/* * CDDL HEADER START * * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License"). * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions * and limitations under the License. * * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE. * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner] * * CDDL HEADER END */ /* * Copyright 2009 Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. * Use is subject to license terms. */ /* * Copyright 2019 Peter Tribble. * Copyright 2019 Joyent, Inc. * Copyright 2023 Oxide Computer Company */ /* * CPU support routines for DR */ #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include #include /* for the DR*INTERNAL_ERROR macros. see sys/dr.h. */ static char *dr_ie_fmt = "dr_cpu.c %d"; int dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(dr_board_t *bp, dr_cpu_unit_t *cp) { #ifdef DEBUG processorid_t cpuid; /* * cpuid and unit number should never be different * than they were at discovery/connect time */ ASSERT(drmach_cpu_get_id(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id, &cpuid) == 0); ASSERT(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_bp == bp); ASSERT(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_type == SBD_COMP_CPU); ASSERT(cp->sbc_cpu_id == cpuid); #else _NOTE(ARGUNUSED(bp)) _NOTE(ARGUNUSED(cp)) #endif return (1); } static int dr_errno2ecode(int error) { int rv; switch (error) { case EBUSY: rv = ESBD_BUSY; break; case EINVAL: rv = ESBD_INVAL; break; case EALREADY: rv = ESBD_ALREADY; break; case ENODEV: rv = ESBD_NODEV; break; case ENOMEM: rv = ESBD_NOMEM; break; default: rv = ESBD_INVAL; } return (rv); } static void dr_cpu_set_prop(dr_cpu_unit_t *cp) { sbd_error_t *err; dev_info_t *dip; uint64_t clock_freq; int ecache_size = 0; char *cache_str = NULL; err = drmach_get_dip(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id, &dip); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); return; } if (dip == NULL) { DR_DEV_INTERNAL_ERROR(&cp->sbc_cm); return; } /* read in the CPU speed */ /* * If the property is not found in the CPU node, it has to be * kept in the core or cmp node so we just keep looking. */ clock_freq = (unsigned int)ddi_prop_get_int(DDI_DEV_T_ANY, dip, 0, "clock-frequency", 0); ASSERT(clock_freq != 0); /* * The ecache property string is not the same * for all CPU implementations. */ switch (cp->sbc_cpu_impl) { case BLACKBIRD_IMPL: case CHEETAH_IMPL: case CHEETAH_PLUS_IMPL: cache_str = "ecache-size"; break; case JAGUAR_IMPL: case OLYMPUS_C_IMPL: case JUPITER_IMPL: cache_str = "l2-cache-size"; break; case PANTHER_IMPL: cache_str = "l3-cache-size"; break; default: cmn_err(CE_WARN, "Unknown cpu implementation=0x%x", cp->sbc_cpu_impl); ASSERT(0); break; } if (cache_str != NULL) { /* read in the ecache size */ /* * If the property is not found in the CPU node, * it has to be kept in the core or cmp node so * we just keep looking. */ ecache_size = ddi_prop_get_int(DDI_DEV_T_ANY, dip, 0, cache_str, 0); } ASSERT(ecache_size != 0); /* convert to the proper units */ cp->sbc_speed = (clock_freq + 500000) / 1000000; cp->sbc_ecache = ecache_size / (1024 * 1024); } void dr_init_cpu_unit(dr_cpu_unit_t *cp) { sbd_error_t *err; dr_state_t new_state; int cpuid; int impl; if (DR_DEV_IS_ATTACHED(&cp->sbc_cm)) { new_state = DR_STATE_CONFIGURED; cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_cond = SBD_COND_OK; } else if (DR_DEV_IS_PRESENT(&cp->sbc_cm)) { new_state = DR_STATE_CONNECTED; cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_cond = SBD_COND_OK; } else { new_state = DR_STATE_EMPTY; cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_cond = SBD_COND_UNKNOWN; } if (DR_DEV_IS_PRESENT(&cp->sbc_cm)) { err = drmach_cpu_get_id(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id, &cpuid); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); new_state = DR_STATE_FATAL; goto done; } err = drmach_cpu_get_impl(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id, &impl); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); new_state = DR_STATE_FATAL; goto done; } } else { cp->sbc_cpu_id = -1; cp->sbc_cpu_impl = -1; goto done; } cp->sbc_cpu_id = cpuid; cp->sbc_cpu_impl = impl; /* if true at init time, it must always be true */ ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_bp, cp)); mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); if ((cpuid >= 0) && cpu[cpuid]) cp->sbc_cpu_flags = cpu[cpuid]->cpu_flags; else cp->sbc_cpu_flags = P_OFFLINE | P_POWEROFF; mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); dr_cpu_set_prop(cp); done: /* delay transition until fully initialized */ dr_device_transition(&cp->sbc_cm, new_state); } int dr_pre_attach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t **devlist, int devnum) { int i; int curr_cpu; int next_cpu; static fn_t f = "dr_pre_attach_cpu"; PR_CPU("%s...\n", f); for (next_cpu = 0, i = 0; i < devnum; i++) { dr_cpu_unit_t *up = (dr_cpu_unit_t *)devlist[i]; ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(hp->h_bd, up)); /* * Print a console message for each attachment * point. For CMP devices, this means that only * one message should be printed, no matter how * many cores are actually present. */ curr_cpu = DR_UNUM2SBD_UNUM(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_unum, SBD_COMP_CPU); if (curr_cpu >= next_cpu) { cmn_err(CE_CONT, "OS configure %s", up->sbc_cm.sbdev_path); next_cpu = curr_cpu + 1; } if (up->sbc_cm.sbdev_state == DR_STATE_UNCONFIGURED) { /* * If we're coming from the UNCONFIGURED * state then the cpu's sigblock will * still be mapped in. Need to unmap it * before continuing with attachment. */ PR_CPU("%s: unmapping sigblk for cpu %d\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); } } /* * Block out status threads while creating * devinfo tree branches */ dr_lock_status(hp->h_bd); ndi_devi_enter(ddi_root_node()); mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); return (0); } /*ARGSUSED*/ void dr_attach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t *cp) { sbd_error_t *err; processorid_t cpuid; int rv; ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&cpu_lock)); err = drmach_configure(cp->sbdev_id, 0); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbdev_error, &err); return; } err = drmach_cpu_get_id(cp->sbdev_id, &cpuid); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbdev_error, &err); err = drmach_unconfigure(cp->sbdev_id, DEVI_BRANCH_DESTROY); if (err) sbd_err_clear(&err); } else if ((rv = cpu_configure(cpuid)) != 0) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, cp, dr_errno2ecode(rv)); err = drmach_unconfigure(cp->sbdev_id, DEVI_BRANCH_DESTROY); if (err) sbd_err_clear(&err); } } /* * dr_post_attach_cpu * * sbd error policy: Does not stop on error. Processes all units in list. */ int dr_post_attach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t **devlist, int devnum) { int i; int errflag = 0; static fn_t f = "dr_post_attach_cpu"; PR_CPU("%s...\n", f); /* Startup and online newly-attached CPUs */ for (i = 0; i < devnum; i++) { dr_cpu_unit_t *up = (dr_cpu_unit_t *)devlist[i]; struct cpu *cp; ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(hp->h_bd, up)); cp = cpu_get(up->sbc_cpu_id); if (cp == NULL) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: cpu_get failed for cpu %d", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); continue; } if (cpu_is_poweredoff(cp)) { if (cpu_poweron(cp) != 0) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_CPUSTART); errflag = 1; } PR_CPU("%s: cpu %d powered ON\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); } if (cpu_is_offline(cp)) { PR_CPU("%s: onlining cpu %d...