "accessed in read-write mode because it uses the "
		    "following\n\tfeature(s) not supported on this system:\n"));
		zpool_print_unsup_feat(config);
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_ACTIVE:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool is currently "
		    "imported by another system.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_REQUIRED:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool has the "
		    "multihost property on.  It cannot\n\tbe safely imported "
		    "when the system hostid is not set.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_MISMATCH:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: The pool was last accessed by "
		    "another system.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_R:
	case ZPOOL_STATUS_FAULTED_DEV_NR:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: One or more devices are "
		    "faulted.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_LOG:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: An intent log record cannot be "
		    "read.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_RESILVERING:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: One or more devices were being "
		    "resilvered.\n"));
		break;

	case ZPOOL_STATUS_ERRATA:
		(void) printf(gettext(" status: Errata #%d detected.\n"),
		    errata);
		break;

	default:
		/*
		 * No other status can be seen when importing pools.
		 */
		assert(reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_OK);
	}

	/*
	 * Print out an action according to the overall state of the pool.
	 */
	if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_HEALTHY) {
		if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_OLDER ||
		    reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_FEAT_DISABLED) {
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can be "
			    "imported using its name or numeric identifier, "
			    "though\n\tsome features will not be available "
			    "without an explicit 'zpool upgrade'.\n"));
		} else if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_MISMATCH) {
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can be "
			    "imported using its name or numeric "
			    "identifier and\n\tthe '-f' flag.\n"));
		} else if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_ERRATA) {
			switch (errata) {
			case ZPOOL_ERRATA_NONE:
				break;

			case ZPOOL_ERRATA_ZOL_2094_SCRUB:
				(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can "
				    "be imported using its name or numeric "
				    "identifier,\n\thowever there is a compat"
				    "ibility issue which should be corrected"
				    "\n\tby running 'zpool scrub'\n"));
				break;

			case ZPOOL_ERRATA_ZOL_2094_ASYNC_DESTROY:
				(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can"
				    "not be imported with this version of ZFS "
				    "due to\n\tan active asynchronous destroy. "
				    "Revert to an earlier version\n\tand "
				    "allow the destroy to complete before "
				    "updating.\n"));
				break;

			case ZPOOL_ERRATA_ZOL_6845_ENCRYPTION:
				(void) printf(gettext(" action: Existing "
				    "encrypted datasets contain an on-disk "
				    "incompatibility, which\n\tneeds to be "
				    "corrected. Backup these datasets to new "
				    "encrypted datasets\n\tand destroy the "
				    "old ones.\n"));
				break;
			case ZPOOL_ERRATA_ZOL_8308_ENCRYPTION:
				(void) printf(gettext(" action: Any existing "
				    "encrypted datasets contain an on-disk "
				    "incompatibility which\n\tmay cause "
				    "on-disk corruption with 'zfs recv' and "
				    "which needs to be\n\tcorrected. Enable "
				    "the bookmark_v2 feature and backup "
				    "these datasets to new encrypted "
				    "datasets and\n\tdestroy the old ones. "
				    "If this pool does not contain any "
				    "encrypted datasets, simply enable\n\t"
				    "the bookmark_v2 feature.\n"));
				break;
			default:
				/*
				 * All errata must contain an action message.
				 */
				assert(0);
			}
		} else {
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can be "
			    "imported using its name or numeric "
			    "identifier.\n"));
		}
	} else if (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_DEGRADED) {
		(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool can be imported "
		    "despite missing or damaged devices.  The\n\tfault "
		    "tolerance of the pool may be compromised if imported.\n"));
	} else {
		switch (reason) {
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_VERSION_NEWER:
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool cannot be "
			    "imported.  Access the pool on a system running "
			    "newer\n\tsoftware, or recreate the pool from "
			    "backup.\n"));
			break;
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_UNSUP_FEAT_READ:
			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool cannot be "
			    "imported. Access the pool on a system that "
			    "supports\n\tthe required feature(s), or recreate "
			    "the pool from backup.\n"));
			break;
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_UNSUP_FEAT_WRITE:
			(void) printf(gettext("action: The pool cannot be "
			    "imported in read-write mode. Import the pool "
			    "with\n"
			    "\t\"-o readonly=on\", access the pool on a system "
			    "that supports the\n\trequired feature(s), or "
			    "recreate the pool from backup.\n"));
			break;
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_R:
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_MISSING_DEV_NR:
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM:
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool cannot be "
			    "imported. Attach the missing\n\tdevices and try "
			    "again.\n"));
			break;
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_ACTIVE:
			VERIFY0(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(config,
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_LOAD_INFO, &nvinfo));

			if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTNAME))
				hostname = fnvlist_lookup_string(nvinfo,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTNAME);

			if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTID))
				hostid = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(nvinfo,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTID);

			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool must be "
			    "exported from %s (hostid=%lx)\n\tbefore it "
			    "can be safely imported.\n"), hostname,
			    (unsigned long) hostid);
			break;
		case ZPOOL_STATUS_HOSTID_REQUIRED:
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: Check the SMF "
			    "svc:/system/hostid service.\n"));
			break;
		default:
			(void) printf(gettext(" action: The pool cannot be "
			    "imported due to damaged devices or data.\n"));
		}
	}

