/*
 * CDDL HEADER START
 *
 * The contents of this file are subject to the terms of the
 * Common Development and Distribution License (the "License").
 * You may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
 *
 * You can obtain a copy of the license at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE
 * or http://www.opensolaris.org/os/licensing.
 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions
 * and limitations under the License.
 *
 * When distributing Covered Code, include this CDDL HEADER in each
 * file and include the License file at usr/src/OPENSOLARIS.LICENSE.
 * If applicable, add the following below this CDDL HEADER, with the
 * fields enclosed by brackets "[]" replaced with your own identifying
 * information: Portions Copyright [yyyy] [name of copyright owner]
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 * CDDL HEADER END
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/*
 * Copyright 2008 Sun Microsystems, Inc.  All rights reserved.
 * Use is subject to license terms.
 */
package org.opensolaris.os.dtrace;

import java.util.*;
import java.beans.*;
import java.io.*;

/**
 * A snapshot of a DTrace aggregation.  The name of an {@code
 * Aggregation} instance matches the source declaration, for example
 * <pre>        {@code @a[execname] = count();}</pre>
 * results in an {@code Aggregation} named "a" (the name does not
 * include the preceding {@code @}).  For convenience, a single
 * aggregation can remain unnamed (multiple aggregations in the same D
 * program need distinct names).  The unnamed aggregation results in an
 * {@code Aggregation} instance whose name is the empty string, for
 * example
 * <pre>        {@code @[execname] = count();}</pre>
 * An aggregation can list more than one variable in square brackets in
 * order to accumulate a value for each unique combination, or {@link
 * Tuple}.  Each tuple instance is associated with its accumulated
 * {@link AggregationValue} in an {@link AggregationRecord}.  For
 * example
 * <pre>        {@code @counts[execname, probefunc, cpu] = count();}</pre>
 * results in an {@code Aggregation} named "counts" containing records
 * each pairing a {@link CountValue} to a three-element {@code Tuple}.
 * It is also possible to omit the square brackets, for example
 * <pre>        {@code @a = count();}</pre>
 * results in an {@code Aggregation} named "a" with only a single record
 * keyed to the empty tuple ({@link Tuple#EMPTY}).
 * <p>
 * For more information, see the <a
 * href=http://dtrace.org/guide/chp-aggs.html>
 * <b>Aggregations</b></a> chapter of the <i>Dynamic Tracing
 * Guide</i>.  Also, the <a
 * href=http://dtrace.org/guide/chp-variables.html#chp-variables-5>
 * <b>Built-in Variables</b></a> section of the <b>Variables</b> chapter
 * describes variables like {@code execname}, {@code probefunc}, and
 * {@code cpu} useful for aggregating.
 * <p>
 * Immutable.  Supports persistence using {@link java.beans.XMLEncoder}.
 *
 * @see Aggregate
 * @see PrintaRecord
 *
 * @author Tom Erickson
 */
public final class Aggregation implements Serializable {
    static final long serialVersionUID = 2340811719178724026L;

    static {
	try {
	    BeanInfo info = Introspector.getBeanInfo(Aggregation.class);
	    PersistenceDelegate persistenceDelegate =
		    new DefaultPersistenceDelegate(
		    new String[] {"name", "ID", "records"})
	    {
		@Override
		protected boolean
		mutatesTo(Object oldInstance, Object newInstance)
		{
		    return ((newInstance != null) && (oldInstance != null) &&
			    (oldInstance.getClass() == newInstance.getClass()));
		}
	    };
	    BeanDescriptor d = info.getBeanDescriptor();
	    d.setValue("persistenceDelegate", persistenceDelegate);
	} catch (IntrospectionException e) {
	    e.printStackTrace();
	}
    }

    /** @serial */
    private String name;
    /** @serial */
    private final long id;
    private transient Map <Tuple, AggregationRecord> map;

    /**
     * Package-level access, called by Aggregate
     */
    Aggregation(String aggregationName, long aggregationID)
    {
	name = Aggregate.filterUnnamedAggregationName(aggregationName);
	id = aggregationID;
	map = new HashMap <Tuple, AggregationRecord> ();
    }

    /**
     * Creates an aggregation with the given name, ID, and records.
     * Supports XML persistence.
     *
     * @param aggregationName the name of this aggregation, empty string
     * if this aggregation is unnamed
     * @param aggregationID ID generated from a sequence by the native
     * DTrace library
     * @param aggregationRecords unordered collection of records
     * belonging to this aggregation
     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified name or list of
     * records is {@code null}
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if any record has an empty
     * tuple, unless it is the only record in the given collection (only
     * a singleton generated by an aggregation without square brackets
     * uses {@link Tuple#EMPTY} as a key)
     * @see #getRecord(Tuple key)
     */
    public
    Aggregation(String aggregationName, long aggregationID,
	    Collection <AggregationRecord> aggregationRecords)
    {
	name = Aggregate.filterUnnamedAggregationName(aggregationName);
	id = aggregationID;
	mapRecords(aggregationRecords);
	validate();
    }

    // assumes map is not yet created
    private void
    mapRecords(Collection <AggregationRecord> records)
    {
	int capacity = (int)(((float)records.size() * 3.0f) / 2.0f);
	// avoid rehashing and optimize lookup; will never be modified
	map = new HashMap <Tuple, AggregationRecord> (capacity, 1.0f);
	for (AggregationRecord record : records) {
	    map.put(record.getTuple(), record);
	}
    }

    private final void
    validate()
    {
	if (name == null) {
	    throw new NullPointerException("name is null");
	}
	for (AggregationRecord r : map.values()) {
	    if ((r.getTuple().size() == 0) && (map.size() > 1)) {
		throw new IllegalArgumentException("empty tuple " +
			"allowed only in singleton aggregation");
	    }
	}
    }