\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); if (cpu_online(cp, 0) != 0) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_ONLINE); errflag = 1; } } } mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); ndi_devi_exit(ddi_root_node()); dr_unlock_status(hp->h_bd); if (errflag) return (-1); else return (0); } /* * dr_pre_release_cpu * * sbd error policy: Stops on first error. */ int dr_pre_release_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t **devlist, int devnum) { int c, cix, i, lastoffline = -1, rv = 0; processorid_t cpuid; struct cpu *cp; dr_cpu_unit_t *up; dr_devset_t devset; sbd_dev_stat_t *ds; static fn_t f = "dr_pre_release_cpu"; int cpu_flags = 0; devset = DR_DEVS_PRESENT(hp->h_bd); /* allocate status struct storage. */ ds = (sbd_dev_stat_t *) kmem_zalloc(sizeof (sbd_dev_stat_t) * MAX_CPU_UNITS_PER_BOARD, KM_SLEEP); cix = dr_cpu_status(hp, devset, ds); mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); for (i = 0; i < devnum; i++) { up = (dr_cpu_unit_t *)devlist[i]; ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(hp->h_bd, up)); /* * The STARCAT platform borrows cpus for use by POST in * iocage testing. These cpus cannot be unconfigured * while they are in use for the iocage. * This check determines if a CPU is currently in use * for iocage testing, and if so, returns a "Device busy" * error. */ for (c = 0; c < cix; c++) { if (ds[c].d_cpu.cs_unit == up->sbc_cm.sbdev_unum) { if (ds[c].d_cpu.cs_busy) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_BUSY); rv = -1; break; } } } if (c < cix) break; cpuid = up->sbc_cpu_id; if ((cp = cpu_get(cpuid)) == NULL) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_OFFLINE); rv = -1; break; } /* used by dr_cancel_cpu during error flow */ up->sbc_cpu_flags = cp->cpu_flags; if (CPU_ACTIVE(cp)) { if (dr_cmd_flags(hp) & SBD_FLAG_FORCE) cpu_flags = CPU_FORCED; PR_CPU("%s: offlining cpu %d\n", f, cpuid); if (cpu_offline(cp, cpu_flags)) { PR_CPU("%s: failed to offline cpu %d\n", f, cpuid); dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_OFFLINE); if (disp_bound_threads(cp, 0)) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: thread(s) bound " "to cpu %d", f, cp->cpu_id); } rv = -1; break; } else lastoffline = i; } if (!rv) { sbd_error_t *err; err = drmach_release(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_id); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&up->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); rv = -1; break; } } } mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); if (rv) { /* * Need to unwind others since at this level (pre-release) * the device state has not yet transitioned and failures * will prevent us from reaching the "post" release * function where states are normally transitioned. */ for (i = lastoffline; i >= 0; i--) { up = (dr_cpu_unit_t *)devlist[i]; (void) dr_cancel_cpu(up); } } kmem_free(ds, sizeof (sbd_dev_stat_t) * MAX_CPU_UNITS_PER_BOARD); return (rv); } /* * dr_pre_detach_cpu * * sbd error policy: Stops on first error. */ int dr_pre_detach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t **devlist, int devnum) { _NOTE(ARGUNUSED(hp)) int i; int curr_cpu; int next_cpu; int cpu_flags = 0; static fn_t f = "dr_pre_detach_cpu"; PR_CPU("%s...\n", f); /* * Block out status threads while destroying devinfo tree * branches */ dr_lock_status(hp->h_bd); mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); for (next_cpu = 0, i = 0; i < devnum; i++) { dr_cpu_unit_t *up = (dr_cpu_unit_t *)devlist[i]; struct cpu *cp; ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(hp->h_bd, up)); cp = cpu_get(up->sbc_cpu_id); if (cp == NULL) continue; /* * Print a console message for each attachment * point. For CMP devices, this means that only * one message should be printed, no matter how * many cores are actually present. */ curr_cpu = DR_UNUM2SBD_UNUM(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_unum, SBD_COMP_CPU); if (curr_cpu >= next_cpu) { cmn_err(CE_CONT, "OS unconfigure %s\n", up->sbc_cm.sbdev_path); next_cpu = curr_cpu + 1; } /* * CPUs were offlined during Release. */ if (cpu_is_poweredoff(cp)) { PR_CPU("%s: cpu %d already powered OFF\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); continue; } if (!cpu_is_offline(cp)) { if (dr_cmd_flags(hp) & SBD_FLAG_FORCE) cpu_flags = CPU_FORCED; /* cpu was onlined after release. Offline it again */ PR_CPU("%s: offlining cpu %d\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); if (cpu_offline(cp, cpu_flags)) { PR_CPU("%s: failed to offline cpu %d\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_OFFLINE); if (disp_bound_threads(cp, 