	/* Print the comment attached to the pool. */
	if (nvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_COMMENT, &comment) == 0)
		(void) printf(gettext("comment: %s\n"), comment);

	/*
	 * If the state is "closed" or "can't open", and the aux state
	 * is "corrupt data":
	 */
	if (((vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_CLOSED) ||
	    (vs->vs_state == VDEV_STATE_CANT_OPEN)) &&
	    (vs->vs_aux == VDEV_AUX_CORRUPT_DATA)) {
		if (pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
			(void) printf(gettext("\tThe pool was destroyed, "
			    "but can be imported using the '-Df' flags.\n"));
		else if (pool_state != POOL_STATE_EXPORTED)
			(void) printf(gettext("\tThe pool may be active on "
			    "another system, but can be imported using\n\t"
			    "the '-f' flag.\n"));
	}

	if (msgid != NULL)
		(void) printf(gettext("   see: http://illumos.org/msg/%s\n"),
		    msgid);

	(void) printf(gettext(" config:\n\n"));

	cb.cb_namewidth = max_width(NULL, nvroot, 0, strlen(name),
	    VDEV_NAME_TYPE_ID);
	if (cb.cb_namewidth < 10)
		cb.cb_namewidth = 10;

	print_import_config(&cb, name, nvroot, 0);

	print_class_vdevs(NULL, &cb, nvroot, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_DEDUP);
	print_class_vdevs(NULL, &cb, nvroot, VDEV_ALLOC_BIAS_SPECIAL);
	print_class_vdevs(NULL, &cb, nvroot, VDEV_ALLOC_CLASS_LOGS);

	if (reason == ZPOOL_STATUS_BAD_GUID_SUM) {
		(void) printf(gettext("\n\tAdditional devices are known to "
		    "be part of this pool, though their\n\texact "
		    "configuration cannot be determined.\n"));
	}
}

static boolean_t
zfs_force_import_required(nvlist_t *config)
{
	uint64_t state;
	uint64_t hostid = 0;
	nvlist_t *nvinfo;

	state = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE);
	(void) nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTID, &hostid);

	if (state != POOL_STATE_EXPORTED && hostid != get_system_hostid())
		return (B_TRUE);

	nvinfo = fnvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_LOAD_INFO);
	if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_STATE)) {
		mmp_state_t mmp_state = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(nvinfo,
		    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_STATE);

		if (mmp_state != MMP_STATE_INACTIVE)
			return (B_TRUE);
	}

	return (B_FALSE);
}

/*
 * Perform the import for the given configuration.  This passes the heavy
 * lifting off to zpool_import_props(), and then mounts the datasets contained
 * within the pool.
 */
static int
do_import(nvlist_t *config, const char *newname, const char *mntopts,
    nvlist_t *props, int flags)
{
	int ret = 0;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	char *name;
	uint64_t version;

	name = fnvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME);
	version = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VERSION);

	if (!SPA_VERSION_IS_SUPPORTED(version)) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': pool "
		    "is formatted using an unsupported ZFS version\n"), name);
		return (1);
	} else if (zfs_force_import_required(config) &&
	    !(flags & ZFS_IMPORT_ANY_HOST)) {
		mmp_state_t mmp_state = MMP_STATE_INACTIVE;
		nvlist_t *nvinfo;

		nvinfo = fnvlist_lookup_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_LOAD_INFO);
		if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_STATE))
			mmp_state = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(nvinfo,
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_STATE);

		if (mmp_state == MMP_STATE_ACTIVE) {
			char *hostname = "<unknown>";
			uint64_t hostid = 0;

			if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTNAME))
				hostname = fnvlist_lookup_string(nvinfo,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTNAME);

			if (nvlist_exists(nvinfo, ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTID))
				hostid = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(nvinfo,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_MMP_HOSTID);

			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
			    "pool is imported on %s (hostid: "
			    "0x%lx)\nExport the pool on the other system, "
			    "then run 'zpool import'.\n"),
			    name, hostname, (unsigned long) hostid);
		} else if (mmp_state == MMP_STATE_NO_HOSTID) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("Cannot import '%s': "
			    "pool has the multihost property on and the\n"
			    "system's hostid is not set.\n"), name);
		} else {
			char *hostname = "<unknown>";
			uint64_t timestamp = 0;
			uint64_t hostid = 0;

			if (nvlist_exists(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTNAME))
				hostname = fnvlist_lookup_string(config,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTNAME);

			if (nvlist_exists(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_TIMESTAMP))
				timestamp = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_TIMESTAMP);

			if (nvlist_exists(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTID))
				hostid = fnvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
				    ZPOOL_CONFIG_HOSTID);

			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
			    "pool was previously in use from another system.\n"
			    "Last accessed by %s (hostid=%lx) at %s"
			    "The pool can be imported, use 'zpool import -f' "
			    "to import the pool.\n"), name, hostname,
			    (unsigned long)hostid, ctime((time_t *)&timestamp));