    /**
     * Gets the name of this aggregation.
     *
     * @return the name of this aggregation exactly as it appears in the
     * D program minus the preceding {@code @}, or an empty string if
     * the aggregation is unnamed, for example:
     * <pre>		{@code @[execname] = count();}</pre>
     */
    public String
    getName()
    {
	return name;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the D compiler-generated ID of this aggregation.
     *
     * @return the D compiler-generated ID
     */
    public long
    getID()
    {
	return id;
    }

    /**
     * Gets an unordered list of this aggregation's records. The list is
     * sortable using {@link java.util.Collections#sort(List list,
     * Comparator c)} with any user-defined ordering. Modifying the
     * returned list has no effect on this aggregation. Supports XML
     * persistence.
     *
     * @return a newly created list that copies this aggregation's
     * records by reference in no particular order
     * @see Aggregate#getRecords()
     * @see Aggregate#getOrderedRecords()
     */
    public List <AggregationRecord>
    getRecords()
    {
	List <AggregationRecord> list =
		new ArrayList <AggregationRecord> (map.values());
	return list;
    }

    /**
     * Package level access, called by Aggregate and PrintaRecord.
     *
     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if this aggregation already
     * contains a record with the same tuple key as the given record
     */
    void
    addRecord(AggregationRecord record)
    {
	Tuple key = record.getTuple();
	if (map.put(key, record) != null) {
	    throw new IllegalArgumentException("already contains a record " +
		    "with tuple " + key);
	}
    }

    /**
     * Gets a read-only {@code Map} view of this aggregation.
     *
     * @return a read-only {@code Map} view of this aggregation
     */
    public Map <Tuple, AggregationRecord>
    asMap()
    {
	return Collections. <Tuple, AggregationRecord> unmodifiableMap(map);
    }

    /**
     * Compares the specified object with this aggregation for equality.
     * Defines equality as having equal names and equal records.
     *
     * @return {@code true} if and only if the specified object is an
     * {@code Aggregation} with the same name as this aggregation and
     * the {@code Map} views of both aggregations returned by {@link
     * #asMap()} are equal as defined by {@link
     * AbstractMap#equals(Object o) AbstractMap.equals()}
     */
    @Override
    public boolean
    equals(Object o)
    {
	if (o instanceof Aggregation) {
	    Aggregation a = (Aggregation)o;
	    return (name.equals(a.name) &&
		    (map.equals(a.map))); // same mappings
	}
	return false;
    }

    /**
     * Overridden to ensure that equal aggregations have equal hash
     * codes.
     */
    @Override
    public int
    hashCode()
    {
	int hash = 17;
	hash = (37 * hash) + name.hashCode();
	hash = (37 * hash) + map.hashCode();
	return hash;
    }

    /**
     * Gets the record associated with the given key, or the singleton
     * record of an aggregation declared without square brackets if
     * {@code key} is {@code null} or empty.
     *
     * @param key  The record key, or an empty tuple (see {@link
     * Tuple#EMPTY}) to obtain the value from a <i>singleton</i> (a
     * non-keyed instance with only a single value) generated from a
     * DTrace aggregation declared without square brackets, for
     * example:
     * <pre>		{@code @a = count();}</pre>
     * @return the record associated with the given key, or {@code null}
     * if no record in this aggregation is associated with the given key
     */
    public AggregationRecord
    getRecord(Tuple key)
    {
	if (key == null) {
	    key = Tuple.EMPTY;
	}
	return map.get(key);
    }

    /**
     * Serialize this {@code Aggregation} instance.
     *
     * @serialData Serialized fields are emitted, followed by a {@link
     * java.util.List} of {@link AggregationRecord} instances.
     */
    private void
    writeObject(ObjectOutputStream s) throws IOException
    {
	s.defaultWriteObject();
	s.writeObject(getRecords());
    }

    @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
    private void
    readObject(ObjectInputStream s)
            throws IOException, ClassNotFoundException
    {
	s.defaultReadObject();
	// cannot cast to parametric type without compiler warning
	List <AggregationRecord> records = (List)s.readObject();
	// load serialized form into private map as a defensive copy
	mapRecords(records);
	// Check class invariants (only after defensive copy)
	name = Aggregate.filterUnnamedAggregationName(name);
	try {
	    validate();
	} catch (Exception e) {
	    InvalidObjectException x = new InvalidObjectException(
		    e.getMessage());
	    x.initCause(e);
	    throw x;
	}
    }

    /**
     * Gets a string representation of this aggregation useful for
     * logging and not intended for display.  The exact details of the
     * representation are unspecified and subject to change, but the
     * following format may be regarded as typical:
     * <pre><code>
     * class-name[property1 = value1, property2 = value2]
     * </code></pre>
     */
    @Override
    public String
    toString()
    {
	StringBuilder buf = new StringBuilder();
	buf.append(Aggregation.class.getName());
	buf.append("[name = ");
	buf.append(name);
	buf.append(", id = ");
	buf.append(id);
	buf.append(", records = ");
	List <AggregationRecord> recordList = getRecords();
	// Sort by tuple so that equal aggregations have equal strings
	Collections.sort(recordList, new Comparator <AggregationRecord> () {
	    public int compare(AggregationRecord r1, AggregationRecord r2) {
		Tuple t1 = r1.getTuple();
		Tuple t2 = r2.getTuple();
		return t1.compareTo(t2);
	    }
	});
	buf.append('[');
	boolean first = true;
	for (AggregationRecord record : recordList) {
	    if (first) {
		first = false;
	    } else {
		buf.append(", ");
	    }
	    buf.append(record);
	}
	buf.append(']');
	return buf.toString();
    }
}