0)) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: thread(s) bound " "to cpu %d", f, cp->cpu_id); } goto err; } } if (cpu_poweroff(cp) != 0) { dr_dev_err(CE_WARN, &up->sbc_cm, ESBD_CPUSTOP); goto err; } else { PR_CPU("%s: cpu %d powered OFF\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); } } return (0); err: mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); dr_unlock_status(hp->h_bd); return (-1); } /*ARGSUSED*/ void dr_detach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t *cp) { sbd_error_t *err; processorid_t cpuid; int rv; ASSERT(MUTEX_HELD(&cpu_lock)); err = drmach_cpu_get_id(cp->sbdev_id, &cpuid); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbdev_error, &err); } else if ((rv = cpu_unconfigure(cpuid)) != 0) { dr_dev_err(CE_IGNORE, cp, dr_errno2ecode(rv)); } else { err = drmach_unconfigure(cp->sbdev_id, DEVI_BRANCH_DESTROY); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbdev_error, &err); } } } /*ARGSUSED1*/ int dr_post_detach_cpu(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_common_unit_t **devlist, int devnum) { static fn_t f = "dr_post_detach_cpu"; PR_CPU("%s...\n", f); hp->h_ndi = 0; mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); dr_unlock_status(hp->h_bd); return (0); } static void dr_fill_cpu_stat(dr_cpu_unit_t *cp, drmach_status_t *pstat, sbd_cpu_stat_t *csp) { ASSERT(cp && pstat && csp); /* Fill in the common status information */ bzero((caddr_t)csp, sizeof (*csp)); csp->cs_type = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_type; csp->cs_unit = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_unum; (void) strncpy(csp->cs_name, pstat->type, sizeof (csp->cs_name)); csp->cs_cond = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_cond; csp->cs_busy = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_busy | pstat->busy; csp->cs_time = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_time; csp->cs_ostate = cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_ostate; csp->cs_suspend = 0; /* CPU specific status data */ csp->cs_cpuid = cp->sbc_cpu_id; /* * If the speed and ecache properties have not been * cached yet, read them in from the device tree. */ if ((cp->sbc_speed == 0) || (cp->sbc_ecache == 0)) dr_cpu_set_prop(cp); /* use the cached speed and ecache values */ csp->cs_speed = cp->sbc_speed; csp->cs_ecache = cp->sbc_ecache; mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); if (!cpu_get(csp->cs_cpuid)) { /* ostate must be UNCONFIGURED */ csp->cs_cm.c_ostate = SBD_STAT_UNCONFIGURED; } mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); } static void dr_fill_cmp_stat(sbd_cpu_stat_t *csp, int ncores, int impl, sbd_cmp_stat_t *psp) { int core; ASSERT(csp && psp && (ncores >= 1)); bzero((caddr_t)psp, sizeof (*psp)); /* * Fill in the common status information based * on the data for the first core. */ psp->ps_type = SBD_COMP_CMP; psp->ps_unit = DR_UNUM2SBD_UNUM(csp->cs_unit, SBD_COMP_CMP); (void) strncpy(psp->ps_name, csp->cs_name, sizeof (psp->ps_name)); psp->ps_cond = csp->cs_cond; psp->ps_busy = csp->cs_busy; psp->ps_time = csp->cs_time; psp->ps_ostate = csp->cs_ostate; psp->ps_suspend = csp->cs_suspend; /* CMP specific status data */ *psp->ps_cpuid = csp->cs_cpuid; psp->ps_ncores = 1; psp->ps_speed = csp->cs_speed; psp->ps_ecache = csp->cs_ecache; /* * Walk through the data for the remaining cores. * Make any adjustments to the common status data, * or the shared CMP specific data if necessary. */ for (core = 1; core < ncores; core++) { /* * The following properties should be the same * for all the cores of the CMP. */ ASSERT(psp->ps_unit == DR_UNUM2SBD_UNUM(csp[core].cs_unit, SBD_COMP_CMP)); ASSERT(psp->ps_speed == csp[core].cs_speed); psp->ps_cpuid[core] = csp[core].cs_cpuid; psp->ps_ncores++; /* * Jaguar has a split ecache, so the ecache * for each core must be added together to * get the total ecache for the whole chip. */ if (IS_JAGUAR(impl)) { psp->ps_ecache += csp[core].cs_ecache; } /* adjust time if necessary */ if (csp[core].cs_time > psp->ps_time) { psp->ps_time = csp[core].cs_time; } psp->ps_busy |= csp[core].cs_busy; /* * If any of the cores are configured, the * entire CMP is marked as configured. */ if (csp[core].cs_ostate == SBD_STAT_CONFIGURED) { psp->ps_ostate = csp[core].cs_ostate; } } } int dr_cpu_status(dr_handle_t *hp, dr_devset_t devset, sbd_dev_stat_t *dsp) { int cmp; int core; int ncpu; dr_board_t *bp; sbd_cpu_stat_t cstat[MAX_CORES_PER_CMP]; int impl; bp = hp->h_bd; ncpu = 0; devset &= DR_DEVS_PRESENT(bp); /* * Treat every CPU as a CMP. In the case where the * device is not a CMP, treat it as a CMP with only * one core. */ for (cmp = 0; cmp < MAX_CMP_UNITS_PER_BOARD; cmp++) { int ncores; dr_cpu_unit_t *cp; drmach_status_t pstat; sbd_error_t *err; sbd_cmp_stat_t *psp; if ((devset & DEVSET(SBD_COMP_CMP, cmp)) == 0) { continue; } ncores = 0; for (core = 0; core < MAX_CORES_PER_CMP; core++) { cp = dr_get_cpu_unit(bp, DR_CMP_CORE_UNUM(cmp, core)); if (cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_state == DR_STATE_EMPTY) { /* present, but not fully initialized */ continue; } ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(hp->h_bd, cp)); /* skip if not present */ if (cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id == (drmachid_t)0) { continue; } /* fetch platform status */ err = drmach_status(cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_id, &pstat); if (err) { DRERR_SET_C(&cp->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); continue; } dr_fill_cpu_stat(cp, &pstat, &cstat[ncores++]); /* * We should set impl here because the last core * found might be EMPTY or not present. */ impl = cp->sbc_cpu_impl; } if (ncores == 0) { continue; } /* * Store the data to the outgoing array. If the * device is a CMP, combine all the data for the * cores into a single stat structure. * * The check for a CMP device uses the last core * found, assuming that all cores will have the * same implementation. */ if (CPU_IMPL_IS_CMP(impl)) { psp = (sbd_cmp_stat_t *)dsp; dr_fill_cmp_stat(cstat, ncores, impl, psp); } else { ASSERT(ncores == 1); bcopy(cstat, dsp, sizeof (sbd_cpu_stat_t)); } dsp++; ncpu++; } return (ncpu); } /* * Cancel previous release operation for cpu. * For cpus this means simply bringing cpus that * were offline back online. Note that they had * to have been online at the time there were * released. */ int dr_cancel_cpu(dr_cpu_unit_t *up) { int rv = 0; static fn_t f = "dr_cancel_cpu"; ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_bp, up)); if (cpu_flagged_active(up->sbc_cpu_flags)) { struct cpu *cp; /* * CPU had been online, go ahead * bring it back online. */ PR_CPU("%s: bringing cpu %d back ONLINE\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); mutex_enter(&cpu_lock); cp = cpu[up->sbc_cpu_id]; if (cpu_is_poweredoff(cp)) { if (cpu_poweron(cp)) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: failed to power-on " "cpu %d", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); rv = -1; } } if (cpu_is_offline(cp)) { if (cpu_online(cp, 0)) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: failed to online cpu %d", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); rv = -1; } } if (cpu_is_online(cp)) { if (cpu_flagged_nointr(up->sbc_cpu_flags)) { if (cpu_intr_disable(cp) != 0) { cmn_err(CE_WARN, "%s: failed to " "disable interrupts on cpu %d", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); } } } mutex_exit(&cpu_lock); } return (rv); } int dr_disconnect_cpu(dr_cpu_unit_t *up) { sbd_error_t *err; static fn_t f = "dr_disconnect_cpu"; PR_CPU("%s...\n", f); ASSERT((up->sbc_cm.sbdev_state == DR_STATE_CONNECTED) || (up->sbc_cm.sbdev_state == DR_STATE_UNCONFIGURED)); ASSERT(dr_cpu_unit_is_sane(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_bp, up)); if (up->sbc_cm.sbdev_state == DR_STATE_CONNECTED) { /* * Cpus were never brought in and so are still * effectively disconnected, so nothing to do here. */ PR_CPU("%s: cpu %d never brought in\n", f, up->sbc_cpu_id); return (0); } err = drmach_cpu_disconnect(up->sbc_cm.sbdev_id); if (err == NULL) return (0); else { DRERR_SET_C(&up->sbc_cm.sbdev_error, &err); return (-1); } /*NOTREACHED*/ }