		}

		return (1);
	}

	if (zpool_import_props(g_zfs, config, newname, props, flags) != 0)
		return (1);

	if (newname != NULL)
		name = (char *)newname;

	if ((zhp = zpool_open_canfail(g_zfs, name)) == NULL)
		return (1);

	/*
	 * Loading keys is best effort. We don't want to return immediately
	 * if it fails but we do want to give the error to the caller.
	 */
	if (flags & ZFS_IMPORT_LOAD_KEYS) {
		ret = zfs_crypto_attempt_load_keys(g_zfs, name);
		if (ret != 0)
			ret = 1;
	}

	if (zpool_get_state(zhp) != POOL_STATE_UNAVAIL &&
	    !(flags & ZFS_IMPORT_ONLY) &&
	    zpool_enable_datasets(zhp, mntopts, 0) != 0) {
		zpool_close(zhp);
		return (1);
	}

	zpool_close(zhp);
	return (ret);
}

typedef struct target_exists_args {
	const char	*poolname;
	uint64_t	poolguid;
} target_exists_args_t;

static int
name_or_guid_exists(zpool_handle_t *zhp, void *data)
{
	target_exists_args_t *args = data;
	nvlist_t *config = zpool_get_config(zhp, NULL);
	int found = 0;

	if (config == NULL)
		return (0);

	if (args->poolname != NULL) {
		char *pool_name;

		verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME,
		    &pool_name) == 0);
		if (strcmp(pool_name, args->poolname) == 0)
			found = 1;
	} else {
		uint64_t pool_guid;

		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID,
		    &pool_guid) == 0);
		if (pool_guid == args->poolguid)
			found = 1;
	}
	zpool_close(zhp);

	return (found);
}
/*
 * zpool checkpoint <pool>
 *       checkpoint --discard <pool>
 *
 *	-d	Discard the checkpoint from a checkpointed
 *	--discard  pool.
 *
 * Checkpoints the specified pool, by taking a "snapshot" of its
 * current state. A pool can only have one checkpoint at a time.
 */
int
zpool_do_checkpoint(int argc, char **argv)
{
	boolean_t discard;
	char *pool;
	zpool_handle_t *zhp;
	int c, err;

	struct option long_options[] = {
		{"discard", no_argument, NULL, 'd'},
		{0, 0, 0, 0}
	};

	discard = B_FALSE;
	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":d", long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'd':
			discard = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (argc < 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing pool argument\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	if (argc > 1) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	pool = argv[0];

	if ((zhp = zpool_open(g_zfs, pool)) == NULL) {
		/* As a special case, check for use of '/' in the name */
		if (strchr(pool, '/') != NULL)
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("'zpool checkpoint' "
			    "doesn't work on datasets. To save the state "
			    "of a dataset from a specific point in time "
			    "please use 'zfs snapshot'\n"));
		return (1);
	}

	if (discard)
		err = (zpool_discard_checkpoint(zhp) != 0);
	else
		err = (zpool_checkpoint(zhp) != 0);

	zpool_close(zhp);

	return (err);
}

#define	CHECKPOINT_OPT	1024

/*
 * zpool import [-d dir] [-D]
 *       import [-o mntopts] [-o prop=value] ... [-R root] [-D] [-l]
 *              [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-f] -a
 *       import [-o mntopts] [-o prop=value] ... [-R root] [-D] [-l]
 *              [-d dir | -c cachefile] [-f] [-n] [-F] [-t]
 *              <pool | id> [newpool]
 *
 *	-c	Read pool information from a cachefile instead of searching
 *		devices.
 *
 *	-d	Scan in a specific directory, other than /dev/dsk.  More than
 *		one directory can be specified using multiple '-d' options.
 *
 *	-D	Scan for previously destroyed pools or import all or only
 *		specified destroyed pools.
 *
 *	-R	Temporarily import the pool, with all mountpoints relative to
 *		the given root.  The pool will remain exported when the machine
 *		is rebooted.
 *
 *	-V	Import even in the presence of faulted vdevs.  This is an
 *		intentionally undocumented option for testing purposes, and
 *		treats the pool configuration as complete, leaving any bad
 *		vdevs in the FAULTED state. In other words, it does verbatim
 *		import.
 *
 *	-f	Force import, even if it appears that the pool is active.
 *
 *	-F	Attempt rewind if necessary.
 *
 *	-n	See if rewind would work, but don't actually rewind.
 *
 *	-N	Import the pool but don't mount datasets.
 *
 *	-t	Use newpool as a temporary pool name instead of renaming
 *		the pool.
 *
 *	-T	Specify a starting txg to use for import. This option is
 *		intentionally undocumented option for testing purposes.
 *
 *	-a	Import all pools found.
 *
 *	-o	Set property=value and/or temporary mount options (without '=').
 *  -l	Load encryption keys while importing.
 *
 *	--rewind-to-checkpoint
 *		Import the pool and revert back to the checkpoint.
 *
 * The import command scans for pools to import, and import pools based on pool
 * name and GUID.  The pool can also be renamed as part of the import process.
 */
int
zpool_do_import(int argc, char **argv)
{
	char **searchdirs = NULL;
	int nsearch = 0;
	int c;
	int err = 0;
	nvlist_t *pools = NULL;
	boolean_t do_all = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t do_destroyed = B_FALSE;
	char *mntopts = NULL;
	nvpair_t *elem;
	nvlist_t *config;
	uint64_t searchguid = 0;
	char *searchname = NULL;
	char *propval;
	nvlist_t *found_config;
	nvlist_t *policy = NULL;
	nvlist_t *props = NULL;
	boolean_t first;
	int flags = ZFS_IMPORT_NORMAL;
	uint32_t rewind_policy = ZPOOL_NO_REWIND;
	boolean_t dryrun = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t do_rewind = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t xtreme_rewind = B_FALSE;
	boolean_t pool_exists = B_FALSE;
	uint64_t pool_state, txg = -1ULL;
	char *cachefile = NULL;
	importargs_t idata = { 0 };
	char *endptr;


	struct option long_options[] = {
		{"rewind-to-checkpoint", no_argument, NULL, CHECKPOINT_OPT},
		{0, 0, 0, 0}
	};

	/* check options */
	while ((c = getopt_long(argc, argv, ":aCc:d:DEfFlmnNo:rR:tT:VX",
	    long_options, NULL)) != -1) {
		switch (c) {
		case 'a':
			do_all = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'c':
			cachefile = optarg;
			break;
		case 'd':
			if (searchdirs == NULL) {
				searchdirs = safe_malloc(sizeof (char *));
			} else {
				char **tmp = safe_malloc((nsearch + 1) *
				    sizeof (char *));
				bcopy(searchdirs, tmp, nsearch *
				    sizeof (char *));
				free(searchdirs);
				searchdirs = tmp;
			}
			searchdirs[nsearch++] = optarg;
			break;
		case 'D':
			do_destroyed = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'f':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_ANY_HOST;
			break;
		case 'F':
			do_rewind = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'l':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_LOAD_KEYS;
			break;
		case 'm':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_MISSING_LOG;
			break;
		case 'n':
			dryrun = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case 'N':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_ONLY;
			break;
		case 'o':
			if ((propval = strchr(optarg, '=')) != NULL) {
				*propval = '\0';
				propval++;
				if (add_prop_list(optarg, propval,
				    &props, B_TRUE))
					goto error;
			} else {
				mntopts = optarg;
			}
			break;
		case 'R':
			if (add_prop_list(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_ALTROOT), optarg, &props, B_TRUE))
				goto error;
			if (add_prop_list_default(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
				goto error;
			break;
		case 't':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_TEMP_NAME;
			if (add_prop_list_default(zpool_prop_to_name(
			    ZPOOL_PROP_CACHEFILE), "none", &props, B_TRUE))
				goto error;
			break;
		case 'T':
			errno = 0;
			txg = strtoull(optarg, &endptr, 0);
			if (errno != 0 || *endptr != '\0') {
				(void) fprintf(stderr,
				    gettext("invalid txg value\n"));
				usage(B_FALSE);
			}
			rewind_policy = ZPOOL_DO_REWIND | ZPOOL_EXTREME_REWIND;
			break;
		case 'V':
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_VERBATIM;
			break;
		case 'X':
			xtreme_rewind = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case CHECKPOINT_OPT:
			flags |= ZFS_IMPORT_CHECKPOINT;
			break;
		case ':':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("missing argument for "
			    "'%c' option\n"), optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	if (cachefile && nsearch != 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-c is incompatible with -d\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	if ((flags & ZFS_IMPORT_LOAD_KEYS) && (flags & ZFS_IMPORT_ONLY)) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-l is incompatible with -N\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	if ((flags & ZFS_IMPORT_LOAD_KEYS) && !do_all && argc == 0) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("-l is only meaningful during "
		    "an import\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}

	if ((dryrun || xtreme_rewind) && !do_rewind) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("-n or -X only meaningful with -F\n"));
		usage(B_FALSE);
	}
	if (dryrun)
		rewind_policy = ZPOOL_TRY_REWIND;
	else if (do_rewind)
		rewind_policy = ZPOOL_DO_REWIND;
	if (xtreme_rewind)
		rewind_policy |= ZPOOL_EXTREME_REWIND;

	/* In the future, we can capture further policy and include it here */
	if (nvlist_alloc(&policy, NV_UNIQUE_NAME, 0) != 0 ||
	    nvlist_add_uint64(policy, ZPOOL_LOAD_REQUEST_TXG, txg) != 0 ||
	    nvlist_add_uint32(policy, ZPOOL_LOAD_REWIND_POLICY,
	    rewind_policy) != 0)
		goto error;

	if (searchdirs == NULL) {
		searchdirs = safe_malloc(sizeof (char *));
		searchdirs[0] = ZFS_DISK_ROOT;
		nsearch = 1;
	}

	/* check argument count */
	if (do_all) {
		if (argc != 0) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	} else {
		if (argc > 2) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("too many arguments\n"));
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}

		/*
		 * Check for the SYS_CONFIG privilege.  We do this explicitly
		 * here because otherwise any attempt to discover pools will
		 * silently fail.
		 */
		if (argc == 0 && !priv_ineffect(PRIV_SYS_CONFIG)) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot "
			    "discover pools: permission denied\n"));
			free(searchdirs);
			nvlist_free(policy);
			return (1);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * Depending on the arguments given, we do one of the following:
	 *
	 *	<none>	Iterate through all pools and display information about
	 *		each one.
	 *
	 *	-a	Iterate through all pools and try to import each one.
	 *
	 *	<id>	Find the pool that corresponds to the given GUID/pool
	 *		name and import that one.
	 *
	 *	-D	Above options applies only to destroyed pools.
	 */
	if (argc != 0) {
		char *endptr;

		errno = 0;
		searchguid = strtoull(argv[0], &endptr, 10);
		if (errno != 0 || *endptr != '\0') {
			searchname = argv[0];
			searchguid = 0;
		}
		found_config = NULL;

		/*
		 * User specified a name or guid.  Ensure it's unique.
		 */
		target_exists_args_t search = {searchname, searchguid};
		pool_exists = zpool_iter(g_zfs, name_or_guid_exists, &search);
	}

	idata.path = searchdirs;
	idata.paths = nsearch;
	idata.poolname = searchname;
	idata.guid = searchguid;
	idata.cachefile = cachefile;
	idata.policy = policy;

	pools = zpool_search_import(g_zfs, &idata, &libzfs_config_ops);

	if (pools != NULL && pool_exists &&
	    (argc == 1 || strcmp(argv[0], argv[1]) == 0)) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
		    "a pool with that name already exists\n"),
		    argv[0]);
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("use the form 'zpool import "
		    "[-t] <pool | id> <newpool>' to give it a new temporary "
		    "or permanent name\n"));
		err = 1;
	} else if (pools == NULL && pool_exists) {
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
		    "a pool with that name is already created/imported,\n"),
		    argv[0]);
		(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("and no additional pools "
		    "with that name were found\n"));
		err = 1;
	} else if (pools == NULL) {
		if (argc != 0) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
			    "no such pool available\n"), argv[0]);
		}
		err = 1;
	}

	if (err == 1) {
		free(searchdirs);
		nvlist_free(policy);
		return (1);
	}

	/*
	 * At this point we have a list of import candidate configs. Even if
	 * we were searching by pool name or guid, we still need to
	 * post-process the list to deal with pool state and possible
	 * duplicate names.
	 */
	err = 0;
	elem = NULL;
	first = B_TRUE;
	while ((elem = nvlist_next_nvpair(pools, elem)) != NULL) {

		verify(nvpair_value_nvlist(elem, &config) == 0);

		verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config, ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_STATE,
		    &pool_state) == 0);
		if (!do_destroyed && pool_state == POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
			continue;
		if (do_destroyed && pool_state != POOL_STATE_DESTROYED)
			continue;

		verify(nvlist_add_nvlist(config, ZPOOL_LOAD_POLICY,
		    policy) == 0);

		if (argc == 0) {
			if (first)
				first = B_FALSE;
			else if (!do_all)
				(void) printf("\n");

			if (do_all) {
				err |= do_import(config, NULL, mntopts,
				    props, flags);
			} else {
				show_import(config);
			}
		} else if (searchname != NULL) {
			char *name;

			/*
			 * We are searching for a pool based on name.
			 */
			verify(nvlist_lookup_string(config,
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_NAME, &name) == 0);

			if (strcmp(name, searchname) == 0) {
				if (found_config != NULL) {
					(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
					    "cannot import '%s': more than "
					    "one matching pool\n"), searchname);
					(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext(
					    "import by numeric ID instead\n"));
					err = B_TRUE;
				}
				found_config = config;
			}
		} else {
			uint64_t guid;

			/*
			 * Search for a pool by guid.
			 */
			verify(nvlist_lookup_uint64(config,
			    ZPOOL_CONFIG_POOL_GUID, &guid) == 0);

			if (guid == searchguid)
				found_config = config;
		}
	}

	/*
	 * If we were searching for a specific pool, verify that we found a
	 * pool, and then do the import.
	 */
	if (argc != 0 && err == 0) {
		if (found_config == NULL) {
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("cannot import '%s': "
			    "no such pool available\n"), argv[0]);
			err = B_TRUE;
		} else {
			err |= do_import(found_config, argc == 1 ? NULL :
			    argv[1], mntopts, props, flags);
		}
	}

	/*
	 * If we were just looking for pools, report an error if none were
	 * found.
	 */
	if (argc == 0 && first)
		(void) fprintf(stderr,
		    gettext("no pools available to import\n"));

error:
	nvlist_free(props);
	nvlist_free(pools);
	nvlist_free(policy);
	free(searchdirs);

	return (err ? 1 : 0);
}

/*
 * zpool sync [-f] [pool] ...
 *
 * -f (undocumented) force uberblock (and config including zpool cache file)
 *    update.
 *
 * Sync the specified pool(s).
 * Without arguments "zpool sync" will sync all pools.
 * This command initiates TXG sync(s) and will return after the TXG(s) commit.
 *
 */
static int
zpool_do_sync(int argc, char **argv)
{
	int ret;
	boolean_t force = B_FALSE;

	/* check options */
	while ((ret  = getopt(argc, argv, "f")) != -1) {
		switch (ret) {
		case 'f':
			force = B_TRUE;
			break;
		case '?':
			(void) fprintf(stderr, gettext("invalid option '%c'\n"),
			    optopt);
			usage(B_FALSE);
		}
	}

	argc -= optind;
	argv += optind;

	/* if argc == 0 we will execute zpool_sync_one on all pools */
	ret = for_each_pool(argc, argv, B_FALSE, NULL, zpool_sync_one, &force);

	return (ret);
}

typedef struct iostat_cbdata {
	uint64_t cb_flags;
	int cb_name_flags;
	int cb_namewidth;
	int cb_iteration;
	char **cb_vdev_names; /* Only show these vdevs */
	unsigned int cb_vdev_names_count;
	boolean_t cb_verbose;
	boolean_t cb_literal;
	boolean_t cb_scripted;
	zpool_list_t *cb_list;
} iostat_cbdata_t;

/*  iostat labels */
typedef struct name_and_columns {
	const char *name;	/* Column name */
	unsigned int columns;	/* Center name to this number of columns */
} name_and_columns_t;

#define	IOSTAT_MAX_LABELS	13	/* Max number of labels on one line */

static const name_and_columns_t iostat_top_labels[][IOSTAT_MAX_LABELS] =
{
	[IOS_DEFAULT] = {{"capacity", 2}, {"operations", 2}, {"bandwidth", 2},
	    {NULL}},
	[IOS_LATENCY] = {{"total_wait", 2}, {"disk_wait", 2}, {"syncq_wait", 2},
	    {"asyncq_wait", 2}, {"scrub"}, {"trim", 1}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_QUEUES] = {{"syncq_read", 2}, {"syncq_write", 2},
	    {"asyncq_read", 2}, {"asyncq_write", 2}, {"scrubq_read", 2},
	    {"trimq_write", 2}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_L_HISTO] = {{"total_wait", 2}, {"disk_wait", 2}, {"syncq_wait", 2},
	    {"asyncq_wait", 2}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_RQ_HISTO] = {{"sync_read", 2}, {"sync_write", 2},
	    {"async_read", 2}, {"async_write", 2}, {"scrub", 2},
	    {"trim", 2}, {NULL}},

};

/* Shorthand - if "columns" field not set, default to 1 column */
static const name_and_columns_t iostat_bottom_labels[][IOSTAT_MAX_LABELS] =
{
	[IOS_DEFAULT] = {{"alloc"}, {"free"}, {"read"}, {"write"}, {"read"},
	    {"write"}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_LATENCY] = {{"read"}, {"write"}, {"read"}, {"write"}, {"read"},
	    {"write"}, {"read"}, {"write"}, {"wait"}, {"wait"}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_QUEUES] = {{"pend"}, {"activ"}, {"pend"}, {"activ"}, {"pend"},
	    {"activ"}, {"pend"}, {"activ"}, {"pend"}, {"activ"},
	    {"pend"}, {"activ"}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_L_HISTO] = {{"read"}, {"write"}, {"read"}, {"write"}, {"read"},
	    {"write"}, {"read"}, {"write"}, {"scrub"}, {"trim"}, {NULL}},
	[IOS_RQ_HISTO] = {{"ind"}, {"agg"}, {"ind"}, {"agg"}, {"ind"}, {"agg"},
	    {"ind"}, {"agg"}, {"ind"}, {"agg"}, {"ind"}, {"agg"}, {NULL}},
};

static const char *histo_to_title[] = {
	[IOS_L_HISTO] = "latency",
	[IOS_RQ_HISTO] = "req_size",
};

/*
 * Return the number of labels in a null-terminated name_and_columns_t
 * array.
 *
 */
static unsigned int
label_array_len(const name_and_columns_t *labels)
{
	int i = 0;

	while (labels[i].name)
		i++;

	return (i);
}

/*
 * Return the number of strings in a null-terminated string array.
 * For example:
 *
 *     const char foo[] = {"bar", "baz", NULL}
 *
 * returns 2
 */
static uint64_t
str_array_len(const char *array[])
{
	uint64_t i = 0;
	while (array[i])
		i++;

	return (i);
}


/*
 * Return a default column width for default/latency/queue columns. This does
 * not include histograms, which have their columns autosized.
 */
static unsigned int
default_column_width(iostat_cbdata_t *cb, enum iostat_type type)
{
	unsigned long column_width = 5; /* Normal niceprint */
	static unsigned long widths[] = {
		/*
		 * Choose some sane default column sizes for printing the
		 * raw numbers.
		 */
		[IOS_DEFAULT] = 15, /* 1PB capacity */
		[IOS_LATENCY] = 10, /* 1B ns = 10sec */
		[IOS_QUEUES] = 6,   /* 1M queue entries */
		[IOS_L_HISTO] = 10, /* 1B ns = 10sec */
		[IOS_RQ_HISTO] = 6, /* 1M queue entries */
	};

	if (cb->cb_literal)
		column_width = widths[type];

	return (column_width);
}

/*
 * Print the column labels, i.e:
 *
 *   capacity     operations     bandwidth
 * alloc   free   read  write   read  write  ...
 *
 * If force_column_width is set, use it for the column width.  If not set, use
 * the default column width.
 */
void
print_iostat_labels(iostat_cbdata_t *cb, unsigned int force_column_width,
    const name_and_columns_t labels[][IOSTAT_MAX_LABELS])
{
	int i, idx, s;
	int text_start, rw_column_width, spaces_to_end;
	uint64_t flags = cb->cb_flags;
	uint64_t f;
	unsigned int column_width = force_column_width;

	/* For each bit set in flags */
	for (f = flags; f; f &= ~(1ULL << idx)) {
		idx = lowbit64(f) - 1;
		if (!force_column_width)
			column_width = default_column_width(cb, idx);
		/* Print our top labels centered over "read  write" label. */
		for (i = 0; i < label_array_len(labels[idx]); i++) {
			const char *name = labels[idx][i].name;
			/*
			 * We treat labels[][].columns == 0 as shorthand
			 * for one column.  It makes writing out the label
			 * tables more concise.
			 */
			unsigned int columns = MAX(1, labels[idx][i].columns);
			unsigned int slen = strlen(name);

			rw_column_width = (column_width * columns) +
			    (2 * (columns - 1));

			text_start = (int)((rw_column_width) / columns -
			    slen / columns);
			if (text_start < 0)
				text_start = 0;

			printf("  ");	/* Two spaces between columns */

			/* Space from beginning of column to label */
			for (s = 0; s < text_start; s++)
				printf(" ");

			printf("%s", name);

			/* Print space after label to end of column */
			spaces_to_end = rw_column_width - text_start - slen;
			if (spaces_to_end < 0)
				spaces_to_end = 0;

			for (s = 0; s < spaces_to_end; s++)
				printf(" ");
		}
	}
}

/*
 * Utility function to print out a line of dashes like:
 *
 *	--------------------------------  -----  -----  -----  -----  -----
 *
 * ...or a dashed named-row line like:
 *
 *	logs                                  -      -      -      -      -
 *
 * @cb:				iostat data
 *
 * @force_column_width		If non-zero, use the value as the column width.
 *				Otherwise use the default column widths.
 *
 * @name:			Print a dashed named-row line starting
 *				with @name.  Otherwise, print a regular
 *				dashed line.
 */
static void
print_iostat_dashes(iostat_cbdata_t *cb, unsigned int force_column_width,
    const char *name)
{
	int i;
	unsigned int namewidth;
	uint64_t flags = cb->cb_flags;
	uint64_t f;
	int idx;
	const name_and_columns_t *labels;
	const char *title;


	if (cb->cb_flags & IOS_ANYHISTO_M) {
		title = histo_to_title[IOS_HISTO_IDX(cb->cb_flags)];
	} else if (cb->cb_vdev_names_count) {
		title = "vdev";
	} else  {
		title = "pool";
	}

	namewidth = MAX(MAX(strlen(title), cb->cb_namewidth),
	    name ? strlen(name) : 0);


	if (name) {
		printf("%-*s", namewidth, name);
	} else {
		for (i = 0; i < namewidth; i++)
			(void) printf("-");
	}

	/* For each bit in flags */
	for (f = flags; f; f &= ~(1ULL << idx)) {
		unsigned int column_width;
		idx = lowbit64(f) - 1;
		if (force_column_width)
			column_width = force_column_width;
		else
			column_width = default_column_width(cb, idx);

		labels = iostat_bottom_labels[idx];
		for (i = 0; i < label_array_len(labels); i++) {
			if (name)
				printf("  %*s-", column_width - 1, " ");
			else
				printf("  %.*s", column_width,
				    "--------------------");
		}
	}
}


static void
print_iostat_separator_impl(iostat_cbdata_t *cb,
    unsigned int force_column_width)
{
	print_iostat_dashes(cb, force_column_width, NULL);
}

static void
print_iostat_separator(iostat_cbdata_t *cb)
{
	print_iostat_separator_impl(cb, 0);
}

static void
print_iostat_header_impl(iostat_cbdata_t *cb, unsigned int force_column_width,
    const char *histo_vdev_name)
{
	unsigned int namewidth;
	const char *title;

	if (cb->cb_flags & IOS_ANYHISTO_M) {
		title = histo_to_title[IOS_HISTO_IDX(cb->cb_flags)];
	} else if (cb->cb_vdev_names_count) {
		title = "vdev";
	} else  {
		title = "pool";
	}

	namewidth = MAX(MAX(strlen(title), cb->cb_namewidth),
	    histo_vdev_name ? strlen(histo_vdev_name) : 0);

	if (histo_vdev_name)
		printf("%-*s", namewidth, histo_vdev_name);
	else
		printf("%*s", namewidth, "");


	print_iostat_labels(cb, force_column_width, iostat_top_labels);
	printf("\n");

	printf("%-*s", namewidth, title);

	print_iostat_labels(cb, force_column_width, iostat_bottom_labels);

	printf("\n");

	print_iostat_separator_impl(cb, force_column_width);

	printf("\n");
}

static void
print_iostat_header(iostat_cbdata_t *cb)
{
	print_iostat_header_impl(cb, 0, NULL);
}

/*
 * Display a single statistic.
 */
static void
print_one_stat(uint64_t value, enum zfs_nicenum_format format,
    unsigned int column_size, boolean_t scripted)
{
	char buf[64];

	zfs_nicenum_format(value, buf, sizeof (buf), format);

	if (scripted)
		printf("\t%s", buf);
	else
		printf("  %*s", column_size, buf);
}

/*
 * Calculate the default vdev stats
 *
 * Subtract oldvs from newvs, apply a scaling factor, and save the resulting
 * stats into calcvs.
 */
static void
calc_default_iostats(vdev_stat_t *oldvs, vdev_stat_t *newvs,
    vdev_stat_t *calcvs)
{
	int i;

	memcpy(calcvs, newvs, sizeof (*calcvs));
	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(calcvs->vs_ops); i++)
		calcvs->vs_ops[i] = (newvs->vs_ops[i] - oldvs->vs_ops[i]);

	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(calcvs->vs_bytes); i++)
		calcvs->vs_bytes[i] = (newvs->vs_bytes[i] - oldvs->vs_bytes[i]);
}

/*
 * Internal representation of the extended iostats data.
 *
 * The extended iostat stats are exported in nvlists as either uint64_t arrays
 * or single uint64_t's.  We make both look like arrays to make them easier
 * to process.  In order to make single uint64_t's look like arrays, we set
 * __data to the stat data, and then set *data = &__data with count = 1.  Then,
 * we can just use *data and count.
 */
struct stat_array {
	uint64_t *data;
	uint_t count;	/* Number of entries in data[] */
	uint64_t __data; /* Only used when data is a single uint64_t */
};

static uint64_t
stat_histo_max(struct stat_array *nva, unsigned int len)
{
	uint64_t max = 0;
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
		max = MAX(max, array64_max(nva[i].data, nva[i].count));

	return (max);
}

/*
 * Helper function to lookup a uint64_t array or uint64_t value and store its
 * data as a stat_array.  If the nvpair is a single uint64_t value, then we make
 * it look like a one element array to make it easier to process.
 */
static int
nvpair64_to_stat_array(nvlist_t *nvl, const char *name,
    struct stat_array *nva)
{
	nvpair_t *tmp;
	int ret;

	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvpair(nvl, name, &tmp) == 0);
	switch (nvpair_type(tmp)) {
	case DATA_TYPE_UINT64_ARRAY:
		ret = nvpair_value_uint64_array(tmp, &nva->data, &nva->count);
		break;
	case DATA_TYPE_UINT64:
		ret = nvpair_value_uint64(tmp, &nva->__data);
		nva->data = &nva->__data;
		nva->count = 1;
		break;
	default:
		/* Not a uint64_t */
		ret = EINVAL;
		break;
	}

	return (ret);
}

/*
 * Given a list of nvlist names, look up the extended stats in newnv and oldnv,
 * subtract them, and return the results in a newly allocated stat_array.
 * You must free the returned array after you are done with it with
 * free_calc_stats().
 *
 * Additionally, you can set "oldnv" to NULL if you simply want the newnv
 * values.
 */
static struct stat_array *
calc_and_alloc_stats_ex(const char **names, unsigned int len, nvlist_t *oldnv,
    nvlist_t *newnv)
{
	nvlist_t *oldnvx = NULL, *newnvx;
	struct stat_array *oldnva, *newnva, *calcnva;
	int i, j;
	unsigned int alloc_size = (sizeof (struct stat_array)) * len;

	/* Extract our extended stats nvlist from the main list */
	verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(newnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_STATS_EX,
	    &newnvx) == 0);
	if (oldnv) {
		verify(nvlist_lookup_nvlist(oldnv, ZPOOL_CONFIG_VDEV_STATS_EX,
		    &oldnvx) == 0);
	}

	newnva = safe_malloc(alloc_size);
	oldnva = safe_malloc(alloc_size);
	calcnva = safe_malloc(alloc_size);

	for (j = 0; j < len; j++) {
		verify(nvpair64_to_stat_array(newnvx, names[j],
		    &newnva[j]) == 0);
		calcnva[j].count = newnva[j].count;
		alloc_size = calcnva[j].count * sizeof (calcnva[j].data[0]);
		calcnva[j].data = safe_malloc(alloc_size);
		memcpy(calcnva[j].data, newnva[j].data, alloc_size);

		if (oldnvx) {
			verify(nvpair64_to_stat_array(oldnvx, names[j],
			    &oldnva[j]) == 0);
			for (i = 0; i < oldnva[j].count; i++)
				calcnva[j].data[i] -= oldnva[j].data[i];
		}
	}
	free(newnva);
	free(oldnva);
	return (calcnva);
}

static void
free_calc_stats(struct stat_array *nva, unsigned int len)
{
	int i;
	for (i = 0; i < len; i++)
		free(nva[i].data);